Titeu Ni’matul Istiqomah
The Use of Vocabulary Notebook in Improving Vocabulary Mastery for Young Learners
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia |
repository.upi.edu |
perpustakaan.upi.edu
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter discusses the research methodology. It includes the explanation of the research design, population and sample, data collection, instrument, time
allocation, procedure of research, procedure of data analysis.
3.1 Research Design
This study was conducted to find out whether the use of vocabulary notebook in teaching vocabularywas
effective to improve students’ vocabulary mastery or not. Quasi-experimental design with nonequivalent control group
design is used as research design in this study. Hatch and Farhady 1982 state that nonequivalent control group design means that there are two groups in the
study; experimental group and control group, both groups have the same level but they used different methods of teaching in the teaching and learning process.
In this study, both groups were given pre-test which was conducted at the beginning of the study, and post-test was given at the end of the study. The result
of those tests was used to investigate whether or not there is any significant difference between the experimental group and control groups. The research
design used can be represented in the following chart:
Table 3.1 Research Design
EG T1 X1
T2 - - - - - - - - - - - -
CG T4
T5
Titeu Ni’matul Istiqomah
The Use of Vocabulary Notebook in Improving Vocabulary Mastery for Young Learners
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia |
repository.upi.edu |
perpustakaan.upi.edu
Or in the specific form is described as follows: EG
T1 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 T2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
CG T4
T5
Description: EG = Experimental Group.
CG = Control Group. T1 = Pre-
test in which to examine students’ prior knowledge in vocabulary before the treatments.
T2 = Post- test in which to examine students’ vocabulary mastery after the
treatments. T4 = Pre-
test in which to examine students’ prior knowledge in vocabulary in control group.
T5 = Post- test in which to examine students’ vocabulary mastery without
treatment by vocabulary notebook. X 1,2,3,4 = The treatments four times; it is using vocabulary notebook in
teaching vocabulary.
3.1.1 Variables
There were two variables in this study, including independent and dependent variables.According to Coolidge 2000: 15, independent variable is the variable
which will influence dependent variable. In line with Hatch and Farhady, 1982, p. 12, Variable is an attribute of a person or of an object which varies from person to
person or from object to object.Meanwhile, dependent variable is the variable that will be affected by independent variable. In line with Kumar 1999, change
Titeu Ni’matul Istiqomah
The Use of Vocabulary Notebook in Improving Vocabulary Mastery for Young Learners
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia |
repository.upi.edu |
perpustakaan.upi.edu
variables are called independent variables. It means because the variable supposed to be responsible for bring about change in a phenomenon or situation. Then,
dependent variables are outcomeeffect of the change brought about by changes in an independent variable.
Therefore, according to the explanation above, independent variable in this study is the use of vocabulary notebook. On the other hand, dependent variable in
this study refers to the students’ vocabulary mastery.
3.2 Data Collection
There were some steps in collecting the data. Firstly, finding some theories related to vocabulary, vocabulary notebook and characteristics of young learners.
Secondly, compiling appropriate pilot test and testing it to some students in another group which had the same level with experimental and control group. It
was used to determine the validity and reliability of the test, and then it can be used as pre-test and post-test. Thirdly, control and experimental group receive
pre- test to assess students’ vocabulary prior knowledge before they got some
treatments. However, the treatment was only given to the experimental group. Meanwhile,
control group was taught by using conventional method wordlist. The treatment was applied for four times.
Fourthly, post-test was administered to the experimental group and the control group to determine students’ development after the treatment. Moreover, the items
of pre-test and post-test were the same. Lastly, the results of pre-test and post-test were computed by SPSS 18.0.
3.2.1 Population and Sample
The population of this study is all of the students at seventh grade in junior high school. Population and samples have an important role in conducting the
