The current density level can cause health effect Project background

LIST OF TABLES TABLE TITLE PAGE

2.1 The current density level can cause health effect

11 3.1 132kV tower specification from TNB 17 4.1 Statistical result for the morning, afternoon and evening sessions 27 4.2 The difference factor for 24m and 4m distance 28 at afternoon session in 2 week 4.3 The magnetic field frequency at afternoon session in right section 29 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE TITLE PAGE 2.1 The sketch of conductors to the certain point 8 2.2 The right of way area 12 3.1 The flowchart of the methodology of the project 15 3.2 132kV tower design by TNB 17 3.3 The HI-3604 ELF meter 18 3.4 The orientation meter for electric field measurement 19 under the power lines 3.5 The Excel software interface 19 3.6 Location of the measurement 20 3.7 The sketch of the spot measurement method arrangement 21 3.8 The spot measurement method set up at the measurement location 22 3.9 Magnetic field measurement at power lines 23 4.1 The magnetic field frequency at 0m distance 30 4.2 The magnetic field frequency at 4m distance 30 4.3 The magnetic field frequency at 8m distance 31 4.4 The magnetic field frequency at 12m distance 31 4.5 The magnetic field frequency at 16m distance 32 4.6 The magnetic field frequency at 20m distance 32 4.7 The magnetic field frequency at 24m distance 33 LIST OF APPENDICES APPENDIX TITLE PAGE A The measurement data 40 B Magnetic field frequency data Right section only 61 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Project background

The most common phenomenon happens in the transmission line is the generation of the electric field and the magnetic field. The electric field is related to the voltage. Every wire that charges will produce the electric field. It can generate even there is no current flowing. The electric field is proportional to the voltage. When the voltage increases, the electric field also increases rapidly. Normally, the electric field is reduced by the distance. The electric field exposed can easily be shielded by the any object such as a building, and trees. Thus, the electric field produced in transmission line can be effectively blocked from expose to the environment. The magnetic field is related to the current. The motion of the current in the wire will generate the magnetic field. If there is no current flowing, the magnetic field cannot be produced. The magnetic field is proportional to the current. If the current increase, the magnetic field also will increase rapidly. Commonly, the magnetic field is reduced by the distance. If the distance is increased, the magnetic field strength will decrease. However, the magnetic field produced cannot be shielded. This means that, the magnetic field is always exposed to the environment. Both of the fields are complete unseen and soundless. Since the magnetic field can create the biological effect on human health, the attention to this disease is increased. However, there is no scientific evidence to convince this theory. Therefore, some of the countries take a serious step to prevent the public from being exposed to magnetic fields, and electric field by developing the suitable right of way, and consider the tower design. This project is carried out because of the public concern about the effect of the magnetic field at the overhead transmission lines. This project is only focusing on the magnetic field strength of the overhead transmission line. It only focuses on the 132kV transmission line because it is commonly used in Malaysia. Hence, this project is to compute, and analyses the magnetic field at certain points beneath the power lines based on measurement. Other than that, there is no statistical study to evaluate the magnetic field strength at a certain point under the power lines. Thus, the result from this project will be analysed using the statistical method. This project is important because it is used to provide a safety distance and a suitable right of ways for the public near to the overhead power lines due to the magnetic field effect. Furthermore, it also helps to investigate the magnetic field nature of the power lines. Besides that, this project also can provide a better understanding of the magnetic field at the transmission line.

1.2 Motivation