INTRODUCTION 1 LITERATURE REVIEW 4 METHODOLOGY 27 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 37

TABLE OF CONTENTS Topic Page Project Title i Acknowledgement v Abstrak vi Abstract vii Dedication viii Table of content ix List of Tables xiii List of Figures xiv List of abbreviations, Symbols, and Nomenclatures xvi

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Project Introduction

1 1.2 Problem Statement 2

1.3 Objectives

3 1.4 Scope of Project 3

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 4

2.1 Introduction

4 2.2 Related Projects 4 2.2.1 Automated Solar Based Agriculture Pumping 5 2.2.2 Development of Solar Powered Irrigation System 6 2.2.3 Solar-Powered Automated PlantCrop Watering System 7 2.2.4 Application of Solar Powered Automatic Water Pumping in Turkey 8 2.2.5 Solar Powered Smart Irrigation System 9 2.2.6 Automatic Irrigation System through a Solar Power 11 2.2.7 The Irrigation System Fed from Biaxial PV panels 12 2.2.8 Automated Irrigation System Using Solar Power 14 2.2.9 The Soc Design and Realization of Small Scale Solar Irrigation Control System Based on FPGA 15 2.2.10 Intelligence Irrigation System Employing the Use of Solar PV 16 2.2.11 Comparison between reviewed journals 17 2.3 Photovoltaic Panels 19 2.3.1 Monocrystalline Silicon mono-Si PV panel 19 2.3.2 Polycrystalline Silicon PV panel 20 2.3.3 Amorphous Silicon PV panel 20 2.4 Microcontroller and Microprocessor 21 2.5 Soil Moisture Sensor 22 2.5.1 So Basic Self Made Soil Moisture Sensor 22 2.5.2 Soil Conditions 23 2.6 Soil Moisture Sensor Module 24 2.7 Horizontal Single Axis Tracker HSAT 25

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 27

3.1 Introduction 27 3.2 Overall Flowchart of project 27 3.2.1 Literature Review and Planning 27 3.2.2 Software Circuit Design 28 3.2.3 Hardware Implementation 28 3.2.4 Programming of PIC 28 3.3 Operation of system 30 3.4 Gantt chart 31 3.5 Designing and Simulation 32 3.6 Fabrication 33 3.7 Programming 35 3.8 Testing and Troubleshooting 36

CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 37

4.1 Introduction 37 4.2 Proteus Software Simulation ISIS 37 4.2.1 Solar Charge Controller 37 4.2.2 PIC Bootloader Circuit 38 4.3 Proteus Software Simulation ARES 39 4.4 Circuit Prototype of Project 40 4.4.1 Charge Controller 40 4.4.2 PIC Bootloader 41 4.4.3 Relay and LDR circuit 42 4.5 System Operation 43 4.6 Full system Prototype 45 4.7 Discussion 46 4.8 Sustainability 48 4.9 Commercialization 49

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK 50