Ginger and Turmeric Extracts: Their Effects on Thielaviopsis paradoxa Infection of Salak Pondoh during Storage
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lnternational Society for Horticultural Science
Soci6t6 lnternationale de la Science Horticole
ISHS
ACTA HORTICULTURRE@ is a peer reviewed publication of
ISHS. lnformation about Acta Horticulturae@ and ISHS is
given at the end of this book.
Check out www.actahort.org for details on our latest titles.
Editorial Advisory Board of Acta Horticulturae@
Yves Desjardins, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant
Science, Horticulture Research Centre, Laval University,
Quebec, Canada, Chair of the Editorial Advisory Board
Jorge Retamales, Universidad de Talca, Escuela de Agronomia,
Talca, Chile
Sadanori Sase, National lnstitute for Rural Engineering,
Tsukuba, Japan
Paulo lnglese, Dipartimento di Colture Arboree, Universitd
degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, ltaly
Yriksel Tiizel, Department of Horticulture, Agriculture Faculty,
Ege University, lzmir, Turkey
Julian Heyes, lnstitute of Food, Nutrition & Human Health,
Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
Janet Cubey, Science Department, Royal Horticultural Society,
Wisley, United Kingdom
lsaac Ore Aiyelaagbe, Department of Horticulture, University
of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun Slate, Nigeria
Executive Director of ISHS
lr. J. Van Assche
Secretariat of ISHS
PO Box 500
3001 Leuven
Belgium
1
Phone:
Fax:
E-mail:
lnternei:
+32.16.22 94 27
+32.1622 94 50
info@ishs.org
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE
II".' ASIA PACIFIC SYMPOSIUM
ON
POSTHARVEST RESEARCH, EDUCATION
AND EXTENSION
Convener
H.K. Purtvadaria
Yogyakarta, Indonesia
September 18-20,2012
ISHS Commission Education, Research Training and Consultancy
ISlIS Commission Quality and Postharvest Horticulture
ISHS Con-rmission Economics and Management
Acta Horticulturae 1011
Novembcr'2013
lssN 0567-7572
ISBN 978 90 660-5 106 I , Acta llorticulturac rio. 1 0l
Price fol non-members of ISHS: € I I 1.Publrshed by ISHS, November 2013
1
F-xecutive Director of ISHS: J. Van Assche
Technical Processirrg: S. Irranssens
ISHS Secretariat, PO Box 500, 3001 l-er-rven l, Belgir"rnr
Printed by Drukkerij Geers. EekJror,rtdrie sstraat
61
, B-9041 Gent (Oostakker), Belgir-un
li)13 b1"thc ilrtemationai Society for Horlicr:ltural Scicnce (lslls). All rglrts resen,ed. No palt of this book
trtay be relttoclirced and/or publisheci in ztnv li)l'rn or bv any nreans" electronjc oI mechanioal, inclucling
photocopvins- microfiirn and recording. ol bl' an-r, inlorrlatior storage alrd letrierial systern- lrithor-rt *'ritten
permission fi'om tbe publishcrs.
l)hotographs on the front cover':
l.
2.
3.
4.
Salak Pondoh plants and fruits (by coullesy olC. Szrednicki).
Salak Pondoh liuits (by corutesy of W. Maneerat).
Mangosteen maturity index 3 for expofi (by courtesy of II.K. Purrvadaria).
Ready to eat mangosteen (by couflesy of H.K. Purwadaria).
-5. Demonstration facility for multipurpose plant factory, Osaka Prefecture University, Japan (by courtesy
of H. Murase).
6. Dernonstration facility lor high efficiency energy conservation plant lactory, Osaka Prefecture
University, Japan (by coudesy of H. Murase)_
)
LI\'I
()IT
('()\TENTS
F,.r:ri , rrtj
Kr", :ti,:r' S],ccch
6
ir:r: -til
'
9
.i rri'(
-5
1
ctntents
t5
--..:,.;-.\Lrlhttrs
, .:
l1
,ri- Partictpants
he\ n otc Papers
I
,.lhlr.r e sl llorticultLrrc E,ducation and 'fraining Opporttrnitics in the
'.
!:
',,.::r I):rciflc Ilegion
25
t ir/orr.s'
;i .::r.rlrcst Rcsearch Education and E.xtension jn I'hailancl: C'apacity
::.;r L|ng jn Postharvest 1-echnology at the Unir ersjty Le vel
,i,.; t' ! ul'tt n e ral an cl
_ .i
'u,
-
1ng
C.
LI/on
pis
the E,l1-ectiveness of Small-Holder Funr Posthanest Practiccs in
.: :' .' I t
49
It t t t t t t
:::lrsalion of Distillation olVolatilc Comporrncls from
. :n Lirle Oil a\ a l\lo(lcl
,, i'raltitli, G. Srzatlnit:ki and J.D. Craske
'.1-..
^
'
4l
lltlt l'lll|I
r:-ce o1'Postharr,cst Cooling on Product QLrality
,
l5
-Aree
::..i.'d
Ciitrus Using
55
Postharvest Technologies and Management lbr Rcducing
LoSSeS in Rice
.ir:r-r est
i:r
63
irlltterl
Flccent Postharvest 'lechnology Invention to Improve Product Quality
. .'..'i:rblc Transportation Conclitions Preventing Quality Loss
: :-:>:rrnon fbr Exports
"- -:-;,'rir.t ctnd K. Nakonrt
ol'Jiro'
.,::r Components and lnvertase Activity in Di l rent Maturity Stages ol
'l: r::srie n' Rambutan
'' i ti:,!tao. V. Sriloottg, .5. Kanla),onara/, S. Noichinda, K. Bodhipadnra
13
B1
' -i .S Kltutnjareon
:,::licrtions olElectric Nose to Determine the Maturity olSapodllla Using
, .::.'nr Recognition Syslem
' ',;,?t'olto. S. Ilahayoe and A.A. Oka
87
.: ,iuction of High Quality Pineapple Juice Porvder
:. i'. Pixvder Procluct
. (.iictittadul, S. Thianpossakortl, S. Bannakulpipal
95
.:...i
C Borontpichaichorlkul
lor Using in Instant
j-('Lrtling urrii
f;l].|]!::[:'].i'Sern
Lt. Altntctd,
Et-t-cet
\\jarirg i, Ltr*
r-t i::irc'urLrrc Sr.*rse
t.r1.
E. Dctrntttt..nti oncl l:.E. l,/trntttttltr
it't;
olClrnlLrirrrfll;lljlrgrndplirstics\\/rrrppjl1q,,rr
rrrd Scnsory Ciraractcr.rsrici ol na,rrUnole,'r
Il. Parttntau,ali, D.A. A,tt'trtiutt,
'
i."i),i,'r',li,,,rtth ortl ,,\
iirt,J)it)sjr.._(.lrt.rrrrrul
ilt
\_rrli.srt,osari
I;
f,ii';:,ill;jl;,1:':,ii:i.ro,,,rrre errariry oi r,rrrrre:, rl rr ciri,rs orri,rrr
lt. ,lri/aong, A. Soontot;;i,l,i,
i lunt,, tn cutcl N. ).,cttnrrrrt.hi
lt9
ll rd l)evclonlrrcn t.ol potato
C r_rci i rtr: Nln..lr i rr..
k'. tt ictod,;. J. piic,.v,, D A,,g;;;"i,)'"r"'F,rtrrtt,rrc,ti.l
Der igrr
T
il!:I,;Ti 7;:tit
ir':lf;f
o;:';rance orrorttato U:i.g
Acropo'ics
rr
rri ,/orrc cooring
in
141
R. Hasbullah. E. Rohacri ctnd
R. S.rat.ie.f
production,of
A
n o rp h o p h o I I t r s
'nproving
ttttte
IIe
r
?r-rrii-recr Konj ac
i by M,
t\. tntpaproscrt. U. Sr-t.dnicki,
Process Modification
,J,
oJ.
l4l
Glucoma,, an rionr
; ;;''D;., ",
C. sorZ,,,pih)oirJtar.rAu/,./.
I
r;;
;
/lt,to ottJ L ftt
tar
15-5
porentiar rrrai
Ecorromicai rrrber.(.r.r,rp to
Bc U:ed
ion Lbr. Nu r race
u ;;;;ip;oiy,i.,,
Yl: ::l.rpsu (i
';,,;';"'i::if;:;;:,r,,
tt-r'drticki C Rot.c,ntJtichrtit.ttttt.rktrt.
j
J-)
of Star Fruir(Atet'rlloo cot'trtrl',,/a
L ) Usirrg Vapor
ii'.J".;ilV;;i;t
1
I
5.h.. S,t1t/,trtto
Fruit Fly Disinfestatic
H.r,
lt,', 1,,,, rcjiirr,'c.ai,rrs
Sysrerrr
:Xit""tili,?iUsirrg
ll. Strhurt/i.vanro. K.B. Setninat.ottJ
E, Struttrtti.
125
163
Modeling of com Drying in a
Triangutar-Sp.uted Becl
I|t.B. Bie, G. Srzerlniclti
and D.F. Fletcher
H;ffot""ttics
)esign and Deveiopment.of
the.Real_Tiile paddy
eualitl, Identificatiol
Based on the Acoustic t,b;;;;;'R;rponse
and vibrariorr
i:l:l1::
169
ancl
iunarno
179
,vahration oI postharvest,eualify
t/QCctttttttn corvntborrrttr.Hy.br;ai of Tlrree Southem Highbush Bluebsrly
curii"uts Ii,ul..,.,r ro Hear pr.e-Trcarinenr
Zltao, R. tnryo1.,t.a'et
r
ifi.rfl.*ilrlacranr
L'ir'7 I;;',;;e
orr Developmenl
iiirror,rt ,
ol Scnescence in
ttyadjit, D.E. Irving, D C.
.Ioyce and D. Simons
t87
C t ev i I I ea.
Syli,ia.
191
fionl Butteri'ly
E'rtraction
The Optirrlizatiorl o1-Antllocyanin I'ignlcnt
(('litort(r t(:rt1(tt((r L.t pciai tlsing ne--tpnnse SLrrf rice Methodology
'i ,t'i ti,,,
ttntl E Prungditnurli
1r,,,,irtg. r\,t. '1,t,/ctrtttrlttn
Pea
Vanilla Cultivation ancl Curing in Thailand
ttncl P Jitttreerat
i.'ii;;;;g;ir:,'eel, C. Ll'orgt-Aria, li Srilttrtng
Chilling lrljury in (jrccn Matnre'Gcdong Ciinctr'
C
N4ango
Fruits Based on the
lirrrgcs irt lon Lcakrtse
205
213
2\9
Y Makinrt' S' o'shittt'
i"i"Fi,ir',n,i,",,,i, i.-liti'i""''t'i, S 14trt'dian' Ll '4ltntcttl'
S. Kttrokt artd Y. Kctwttgoe
221
Anplc Crispness E,stirlation fl'onl Optical Paranreters
i'il
.,/,tt,'. A. Slttr,til'. G
\'t"
tttttl
'J
Trttt
235
.lust in Tirlle Potatoes
'ik
ri",:rrpr,, S.P. Singarajtt ctnd S' Muthaly
Quality Changes ol'Exotic Tropical
Modified AtmosPhele
D. SaPuIra and F. Pralama
Fruits cluring Storage in Serni-Passive
Snack Bar for Emergency
Optirniztng Forlnula o1'Composite Flour-Based
Food Pro,iucr 1EFP.)
and Suismotto
.5. nar"io,li, R'.5. Acliandt'i, N' Hidayrth
Kirana' Baualla
Aoolication ol l-MCP to Delay Ripening ol'Mas
'strkasih,
Setyodjit and A'W' Permana
E.'
SeparationPt.ocessof.5-AmiriolevulinicAcicl-fromRhoc]clbaclerspaeroides
ioifn...uting Value oIAgricr'rltural Product by lon Exchange
Chronratography
F"'i:,ir:,"ri,',"6'st'
: e d n i c ki
an
d
c'
Bor
o
m p i c h a i c h a r t ktt
bii
,1,
go,
I'
Rokhntah
Liquid Orqariic Feitilizer Applicatron
ii'n n
BroroLtjojo ard D
Phase
'liiiirtio,
265
213
Pt;t;;;i;;!
M. Djali, S. Nurhasanah,
E
219
A Puspiratringrunt
of 'Cilamaya Muncul' on
The Effect of Flooding on Rice Characteristics
trtt lott Reproductive and Maturation
Various Days after
259
H' and I' Kurniavvali
Rice as a Respouse to
Postharvest Quality Enhancement of 'Mekongga'
E";:;,;i,i:'i; i i;';,;;;i
251
I
Eflects of Various Pressures'
Hydrolysis and Delignification of Rice Strarv:
Acidities
and
Duration of Process
E.
243
285
Letnbong and R' Rahntat
Sitophilus zeantais
Microwar e Treatmetlt for Killing the Silo Insect Pest
Motsch in Maize
E. Hartulisliyoso
for Deternination of
Application ol Near-lnfrared Refl ectance Spectroscopy
Content
Catechin
and
Gambir (Llncaria go,nbi,- Roxb )-Jr4oisture
iniitury-r,ni, Y.A."Pttrwattto, I'i(t' Budiastra
293
299
and K' Syantst't
l1
Shcll Lilc arrl ('harac'ttrristics
or'Str.e*.rrcr-r._1 \r:t.tt,gttt ttt trrrgera,,si.:.L.)
tr.atcd b1t Alrte t'cr-rr-Clycc'tt,l n,,ci p,,.'ie-,1
rvitir l)cr..lirr.atecl plastic F ilr'
11.|1.,1t i/in, l.S,St:riu.sili rtntl J.S. t t,i,,,rji,ii
C
Enlilorrrlcntai Factols Atli,cr postharvcst (]ualit y
ol Gnt:ttrnt gnen.ton L.
K. lJtrn.t,u-uIit'hat.I ctntl ,S. KttnsIuttg
313
ciin.tlef ancl TLrt'ttteric Ertracls: Their I;11'ccts
tt, Thie:lc^,iopt.i,s. ltarocloxa
I rr f'er.t rorr,rl Sl Iltk prrrrdrrh
cirtrirrg Str rrlrr:c'
O S. D h tr r m o tt.r I ra, R. H a s b t r I t,tfi r,, r,j'R-."K,,
3t9
rm
7
Deternrinatior of Fr-yir-g C"st;r.t
Le r
cl, ol Fe('ding Ciprc;ry
r,r vacur'
'4. Lo\rrt)'onrr'. s. socJ.tarntttn, R. soenoko ttnd
Pr-ediction o1'(,-herricar contents of Jatrophct
" 'r''
Intl-ared Rcllectance Method
L_()E^C'h.Lettgltey, D.p. Sari, I
K.lJ. Sttttittat- rtnd B.S. ptrt.u.oko
14/.
i,r,l i
rrriecr
pineapple at Three
325
r-r.,g. ,gt.utrcrrtJi
crr(o'L.
Seecrs
Ip_3p by Near
.i
Buditt.stru,
Ripening Delay and Reduction of Free Fatlv
Acids of oi1 pa'n
Rcspolrse ro j -Met hylcyclopropene
N. JVtrohviiir. L. Lt.ri/uiv,,;,8;;; W trtrabai
Fr-r-rit
Ffllll:j;r"ry
t)
in
Charactelization of l-MCp Gas fronr Synthesis
olVarious Ratios oi.
Lithiurn Diisopropylamide (LDA] a;Jj_Chloro_2_Methylpropene
il'rvPLrrs (CMp)
I
A.l,l'. Pertrratta. Setvadlit t,tcl ll/. g, oti-
S.
i07
J4-)
351
AJIei,iarion irr .Golden Beil, Slr,eel pepper
Caused by UV_C
3s]
Promysu and S. Supapvanich
The Effect of packaoirg arcr Stor-ege
Te'pe.atures
- "H!r
on trre Sherf-Life of'
Mirrirrraliy processei
Ciuliflowersr'
l.S. Setiasilt, R. Kastantan anrl D. AhrsadcJacl
The Utilization of Rare Sugars as a Functional
Food
M. Hadipernata, S. Ha1;alrZ'rr,
"iij
A."
ill',)r",
JOJ
369
Supply and varue chain Manageme't
system lor Agriculturar prod'cts
Development of postharvest Handling
Model lbr l\4angosteen Fruit
(,G.a171ia tnongostana L
ifr. E-p*
)
l.M. Eclris, S. LVardjan uia.along
t 6i,::,,,;;;;
iijl,Y":n""r
l,rppty
Clrain
'
Managern ent or Ranrbr-rra' FiLrit for Exportir
g in chanrhaburi
S. Tongtao, V. Srilaonq, p. Boonyaritthongc:hai,
S. Kcu.tlayanarat
attd T. Wasusri
Model of Integrarecl Rice Milling and Value
Chain Development
R. Racltntat, R.
eahlolruro,ro, Sl Uijrot
ii,r"a Suir*oro
12
Jl /
385
391
E'il.ectir'ePostharl,estN4ana.Qelllenlol.TarlgerineCitrus(C'lll.rr'st.t,lir'ttlultt
Protect Safttv
'Sianr Banjar'') to I{e dLrcc Liiittt. lr4aintairi QLra)ity and
Httsbianlrt
A
ttntl
Z.li tlrlr.ri,n, .S. Le.sntttt'uli. R Qontttt'icth
399
in Mar.rgo [:xport
Trials 1br-Application ol-llandling Technology
ct nd R R ct c h nt a t
d
i
t
tt
b
e
r
S
Al
D'
r
i,
u'
)'
i' 3)',il rr,^r,,i' i. Mu l,- oo,'
405
r
Developnrent
Posth:rrvest Researclt, Education and Extension
: l- Lrturc
p.srha^,est li ort icr-r ltLirc Educati or. Research an d consLr llaricy
415
Ct.rutt.ng.t in the Asia-Pacific Region
D.E,. Aldous
alltl l'lrttltit'tr C;rIueitr'
An Overricu ul Postltlrretr Retclrclt' l:\tensioll anci The Fi'1i lslands
Torrga
Sa'r'oa'
the Paciflc wrth a I-ocus ;;;w;t';;-;
S.J.R. Llnderhi/l
irr
oneninsHoursoftheivlelbourrleWholesa]eMarketarrdT]ieirltlpactotl
ilitY ol the Market
tl.r.
';; Srsiainrt
i i;;;;;;, fi K v"n'opa' L Goraiekands Magazitt
if<
N:J
433
Novel Technology in Postharvest System
of Mango
Analysis of lnternal and External Qualities
Non-Destructive
'n,"i,t
Jrti"g Stolage by Hyperspectral lrlagine
K'o'ogno' ltl TstrkuJ't'
). Makirrc, 4. lsami' r.'iulil':i''S o'hitu' Y
p1.'6liyama, M. Serizawct, Y'A Ptrrwanlo' IJ Ahntod'
443
S Maidlan and S Ktrroki
Circadian Clock in Lettuce
Organ Specific Spatio-Temp-olal Patterns of
Fukuda
H
and
X.'tttrai,'n. Murase
451
ClraracterizationofCircadianRhythmsthrorrghaBioluminescenceReporter
Assay in Lactuca sativa L'
iigashi, H. Mttrase and H Ftrkttda
459
'7:.-
Cultured Moss Mat
Intellgent Micro-Precision Irrigation System for
Production in Plant Factory
Y. Hendrautan and H Mtrrase
Moss
Anaivsis of the Transpiralion Properlies- irr Sunagoke
lt/.
ilrraka,ri,
Ll
465
4/J
. Mtrrase attd H' Fukudu
Material in
Pilot Model of Production System for Moss Greening
419
Yogyakarta
M.
Ll,shada and H. tVurase
Pulses Leads to Inproved
Controlling the Circadian Rhythmrvith Dark
Or.ralitv of"Production in the Plant Factory
S-.
'iisiikava,
H.
Mut'ctse and
H
481
f:ukuda
Laser Light Source and
Ootimization and L'valuation of Plant Grorvth Using
Air Flow Simulation in Plant Factory
H' Fzrkuda
M. Akakabe, T. Nishiiawi,-'R' Masuishi' H' Narimo'
and H. Murase
493
r3
3inger and Turmeric Extracts: Their Effects on Tltielaviopsis pnradoxa
nfection of Salak Pondoh during Storage
).S. Dharmaputra
)epartment of Biology
:aculty olMathernatics and Natural Sciences
iogor Agricultrrral Urrrr .'rsity
)anrpus Dramaga, Bogor
ndonesia
R. Hasbullah
Department ol Mechanical and
Biosyslcrrr Engint'ering
Faculty of AgricultLrral Te chnology
Bogor Agrrcrritrrlrrl Unir elsily
C-arnpus I)rarnaga, Bogor
lndonesia
Kusrniadi
)epartment ol AgrotechnoIogy
raculty of Agriculture, Fishery and Biology
langkr Beliturrg Unir rr:it1
)ampus Balunrjuk, Bangka
L.
)angkh Belitr"rng Island
ndonesia
ieyrvords: red ginger, tun.neric, r.r'ax, salak pondoh, Thieloviopsis paradora
lbstract
The objectives of this study vvere to: (1) investigate the effect of red ginger
nd turmeric rhizome extracts on grorvth of Thielaviopsis paradoxa; (2) find the
nost effective coating lbrmula to maintain quality of salak pondoh during storage.
n the first experiment, the concentraticlns of red ginger and turmeric rhizome
xtracts used n'ere 20, 30 antl 10oh. The fungus was grown on potato dextrose agar
PDA) containing each concentration of the extracts. PDA not containing red ginger
nd turmeric extract served as control. In the second experiment, three treatments
onsisting of lvaxing 10oh, red ginger rhizome extract, and the combination of n'ax
07o and recl ginger cxtract'rvere used to examine their effect on fungal infection of
rlak pondolr during storage. The liuit quality examined every 3 days of storage
onsisted of moisture content, n'eight loss, firmness, soluble solid content (SSC),
espiration rate and organoleptic test. Results ilrtlicated that red gingcr and
rrmeric rhizome extracts inhibited grorvth of T. parodoxc starting at
30oh
oncentration. Percentage grorvth inhibition of the fungus caused by red ginger and
rrmeric rhizonre extracts at this concentration were 100 and 34oh,respectively. Red
inger extract at 30o/o concentration \vas more effective than the turmeric rhizome
xtract. Use of 107o rvax in cornbination n,ith 30'h red ginger extract for coating
rlak pondoh fruit could maintain fruit qualitl' at roorn temperature (28.0+1.5"C)
nd relative humidity 65-750 for 12 da1's, rvhile controls could only maintain
ostharvest quality for up to 9 days.
\TRODUCTION
Apalt fron rrangoesteen, lnengo, citrus, banana and duriart, salak (snake ftuit,
qlacca Ldalls Reinw.)-is an important fi'uit grorvn in Indonesia u,ith an annual ol
roduction 815,221 tonnes (BPS, 2010).
As a perishable fi'uit, salak postharvest deterioration can be rapid bec,ar-rse of
rechanical. physical, physiological and rricrobiological factors. After harvest fi'uit are
hysiologically active, and continue to respile. Thielavic.,psis paradora
is the
rr.rost
nportani posihar-vest fungal pathogen ol salak. Fungal infection can cause change,s- in
-orlra, tasie and texture. Poor taste, solt texture and unattractive appearance will affect
re ntarket value of salak. Synthetic firngicides have been used to control postirarvest
iseases of many fruits, but excessive use of fi-rngicides can result in development ol
lthogen resistance.
According to Winiarri et al. (2007) onion, tumeric and galangal (Alpinia galanga)
oc. Second Asia Pacrfic Symp. on Postharvest Research
lucation and Ertension
ls.: H.K. Prim'adaria et al.
-r2 Hon I 0l I ISHS ?0 I 3
319
have anlirnicl'clbial activities. Srinilson et al. (200()) r'cportecl that rrrrnreric and ginger gar
better control o1-nricrobes than galansal. \\'ar coatinc is a rlcthocl r-rse
#
F
**
x
B
.,.3
fid
il"i(.
P
e
lnternational Society for Horticultural Science
Soci6t6 lnternationale de la Science Horticole
ISHS
ACTA HORTICULTURRE@ is a peer reviewed publication of
ISHS. lnformation about Acta Horticulturae@ and ISHS is
given at the end of this book.
Check out www.actahort.org for details on our latest titles.
Editorial Advisory Board of Acta Horticulturae@
Yves Desjardins, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant
Science, Horticulture Research Centre, Laval University,
Quebec, Canada, Chair of the Editorial Advisory Board
Jorge Retamales, Universidad de Talca, Escuela de Agronomia,
Talca, Chile
Sadanori Sase, National lnstitute for Rural Engineering,
Tsukuba, Japan
Paulo lnglese, Dipartimento di Colture Arboree, Universitd
degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, ltaly
Yriksel Tiizel, Department of Horticulture, Agriculture Faculty,
Ege University, lzmir, Turkey
Julian Heyes, lnstitute of Food, Nutrition & Human Health,
Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
Janet Cubey, Science Department, Royal Horticultural Society,
Wisley, United Kingdom
lsaac Ore Aiyelaagbe, Department of Horticulture, University
of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun Slate, Nigeria
Executive Director of ISHS
lr. J. Van Assche
Secretariat of ISHS
PO Box 500
3001 Leuven
Belgium
1
Phone:
Fax:
E-mail:
lnternei:
+32.16.22 94 27
+32.1622 94 50
info@ishs.org
www.ishs.org
PROCEEDINGS OF THE
II".' ASIA PACIFIC SYMPOSIUM
ON
POSTHARVEST RESEARCH, EDUCATION
AND EXTENSION
Convener
H.K. Purtvadaria
Yogyakarta, Indonesia
September 18-20,2012
ISHS Commission Education, Research Training and Consultancy
ISlIS Commission Quality and Postharvest Horticulture
ISHS Con-rmission Economics and Management
Acta Horticulturae 1011
Novembcr'2013
lssN 0567-7572
ISBN 978 90 660-5 106 I , Acta llorticulturac rio. 1 0l
Price fol non-members of ISHS: € I I 1.Publrshed by ISHS, November 2013
1
F-xecutive Director of ISHS: J. Van Assche
Technical Processirrg: S. Irranssens
ISHS Secretariat, PO Box 500, 3001 l-er-rven l, Belgir"rnr
Printed by Drukkerij Geers. EekJror,rtdrie sstraat
61
, B-9041 Gent (Oostakker), Belgir-un
li)13 b1"thc ilrtemationai Society for Horlicr:ltural Scicnce (lslls). All rglrts resen,ed. No palt of this book
trtay be relttoclirced and/or publisheci in ztnv li)l'rn or bv any nreans" electronjc oI mechanioal, inclucling
photocopvins- microfiirn and recording. ol bl' an-r, inlorrlatior storage alrd letrierial systern- lrithor-rt *'ritten
permission fi'om tbe publishcrs.
l)hotographs on the front cover':
l.
2.
3.
4.
Salak Pondoh plants and fruits (by coullesy olC. Szrednicki).
Salak Pondoh liuits (by corutesy of W. Maneerat).
Mangosteen maturity index 3 for expofi (by courtesy of II.K. Purrvadaria).
Ready to eat mangosteen (by couflesy of H.K. Purwadaria).
-5. Demonstration facility for multipurpose plant factory, Osaka Prefecture University, Japan (by courtesy
of H. Murase).
6. Dernonstration facility lor high efficiency energy conservation plant lactory, Osaka Prefecture
University, Japan (by coudesy of H. Murase)_
)
LI\'I
()IT
('()\TENTS
F,.r:ri , rrtj
Kr", :ti,:r' S],ccch
6
ir:r: -til
'
9
.i rri'(
-5
1
ctntents
t5
--..:,.;-.\Lrlhttrs
, .:
l1
,ri- Partictpants
he\ n otc Papers
I
,.lhlr.r e sl llorticultLrrc E,ducation and 'fraining Opporttrnitics in the
'.
!:
',,.::r I):rciflc Ilegion
25
t ir/orr.s'
;i .::r.rlrcst Rcsearch Education and E.xtension jn I'hailancl: C'apacity
::.;r L|ng jn Postharvest 1-echnology at the Unir ersjty Le vel
,i,.; t' ! ul'tt n e ral an cl
_ .i
'u,
-
1ng
C.
LI/on
pis
the E,l1-ectiveness of Small-Holder Funr Posthanest Practiccs in
.: :' .' I t
49
It t t t t t t
:::lrsalion of Distillation olVolatilc Comporrncls from
. :n Lirle Oil a\ a l\lo(lcl
,, i'raltitli, G. Srzatlnit:ki and J.D. Craske
'.1-..
^
'
4l
lltlt l'lll|I
r:-ce o1'Postharr,cst Cooling on Product QLrality
,
l5
-Aree
::..i.'d
Ciitrus Using
55
Postharvest Technologies and Management lbr Rcducing
LoSSeS in Rice
.ir:r-r est
i:r
63
irlltterl
Flccent Postharvest 'lechnology Invention to Improve Product Quality
. .'..'i:rblc Transportation Conclitions Preventing Quality Loss
: :-:>:rrnon fbr Exports
"- -:-;,'rir.t ctnd K. Nakonrt
ol'Jiro'
.,::r Components and lnvertase Activity in Di l rent Maturity Stages ol
'l: r::srie n' Rambutan
'' i ti:,!tao. V. Sriloottg, .5. Kanla),onara/, S. Noichinda, K. Bodhipadnra
13
B1
' -i .S Kltutnjareon
:,::licrtions olElectric Nose to Determine the Maturity olSapodllla Using
, .::.'nr Recognition Syslem
' ',;,?t'olto. S. Ilahayoe and A.A. Oka
87
.: ,iuction of High Quality Pineapple Juice Porvder
:. i'. Pixvder Procluct
. (.iictittadul, S. Thianpossakortl, S. Bannakulpipal
95
.:...i
C Borontpichaichorlkul
lor Using in Instant
j-('Lrtling urrii
f;l].|]!::[:'].i'Sern
Lt. Altntctd,
Et-t-cet
\\jarirg i, Ltr*
r-t i::irc'urLrrc Sr.*rse
t.r1.
E. Dctrntttt..nti oncl l:.E. l,/trntttttltr
it't;
olClrnlLrirrrfll;lljlrgrndplirstics\\/rrrppjl1q,,rr
rrrd Scnsory Ciraractcr.rsrici ol na,rrUnole,'r
Il. Parttntau,ali, D.A. A,tt'trtiutt,
'
i."i),i,'r',li,,,rtth ortl ,,\
iirt,J)it)sjr.._(.lrt.rrrrrul
ilt
\_rrli.srt,osari
I;
f,ii';:,ill;jl;,1:':,ii:i.ro,,,rrre errariry oi r,rrrrre:, rl rr ciri,rs orri,rrr
lt. ,lri/aong, A. Soontot;;i,l,i,
i lunt,, tn cutcl N. ).,cttnrrrrt.hi
lt9
ll rd l)evclonlrrcn t.ol potato
C r_rci i rtr: Nln..lr i rr..
k'. tt ictod,;. J. piic,.v,, D A,,g;;;"i,)'"r"'F,rtrrtt,rrc,ti.l
Der igrr
T
il!:I,;Ti 7;:tit
ir':lf;f
o;:';rance orrorttato U:i.g
Acropo'ics
rr
rri ,/orrc cooring
in
141
R. Hasbullah. E. Rohacri ctnd
R. S.rat.ie.f
production,of
A
n o rp h o p h o I I t r s
'nproving
ttttte
IIe
r
?r-rrii-recr Konj ac
i by M,
t\. tntpaproscrt. U. Sr-t.dnicki,
Process Modification
,J,
oJ.
l4l
Glucoma,, an rionr
; ;;''D;., ",
C. sorZ,,,pih)oirJtar.rAu/,./.
I
r;;
;
/lt,to ottJ L ftt
tar
15-5
porentiar rrrai
Ecorromicai rrrber.(.r.r,rp to
Bc U:ed
ion Lbr. Nu r race
u ;;;;ip;oiy,i.,,
Yl: ::l.rpsu (i
';,,;';"'i::if;:;;:,r,,
tt-r'drticki C Rot.c,ntJtichrtit.ttttt.rktrt.
j
J-)
of Star Fruir(Atet'rlloo cot'trtrl',,/a
L ) Usirrg Vapor
ii'.J".;ilV;;i;t
1
I
5.h.. S,t1t/,trtto
Fruit Fly Disinfestatic
H.r,
lt,', 1,,,, rcjiirr,'c.ai,rrs
Sysrerrr
:Xit""tili,?iUsirrg
ll. Strhurt/i.vanro. K.B. Setninat.ottJ
E, Struttrtti.
125
163
Modeling of com Drying in a
Triangutar-Sp.uted Becl
I|t.B. Bie, G. Srzerlniclti
and D.F. Fletcher
H;ffot""ttics
)esign and Deveiopment.of
the.Real_Tiile paddy
eualitl, Identificatiol
Based on the Acoustic t,b;;;;;'R;rponse
and vibrariorr
i:l:l1::
169
ancl
iunarno
179
,vahration oI postharvest,eualify
t/QCctttttttn corvntborrrttr.Hy.br;ai of Tlrree Southem Highbush Bluebsrly
curii"uts Ii,ul..,.,r ro Hear pr.e-Trcarinenr
Zltao, R. tnryo1.,t.a'et
r
ifi.rfl.*ilrlacranr
L'ir'7 I;;',;;e
orr Developmenl
iiirror,rt ,
ol Scnescence in
ttyadjit, D.E. Irving, D C.
.Ioyce and D. Simons
t87
C t ev i I I ea.
Syli,ia.
191
fionl Butteri'ly
E'rtraction
The Optirrlizatiorl o1-Antllocyanin I'ignlcnt
(('litort(r t(:rt1(tt((r L.t pciai tlsing ne--tpnnse SLrrf rice Methodology
'i ,t'i ti,,,
ttntl E Prungditnurli
1r,,,,irtg. r\,t. '1,t,/ctrtttrlttn
Pea
Vanilla Cultivation ancl Curing in Thailand
ttncl P Jitttreerat
i.'ii;;;;g;ir:,'eel, C. Ll'orgt-Aria, li Srilttrtng
Chilling lrljury in (jrccn Matnre'Gcdong Ciinctr'
C
N4ango
Fruits Based on the
lirrrgcs irt lon Lcakrtse
205
213
2\9
Y Makinrt' S' o'shittt'
i"i"Fi,ir',n,i,",,,i, i.-liti'i""''t'i, S 14trt'dian' Ll '4ltntcttl'
S. Kttrokt artd Y. Kctwttgoe
221
Anplc Crispness E,stirlation fl'onl Optical Paranreters
i'il
.,/,tt,'. A. Slttr,til'. G
\'t"
tttttl
'J
Trttt
235
.lust in Tirlle Potatoes
'ik
ri",:rrpr,, S.P. Singarajtt ctnd S' Muthaly
Quality Changes ol'Exotic Tropical
Modified AtmosPhele
D. SaPuIra and F. Pralama
Fruits cluring Storage in Serni-Passive
Snack Bar for Emergency
Optirniztng Forlnula o1'Composite Flour-Based
Food Pro,iucr 1EFP.)
and Suismotto
.5. nar"io,li, R'.5. Acliandt'i, N' Hidayrth
Kirana' Baualla
Aoolication ol l-MCP to Delay Ripening ol'Mas
'strkasih,
Setyodjit and A'W' Permana
E.'
SeparationPt.ocessof.5-AmiriolevulinicAcicl-fromRhoc]clbaclerspaeroides
ioifn...uting Value oIAgricr'rltural Product by lon Exchange
Chronratography
F"'i:,ir:,"ri,',"6'st'
: e d n i c ki
an
d
c'
Bor
o
m p i c h a i c h a r t ktt
bii
,1,
go,
I'
Rokhntah
Liquid Orqariic Feitilizer Applicatron
ii'n n
BroroLtjojo ard D
Phase
'liiiirtio,
265
213
Pt;t;;;i;;!
M. Djali, S. Nurhasanah,
E
219
A Puspiratringrunt
of 'Cilamaya Muncul' on
The Effect of Flooding on Rice Characteristics
trtt lott Reproductive and Maturation
Various Days after
259
H' and I' Kurniavvali
Rice as a Respouse to
Postharvest Quality Enhancement of 'Mekongga'
E";:;,;i,i:'i; i i;';,;;;i
251
I
Eflects of Various Pressures'
Hydrolysis and Delignification of Rice Strarv:
Acidities
and
Duration of Process
E.
243
285
Letnbong and R' Rahntat
Sitophilus zeantais
Microwar e Treatmetlt for Killing the Silo Insect Pest
Motsch in Maize
E. Hartulisliyoso
for Deternination of
Application ol Near-lnfrared Refl ectance Spectroscopy
Content
Catechin
and
Gambir (Llncaria go,nbi,- Roxb )-Jr4oisture
iniitury-r,ni, Y.A."Pttrwattto, I'i(t' Budiastra
293
299
and K' Syantst't
l1
Shcll Lilc arrl ('harac'ttrristics
or'Str.e*.rrcr-r._1 \r:t.tt,gttt ttt trrrgera,,si.:.L.)
tr.atcd b1t Alrte t'cr-rr-Clycc'tt,l n,,ci p,,.'ie-,1
rvitir l)cr..lirr.atecl plastic F ilr'
11.|1.,1t i/in, l.S,St:riu.sili rtntl J.S. t t,i,,,rji,ii
C
Enlilorrrlcntai Factols Atli,cr postharvcst (]ualit y
ol Gnt:ttrnt gnen.ton L.
K. lJtrn.t,u-uIit'hat.I ctntl ,S. KttnsIuttg
313
ciin.tlef ancl TLrt'ttteric Ertracls: Their I;11'ccts
tt, Thie:lc^,iopt.i,s. ltarocloxa
I rr f'er.t rorr,rl Sl Iltk prrrrdrrh
cirtrirrg Str rrlrr:c'
O S. D h tr r m o tt.r I ra, R. H a s b t r I t,tfi r,, r,j'R-."K,,
3t9
rm
7
Deternrinatior of Fr-yir-g C"st;r.t
Le r
cl, ol Fe('ding Ciprc;ry
r,r vacur'
'4. Lo\rrt)'onrr'. s. socJ.tarntttn, R. soenoko ttnd
Pr-ediction o1'(,-herricar contents of Jatrophct
" 'r''
Intl-ared Rcllectance Method
L_()E^C'h.Lettgltey, D.p. Sari, I
K.lJ. Sttttittat- rtnd B.S. ptrt.u.oko
14/.
i,r,l i
rrriecr
pineapple at Three
325
r-r.,g. ,gt.utrcrrtJi
crr(o'L.
Seecrs
Ip_3p by Near
.i
Buditt.stru,
Ripening Delay and Reduction of Free Fatlv
Acids of oi1 pa'n
Rcspolrse ro j -Met hylcyclopropene
N. JVtrohviiir. L. Lt.ri/uiv,,;,8;;; W trtrabai
Fr-r-rit
Ffllll:j;r"ry
t)
in
Charactelization of l-MCp Gas fronr Synthesis
olVarious Ratios oi.
Lithiurn Diisopropylamide (LDA] a;Jj_Chloro_2_Methylpropene
il'rvPLrrs (CMp)
I
A.l,l'. Pertrratta. Setvadlit t,tcl ll/. g, oti-
S.
i07
J4-)
351
AJIei,iarion irr .Golden Beil, Slr,eel pepper
Caused by UV_C
3s]
Promysu and S. Supapvanich
The Effect of packaoirg arcr Stor-ege
Te'pe.atures
- "H!r
on trre Sherf-Life of'
Mirrirrraliy processei
Ciuliflowersr'
l.S. Setiasilt, R. Kastantan anrl D. AhrsadcJacl
The Utilization of Rare Sugars as a Functional
Food
M. Hadipernata, S. Ha1;alrZ'rr,
"iij
A."
ill',)r",
JOJ
369
Supply and varue chain Manageme't
system lor Agriculturar prod'cts
Development of postharvest Handling
Model lbr l\4angosteen Fruit
(,G.a171ia tnongostana L
ifr. E-p*
)
l.M. Eclris, S. LVardjan uia.along
t 6i,::,,,;;;;
iijl,Y":n""r
l,rppty
Clrain
'
Managern ent or Ranrbr-rra' FiLrit for Exportir
g in chanrhaburi
S. Tongtao, V. Srilaonq, p. Boonyaritthongc:hai,
S. Kcu.tlayanarat
attd T. Wasusri
Model of Integrarecl Rice Milling and Value
Chain Development
R. Racltntat, R.
eahlolruro,ro, Sl Uijrot
ii,r"a Suir*oro
12
Jl /
385
391
E'il.ectir'ePostharl,estN4ana.Qelllenlol.TarlgerineCitrus(C'lll.rr'st.t,lir'ttlultt
Protect Safttv
'Sianr Banjar'') to I{e dLrcc Liiittt. lr4aintairi QLra)ity and
Httsbianlrt
A
ttntl
Z.li tlrlr.ri,n, .S. Le.sntttt'uli. R Qontttt'icth
399
in Mar.rgo [:xport
Trials 1br-Application ol-llandling Technology
ct nd R R ct c h nt a t
d
i
t
tt
b
e
r
S
Al
D'
r
i,
u'
)'
i' 3)',il rr,^r,,i' i. Mu l,- oo,'
405
r
Developnrent
Posth:rrvest Researclt, Education and Extension
: l- Lrturc
p.srha^,est li ort icr-r ltLirc Educati or. Research an d consLr llaricy
415
Ct.rutt.ng.t in the Asia-Pacific Region
D.E,. Aldous
alltl l'lrttltit'tr C;rIueitr'
An Overricu ul Postltlrretr Retclrclt' l:\tensioll anci The Fi'1i lslands
Torrga
Sa'r'oa'
the Paciflc wrth a I-ocus ;;;w;t';;-;
S.J.R. Llnderhi/l
irr
oneninsHoursoftheivlelbourrleWholesa]eMarketarrdT]ieirltlpactotl
ilitY ol the Market
tl.r.
';; Srsiainrt
i i;;;;;;, fi K v"n'opa' L Goraiekands Magazitt
if<
N:J
433
Novel Technology in Postharvest System
of Mango
Analysis of lnternal and External Qualities
Non-Destructive
'n,"i,t
Jrti"g Stolage by Hyperspectral lrlagine
K'o'ogno' ltl TstrkuJ't'
). Makirrc, 4. lsami' r.'iulil':i''S o'hitu' Y
p1.'6liyama, M. Serizawct, Y'A Ptrrwanlo' IJ Ahntod'
443
S Maidlan and S Ktrroki
Circadian Clock in Lettuce
Organ Specific Spatio-Temp-olal Patterns of
Fukuda
H
and
X.'tttrai,'n. Murase
451
ClraracterizationofCircadianRhythmsthrorrghaBioluminescenceReporter
Assay in Lactuca sativa L'
iigashi, H. Mttrase and H Ftrkttda
459
'7:.-
Cultured Moss Mat
Intellgent Micro-Precision Irrigation System for
Production in Plant Factory
Y. Hendrautan and H Mtrrase
Moss
Anaivsis of the Transpiralion Properlies- irr Sunagoke
lt/.
ilrraka,ri,
Ll
465
4/J
. Mtrrase attd H' Fukudu
Material in
Pilot Model of Production System for Moss Greening
419
Yogyakarta
M.
Ll,shada and H. tVurase
Pulses Leads to Inproved
Controlling the Circadian Rhythmrvith Dark
Or.ralitv of"Production in the Plant Factory
S-.
'iisiikava,
H.
Mut'ctse and
H
481
f:ukuda
Laser Light Source and
Ootimization and L'valuation of Plant Grorvth Using
Air Flow Simulation in Plant Factory
H' Fzrkuda
M. Akakabe, T. Nishiiawi,-'R' Masuishi' H' Narimo'
and H. Murase
493
r3
3inger and Turmeric Extracts: Their Effects on Tltielaviopsis pnradoxa
nfection of Salak Pondoh during Storage
).S. Dharmaputra
)epartment of Biology
:aculty olMathernatics and Natural Sciences
iogor Agricultrrral Urrrr .'rsity
)anrpus Dramaga, Bogor
ndonesia
R. Hasbullah
Department ol Mechanical and
Biosyslcrrr Engint'ering
Faculty of AgricultLrral Te chnology
Bogor Agrrcrritrrlrrl Unir elsily
C-arnpus I)rarnaga, Bogor
lndonesia
Kusrniadi
)epartment ol AgrotechnoIogy
raculty of Agriculture, Fishery and Biology
langkr Beliturrg Unir rr:it1
)ampus Balunrjuk, Bangka
L.
)angkh Belitr"rng Island
ndonesia
ieyrvords: red ginger, tun.neric, r.r'ax, salak pondoh, Thieloviopsis paradora
lbstract
The objectives of this study vvere to: (1) investigate the effect of red ginger
nd turmeric rhizome extracts on grorvth of Thielaviopsis paradoxa; (2) find the
nost effective coating lbrmula to maintain quality of salak pondoh during storage.
n the first experiment, the concentraticlns of red ginger and turmeric rhizome
xtracts used n'ere 20, 30 antl 10oh. The fungus was grown on potato dextrose agar
PDA) containing each concentration of the extracts. PDA not containing red ginger
nd turmeric extract served as control. In the second experiment, three treatments
onsisting of lvaxing 10oh, red ginger rhizome extract, and the combination of n'ax
07o and recl ginger cxtract'rvere used to examine their effect on fungal infection of
rlak pondolr during storage. The liuit quality examined every 3 days of storage
onsisted of moisture content, n'eight loss, firmness, soluble solid content (SSC),
espiration rate and organoleptic test. Results ilrtlicated that red gingcr and
rrmeric rhizome extracts inhibited grorvth of T. parodoxc starting at
30oh
oncentration. Percentage grorvth inhibition of the fungus caused by red ginger and
rrmeric rhizonre extracts at this concentration were 100 and 34oh,respectively. Red
inger extract at 30o/o concentration \vas more effective than the turmeric rhizome
xtract. Use of 107o rvax in cornbination n,ith 30'h red ginger extract for coating
rlak pondoh fruit could maintain fruit qualitl' at roorn temperature (28.0+1.5"C)
nd relative humidity 65-750 for 12 da1's, rvhile controls could only maintain
ostharvest quality for up to 9 days.
\TRODUCTION
Apalt fron rrangoesteen, lnengo, citrus, banana and duriart, salak (snake ftuit,
qlacca Ldalls Reinw.)-is an important fi'uit grorvn in Indonesia u,ith an annual ol
roduction 815,221 tonnes (BPS, 2010).
As a perishable fi'uit, salak postharvest deterioration can be rapid bec,ar-rse of
rechanical. physical, physiological and rricrobiological factors. After harvest fi'uit are
hysiologically active, and continue to respile. Thielavic.,psis paradora
is the
rr.rost
nportani posihar-vest fungal pathogen ol salak. Fungal infection can cause change,s- in
-orlra, tasie and texture. Poor taste, solt texture and unattractive appearance will affect
re ntarket value of salak. Synthetic firngicides have been used to control postirarvest
iseases of many fruits, but excessive use of fi-rngicides can result in development ol
lthogen resistance.
According to Winiarri et al. (2007) onion, tumeric and galangal (Alpinia galanga)
oc. Second Asia Pacrfic Symp. on Postharvest Research
lucation and Ertension
ls.: H.K. Prim'adaria et al.
-r2 Hon I 0l I ISHS ?0 I 3
319
have anlirnicl'clbial activities. Srinilson et al. (200()) r'cportecl that rrrrnreric and ginger gar
better control o1-nricrobes than galansal. \\'ar coatinc is a rlcthocl r-rse