According to Arikunto 2002; 124 document is to look for the data about things or variables in the form of notes, transcripts, books, newspapers, magazines, and inscription.
Agenda for information embodies data relating to clients under investigation. Documentation is a technique of data collection method, which involves a record of events in the past in the
forms of handwriting, pictures, or even literature works is used, Sugiyono 2006;329. The document used in this research is students’assignments on writing narrative texts.
The document itself is used to analyze students’ errors made in their narrative writing texts. Three steps are used to analyze the data obtained from the students’ hand writings. Firstly,
the students’ works are all checked and read. The incorrect sentences are given check marks by using stabilo ink. Secondly, the students’ errors are classified into some types. The
classification of errors is tabled based on Ellis’ theory 1996;48: a. Identifying the choice of vocabulary, surface strategy taxonomy errors and
comparative taxonomy errors made by the students in their writing narrative texts. The identification of errors will be done the underlining a number of errors made
by the students in their writing. Then the identification is continued by coding the errors found by using certain codes.
b. Classifying the errors into the categories of errors. The classification will be done by the listing the errors found in each category. Finally, the classification of errors
will be administered by tabulating the data. c. Finding the percentage of each type of syntactical errors by using Anas Formula.
d. Consulting the percentage to the table of the classification level types of errors. e. Drawing a conclusion to answer the research questions.
Thirdly, the percentage of each error point was counted according to the determined formula. Miles and Huberman, 1994:12.
3. 4. The Data Analysis
Data analysis is used to analyze the result of students’ error in writing narrative text and the types of errors. To analyze the data, the researcher use a table of classification errors
to display each error made by students. Therefore, in analyzing the data, the writer used error analysis method. Corder as cited in Ellis 1996: 51 suggests the following steps to conduct
an error analysis research: 1. Collection of samples of learners’ language
The researcher will try to determine the data that are collected to be treated. 2. Identification of errors
In this step, the researcher will identify the collected data and try to find out the errors by underlying the errors.
3. Classification of errors Grouping the errors that will be founded and stating the classes of the errors. The
errors will be classified based on surfaced strategy taxonomy, comparative taxonomy and vocabulary.
4. Explanation of errors In this step, the researher will try to explain how and why a sentence called to be
erroneous. 5. Evaluation of errors
Here, the writer used the evaluation of errors as a step that involved drawing conclusion.
6. Identification of factors and dominant factors. In order to identify the errors, an error classification scheme developed by Djatmika et
al. 2014 is adapted in this study. It consists of 14 types of errors. However, based on the common errors that made by the 5th semester students in writing courses, only 9 types of
errors are chosen in this research as follows: 1. vocabulary, 2. articles, 3. plurality, 4. auxiliaries, 5.verb tense, 6.subject + verb agreement, 7. double negative, 8. word order, and 9.
Preposition.
1. Vocabulary
Vocabulary involves of choosing a correct word to express a meaning from a number of similar words, spelling, and relates to the use of word based on its functions,
whether the word should be as a verb, noun, adjective or adverb.
Examples of error identification: Some people always complaining about the wether
I dont like her. Shes always gossiping and speaking lies about other people .
Error Correction Some people always complaining about the weather
I dont like her. Shes always gossiping and telling lies about other people .
2. Articles
An article is a word that is used with a noun to indicate the type of reference being
made by the noun. English has two articles: the and aan. The is used to refer to
