III. RESEARCH METHOD
The researcher compared between the students’ reading comprehension achievement in the pretest and the students’ reading comprehension achievement in the posttest after being
taught through Collaborative Strategic Reading technique. To answer the research questions, there are seven topics which need to be elaborated here. They are: Research Design, Setting,
Population and Sample, Data Collecting Technique, Research Procedures, Scoring System, Analysis Research Instruments, Data Analysis, and Hypothesis Testing.
3.1 Research Design
To gain the objective of the research, the researcher conducted quantitative design with one group pretest posttest design which used one class which got the treatments through
Collaborative Str ategic Reading CSR. The pretest was administered to see the students’
basic ability before treatments. Then, after giving the treatment the researcher administered the posttest. The posttest was administered in order to prove that CSR can be used to improve
students’ reading comprehension.
The design of the research is described as follows:
T1 X
T2
Where:
T1 : pretest
T2 : posttest
X : treatment by using Collaborative Strategic Reading
Hatch and Farhady, 1982
3.2 Setting
This research was conducted in SMA Negeri 1 Tulang Bawang Tengah, Tulang Bawang from 21
st
April to 10
th
May, 2012.
3.3 Population and Sample
The population and sample that were used in this research were explained as the following:
3.3.1 Population
The population of the research was the first grade students of SMAN 1 Tulang Bawang Tengah. There were 13 classes in this school. In this research, the researcher chose the first
grade students to be investigated. There were five classes of the first grade students: X1, X2, X3, X4, and X5 and each class consists of 30-32 students. Their ages ranged from 15-16
years old.
3.3.2 Sample
From the population above, one class was taken as try out class that was X2 and one class was as the experimental class that was given the treatments teaching reading through
collaborative Strategic Reading that was X1. In determining the samples, the writer used the random sampling technique by using a lottery, so that all the first year classes got the same
chance to be the sample in order to avoid subjectivity and to guarantee that every class had the same opportunity.
3.4 Data Collecting Techniques
In collecting the data, the writer used the following techniques: 1.
Pretest Pretest is the way to measure students’ ability in the beginning before giving treatment.
The researcher used pretest because it is very important to know students’ ability at the
beginning to compare it with students’ ability after treatment. Pretest was given in order to know how far the competence of students in reading comprehension before the treatment.
The test consisted of 30 items of multiple choice forms with five options. The materials were taken from some of try-out test items. In this research, researcher used the same
multiple choices as the pretest and posttest. The good items from try-out test that had been analyzed were given in the pretest and posttest. The contents of the test were presented in
the table of specification on page 36. The test was conducted within 60 minutes.
2. Posttest
This test was administered to the students after conducting the treatments. The aim of this test was to find out the students’ reading comprehension achievement after the three times
treatments. The posttest was given in the last meeting. The test papers were administered to the students in the experimental class, and they were asked to do the test and then
handed in the paper sheet. This test was multiple choices and consists of 30 items with five options. The posttest was conducted within 60 minutes.
3.5 Research Procedures
