Research Method Research Participants

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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY

This chapter provides six general descriptions on the research method, research participants, research instrument, data gathering techniques, data analysis techniques and research procedure.

A. Research Method

The study belongs to descriptive research, which describes the situation as it is. Descriptive research, according to Sprinthall, Schumutte, and Sirois 1991, is a research which its primary purpose is description. The descriptions provide information about relationships between variables since it does not give opportunity for the researcher to control and manipulate the environment. The research also belongs to survey research as it was done by means of questionnaire and interview. It is verified by Sprinthall et al. 1991: 93 “that survey research is designed to collect information from samples occasionally, even from population by using questionnaire and interview”. The questions might be related to opinions, perceptions, attitudes, beliefs, or any of a number of other psychological or sociological qualities. Additionally, survey research is included in descriptive research which requires the researcher to interpret, describe, and explain thoroughly the natural situation revealed on the answered questions. This study belongs to the descriptive research since it gathered purely PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 26 descriptive data about the students ’ perceptions towards the use of video materials the English teaching and learning activities carried out at SMP Pangudi Luhur Sedayu. It is aimed to find out the use of video materials in English teaching and learning activities at SMP Pangudi Luhur Sedayu and the student s’ perceptions towards the use of video materials in the English teaching and learning activities carried out at SMP Pangudi Luhur Sedayu.

B. Research Participants

The participants of this research were the English teacher and ninth grade students of SMP Pangudi Luhur Sedayu, Bantul. The total numbers of the students were sixty two. However, only twenty students became the research participants. The cluster sampling was conducted in choosing the participants. It used the classroom as the unit of sampling. “Cluster sampling is used when it is more feasible or convenient to select groups of individuals than it is to select individuals from a defined popula tion” Borg and Gall, 1983: 249. In the interview, only five students were selected randomly to be the interviewees by considering their homogeneous. Simple random sampling was employed in selecting the participants since it involves an equal chance for each unit of the population to be selected Krathwohl, 1998. Moreover, in order to keep the information confidential, the researcher conducted the coding of interviewees ’ names. The coded names of the participants were shown in Table 3.1 in the following page. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 27 Coding Meaning MrMs Ant The name for the participant of the interview number 1 MrMs Bird The name for the participant of the interview number 2 MrMs Cow The name for the participant of the interview number 3 MrMs Duck The name for the participant of the interview number 4 MrMs Elephant The name for the participant of the interview number 5 Table 3.1 Coding of the Interviewees’ Name

C. Research Instruments