Continuous Ethanol Fermentation from Cocoa Pulp Liquid Waste Using Immobilized Yeast Cells
Makalah
17
-
199
FERMENTMI ETANOL SECARA SINAMBUNG
DARI LIMBAH CAIRAN PULP KAKAO
.'
DENGAN SEL K I - I A M ~IMOBIL~)
CONTINUOUS ETHANOL FERMENTATION FROM
COCOA PULP LIQUID WASTE USING
IMMOBILIZED YEAST CELLS
narnoko2 )
Desrizal d a n L i e s b e t i n i ~ a r t o t o ~ )
ABSTRACT
' The cocoa bean
pulp j u i c e i s a waste o f cocoa e s t a t e
which h a s n o t been w e l l u t i l i z e d s o f a r . Amounted a t about
1 0 % o f t h e bean wet w e i q h t , t h i s waste could be used a s a
s u b s t r a t f o r ethanol f e r c e n t a t i o n s i n c e i t s suqar c o n t e n t
i s r e l a t i v e l y h i q h i . e . 1 0 - 15 %. The o b i e c t z v e o f t h i s
experiment was t o - s t u d y t h e continuous prohuction o f e t h a n o l from t h e waste u s i n g immobilized Saccharomyces c e r e v i s i a e . Immobilization was carried o u t u s i n q entrapment
s y s t e m i n calcium a1 i n a t e beads. Fermentatzon was r u n
c o n t i n u o u s l y i n a pac ed b e d r e a c t o r a t v a r i o u s d i l u t i o n
r a t e s and an i n i t i a l sugar c o n t e n t o f 15 %. The r e s u l t s
w h i c h was
showed t h a t a d i l u t i o n r a t e o f 0.028 hour-',
e q u i v a l e n t t o a r e s i d e n c e t i m e o f 36 hours, gave the h i g h e s t ethanol c o n c e n t r a t i o n i . e . 6.9 % ( w / v ) and a sugar- toe t h a n o l converszon e f f i c i e n c y o f 95 ,%. T h i s r e s u l t was
h i g h e r than t h a t o f a b a t c h fermentatzon.
g
ABSTRAK
I
Limbah c a i r a n pulp kakao merupakan limbah yang belum
banyak dimanfaatkan. Limbah i n i juralahnya s e k l t a r 10 %
d a r l b e r a t basah b i j i kakao dan mengandung g u l a s e k i t a r 10
-a t a15n e% t asehingga
@a ?l: digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembun o l . Pene$ i t i a n i n 1 b e r t u - ~ u a nuntuk memanfaatkan
limbah c a i r a n p v l p kakao menjadi e t a n o l m e l a l u i a f e r m e n t a s i
sinambung menggunakan s e l Sacchar~mycesc e r e v z s z a e i m o b i l .
')
Disawipaikan pada 'seminar Bioteknologi Perkebwan dan Lokakarya Biopol imer Untuk Industri,
11 D e s e h r 1991.
PAU Bioteknologi IPB, Bogor, 10
-
2,
Staf Penel i t i Pvsat Peneli t i a n Perkebunan Bogor
3,
Staf l n s t i t u t Pertanian Bogor
17
-
199
FERMENTMI ETANOL SECARA SINAMBUNG
DARI LIMBAH CAIRAN PULP KAKAO
.'
DENGAN SEL K I - I A M ~IMOBIL~)
CONTINUOUS ETHANOL FERMENTATION FROM
COCOA PULP LIQUID WASTE USING
IMMOBILIZED YEAST CELLS
narnoko2 )
Desrizal d a n L i e s b e t i n i ~ a r t o t o ~ )
ABSTRACT
' The cocoa bean
pulp j u i c e i s a waste o f cocoa e s t a t e
which h a s n o t been w e l l u t i l i z e d s o f a r . Amounted a t about
1 0 % o f t h e bean wet w e i q h t , t h i s waste could be used a s a
s u b s t r a t f o r ethanol f e r c e n t a t i o n s i n c e i t s suqar c o n t e n t
i s r e l a t i v e l y h i q h i . e . 1 0 - 15 %. The o b i e c t z v e o f t h i s
experiment was t o - s t u d y t h e continuous prohuction o f e t h a n o l from t h e waste u s i n g immobilized Saccharomyces c e r e v i s i a e . Immobilization was carried o u t u s i n q entrapment
s y s t e m i n calcium a1 i n a t e beads. Fermentatzon was r u n
c o n t i n u o u s l y i n a pac ed b e d r e a c t o r a t v a r i o u s d i l u t i o n
r a t e s and an i n i t i a l sugar c o n t e n t o f 15 %. The r e s u l t s
w h i c h was
showed t h a t a d i l u t i o n r a t e o f 0.028 hour-',
e q u i v a l e n t t o a r e s i d e n c e t i m e o f 36 hours, gave the h i g h e s t ethanol c o n c e n t r a t i o n i . e . 6.9 % ( w / v ) and a sugar- toe t h a n o l converszon e f f i c i e n c y o f 95 ,%. T h i s r e s u l t was
h i g h e r than t h a t o f a b a t c h fermentatzon.
g
ABSTRAK
I
Limbah c a i r a n pulp kakao merupakan limbah yang belum
banyak dimanfaatkan. Limbah i n i juralahnya s e k l t a r 10 %
d a r l b e r a t basah b i j i kakao dan mengandung g u l a s e k i t a r 10
-a t a15n e% t asehingga
@a ?l: digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembun o l . Pene$ i t i a n i n 1 b e r t u - ~ u a nuntuk memanfaatkan
limbah c a i r a n p v l p kakao menjadi e t a n o l m e l a l u i a f e r m e n t a s i
sinambung menggunakan s e l Sacchar~mycesc e r e v z s z a e i m o b i l .
')
Disawipaikan pada 'seminar Bioteknologi Perkebwan dan Lokakarya Biopol imer Untuk Industri,
11 D e s e h r 1991.
PAU Bioteknologi IPB, Bogor, 10
-
2,
Staf Penel i t i Pvsat Peneli t i a n Perkebunan Bogor
3,
Staf l n s t i t u t Pertanian Bogor