LIST OF FIGURE
No Item
Pages 1.1
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4 2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8 2.9
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13 Application of solar
Energy Classification of
Renewable Energy Application of Solar
Energy Low temperature heat
collector High heat collector
Parabolic Dish system High Temperature
collector Photovoltaic cell
collector Solar pond
Stadium UTeM Melaka in Durian Tunggal
Stand cross-section of the DSB stadium
Graph of illuminance against irradiance for
Bangi, Malaysia Measured irradiance
and iluminance at Bangi, Malaysia
Graph of illuminance against irradiance for
2
6
10
16
17 17
18
19
20 23
24
26
26
27
2.14
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4 3.5
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
5.1
7.1 Shah Alam, Malaysia
Measured irradiance and iluminance at Shah
Alam, Malaysia Flow chart for Semester
1 Flow chart for Semester
2 Location of Stadium
UTeM view from satellite
Stadium UTeM Standalone Photovoltaic
system
Stand alone photovoltaic solar panel systems
Solar panel 3000Watt with tracking system
design Positioning of Solar
Energy System in Stadium UTeM
HOMER result window for Electrical
Bar chart of monthly average electric
production Daily workload demand
for Komleks Sukan UTeM
Solar Module system with auto tracking
system and Reflector Organic Solar
Concentrator 27
28
29
31
31 33
35
36
37
42
43
43
48
52
7.2
7.3
7.4 Organic Solar
Concentrator Solar Panel mechanism
Ventera’s 12kW Hybrid Energy System
FLOW-Wind Solar energy system
53
55
57
LIST OF SYMBOL AND ABBRREVIATIONS
CO2 Carbon dioxide
MW Mega Watt
USA United State of America
H2O Water
K Unit of temperature,Kelvin
PV Photovoltaic
PC Photochemical
PB Photobiological
H Hydrogen
MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
Solar energy is the utilization of the radiant energy from the sun. Solar power is used interchangeably with solar energy but refers more specifically to the conversion of
sunlight into electricity by photovoltaic and concentrating solar thermal devices, or by one of several experimental technologies such as thermoelectric converters, solar
chimneys and solar ponds. A study of using solar energy for stadium been introduced in this project to cut cost due to electricity cost that already rising up due to increment of
fuel price and operational cost. Solar energy as we know are clean, no pollution and environmental friendly. Its also can be converted or manipulated into another type of
energy. This idea is trying to conserve the solar energy into electricity and can be used anytime needed. But to realizing this must construct energy conserve or battery to reserve
electricity generated. But to build the system required a lot of money but give many benefits for the long term. The system want to be develop also must have potential to
been upgrade in the future if authority want to convert this system to the full scale solar power system, without electric power. This project also can be determined as a start of
such projects that dual purpose, to cut cost and reduce of using electricity power. The stadium design also played as a main character. Stadium share a common to another,
which is less roof and have a great area of pedestrian walk. This area can been used to install the solar panel depend on how many power that we want to generate.
Figure 1: Application of solar Energy
1.2 Objective
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