Plant Regeneration of Pepper by Tissue Culture

poster 4

-

365

I~liCENEllASl'I'ANAMAN LADA MI1I.AlJI
KUL'rUR JARINCAN')
I'LANT REGENERATION OF I'EI'PER
Deden Sukmadjaja,

'

I.

BY 'I'ISSUE CUL'I'UIIE

X a r i s k a dan

E.

Gati

T i s s u e c u l t u r e i n p a p p e r ( P i p e r n i g r u m ) c a n be u s e d
i n m u l t i p l i c a t i o n o f n e w or i n t r o d u c e d v a r i e t i e s and t o
p r o v i d e i n v i t r o c u l t u r e for other r e s e a r c h s u c h a s
p r o t o p l a s t c u l t u r e . A series c u l t u r e o f l a t e r a l b u d s and
leaf tissues.
The f i r s t e x p e r i m e n t was c a r r y o u t t o
i n d u c e shoot g r o w t h and m u l t i p l i c a t i o n d e r i v e d
from
l a t e r a l b u d s . T h e e x p l a n t was p l a n l e t o n b a s a l m e d i a ( N S ,
MS
1 / 2 and MS 1 / 4 1 which w a s r e s p e c t i v e l y e n r i c h e d w t i h
the c o m b i n a t i o n of BaP ( 0 . 1 ; 0 . 5 ; 1 . 0 ; 3 . 0 and 5 . 0
mg/lJ
w i t h I D A ( 0 . 1 and 1 . 0 f n g / l ) . T h e s e c o n d e x p e r i f r r e n t was
c a r r y o u t t o i n d u c e r o o t g r o w t h b y a p p l y i n g I B A (0.0; 0 . 1 ;
0 . 5 ; and 1 . 0 m q / l ) and I A A ( 0 . 1 and 1 . 0 111(1/1). T h e
third
e x p e r i m e n t t r i e d t o produce p l a n l e t from l e a f t i s s u e s .

The t i s s u e was c u l t u r e d i n t h e media e n r i c h e d w i t h 2 . 4
D
a t t h e c o n c e n t r a t i o n o f 1 . 0 ; 2 . 0 ; 4 . 0 and 0 . 0 h g / l a n d BAP
o f 0 . 0 ; 1 . 0 ; 5 . 0 and 10.0 m g / l . R e s u l t s h o w e d t h h t MS or
M S 1 / 2 a s b a s a l media d i d n o t a f f e c t t h e number o f
shoots
produced.
T h e u s e 02 B A o f 20.0 111g/l t e n d e d t o i n h i b i t
t h e g r o w t h o f m u i t i p l e s h o o t and l e a v e s o f the c u l t u r e .
The
application
d iffereht
auxine2
at
different
c o n c e n t r a t i o n s would a f f e c t the g r o w t h o f r o o t s .
R~N$&SAN

K u l t u r j a r i n g a n pada t a n a m a n l a d a ( P i p e r nigrurrr L . )
d i p a k a i u n t u k membantu m e n y e d i a k a n b a h a n t a n a m a n t e r u t a m a

d a r i v a r i e t a s / k l o n u n g g u l yang b a r u d i l e p s s a t a u d i i n t r o d u k s i s e r t a u n t u k p e n y e d i a a n b i a k a n i n v i t r o yang b e r g u n a
b a g i t u j u a n p e n e l i t i a n k u l t u r jaringan
lainnya seperti
p e r b a i k a n tanaman ( m e l a l u i k u l t u r d a n f u s i p r o t o p l a s t ) .
P e r l a k u a n macam m e d i a d a s a r yang t e r d i r i d a r i MS; MS 1 1 2
d a n MS 1 / 4 yanq B i t a m b a h a k a n k o m b i i n a s i z a t p e n g a t u r tumbuh
u ~ < ; l a ~ y > pad2
~ ~ r ~soifinar
n
~ t o t c r n o ~ a gPcrkcbui~ar\
t
aso 1 o t a ~ a 1Y J I I O P ~Imcr
I
u n t u ~l n d u ~ i r l
PAU B~oIckr)ologl IPB, Bogor, 10

2,

-

I 1 De5esbcr 1991.

Pusat Pcncl l t la" dan Pengfiilbangan tananinn Lndustrl

Poster

4

-

366

( 0 1, 0 . 5 , 1 . 0 , 3 . 0 a t a u 5 . 0 m q / l ) d e n q a n I B A ( 0 . 0 ,
0.1,
0 . 5 a t a u - l ; 0 mqfl.) d a n ~k ( 0 . 1 a t a u 1 m q / l )
untuk
menginduksi dan merangsangpertumbuhan a k a r .
selain i t u
t e l a h d i c o b a k a n p u l a p e n g g u n a a n b a h a n tanaman d a r i j a r i n g a n d a u n u n t u k d i r e q e n e r a s i k a n m e n j a d i tanaman p a d a m e d i a
tumbuh yanq d i p e r k a y a dengan 2.,4 D . ( 1 . 0 , 2 . 0 , 4..0 d a n 8 . 0

m c j / l ) d a n BAP ( 0 , ' 1 . 0 , 5 . 0 a t a u 1 0 . 0 m q / l ) .
Hasil penelit i a n menunjukkan perbeda-an yang n y a t a t e r h a d a p j u m l a h t u n a s d a n daun y a n g d i h a s i l k a n .
Pengqunaan BA k o n s e n t r a s i
t i n g g i ( 1 0 m g / l ) c e n d e r u n q menqhambat pembentukan t u n a s
q a n d a d a n pertumbuhan daun.
Pengqunaan j e n i s d a n k o n s e n t r a s i a u x i n a k a n mempenqaruhi pertumbuhan d a n . p e m b e n t u k a n
a k a r ; Penqqunaan I B A c e n d e r u n q memberikan p e n a m p i l a n akar
yanq b a i k d e n g a n j u m l a h y a n q c u k u p banyak d i b a n d i n g t a n p a
IBA.
Sedanqkan pengqunaan NA+ m e n q h a s i l k a n p e n a m p i l a n
a k a r . yanq k u r a n q b a i k ' ( a b n o r m a 1 ) .
Penggunaan j a r i n g a n
D yanq
d a u n s e b a q a i . e k s p l a n pada k o m b i n a s i BA d a n 2 . 4
d i c o b a k a n umumnya d a p a t membentuk k a l u s , t e t a p i m a s i h s u k a r b e r e q e n e r a s i m e n j a d i tanaman l e n g k a p .
BAP

Tanaman

l a d a ' ( p i p e r n i y r u m L . ) merupakan s a l a h

satu

*tanaman rempah yanq mempunyai p e r a n a n c u k u p p e n t i n q

bagi

Indonesia.

B e r b a g a i updya t e l a h d i l a k u k a n d a l a m u s a h a m e -

n i n q k a t k a n p r o d u k t i v i t a s tanaman l a d a . D i a n t a r a n y a m e l a l u i pengqunaan v a r i e t a s d a n bahan tanaman ( b i b i t ) y a n g d i an jurkan.
Dalam u s a h a p e n y e d i a a n b i b i t . t e n t u n y a a k a n m e n j a d i
masalah j i k a d i p e r l u k a n b i b i t . d a l a m jumlah yanq banyak danbebas d a r i penyakit.

~ e r u t a m ij i k a d i p e r l u k a n t a n a m a n @a-

r i - v a r i e t a s p k l o n u n q g u l yang d i a n j u r k a,n ..'
Saat

.
,.

.
,

.

, ,

:

.

. .

.

i n i teknologi kultur jaringan dapat
.,

diharapkan

.

L

. ~~

peranannya.'. dtilam u s a h a membantu 'masalah t e r s , e b u t d i
...

.

atas

dengan b e b e r a p a k e l n t u nga n, a n t a r a l a i n l e b i h c e p a t , b e b a s
. ,.
... , . .
.

d a r . i . p e ~ n y a k i t , hem'at dalam pkniakaian biha;t t a n a m a n d a n
,

,

a r e a l s e r t a t i d a k t e r q a n t u n q d a r i musim.

.

Penqqunaan

tek-

n i k k u l t u r j a r i n g a n akan l e b i h d i r a s a k a n m a n f a a t n y a d a l a m
membantu p e n y e d i a a n bahan tanaman d a r i tanaman y a n q b a r u
d i i n t r o d u k s i a t a u v a r i e t a s / k l o n u n g q u l yang b a r u

dilepas.