The Types of Research Research Strategy Data collection

CHAPTER 3. RESEARCH METHOD

This chapter explains the method which is used to do the research. Method is a guideline to analyze data accurately and to produce the good results. This chapter consists of five parts which include the type of research, research strategy, the data collection, the data processing and the data analysis. Those parts will be discussed further as follows:

3.1 The Types of Research

This research applies mixed methods research by combining qualitative and quantitative research. Quantitative research serves the analysis of data in the form of number. According to Mackey and Gass 2005: 2, quantitative research generally starts with an experimental design in which a hypothesis is followed by the quantification of data and some sort of numerical analysis is carried out. This research uses quantitative data to count the amount of talk in the form of words based on particular topics of conversation that are spoken by men or women in Legally Blonde’s movie script. Qualitative research serves the analysis of data in the form of interpretation or description. According to Mackey and Gass 2005:162, qualitative research is a research that is based on descriptive data that does not make regular use of statistical procedures. The qualitative research is used to describe the kinds of conversational topics selected by men and women in the Legally Blonde’s movie script.

3.2 Research Strategy

The strategy of doing this research is by using a mixed methods strategy. According to Denscombe 2007:107, a mixed methods strategy is one that uses both qualitative and quantitative methods. The qualitative method is applied to analyse the conversational topics, while the quantitative method is applied to count the amount of talk in the form of words spoken by particular characters in Legally Blonde’s movie script.

3.3 Data collection

This research belongs to library research, not field research. Library research means that in collecting data, the data are collected from written sources. It uses the books, journals, papers, articles, and other written documents which are taken from the internet as the sources in conducting the research. Kothari 2004:7 states that ―library research is used for the analysis of historical records and the analysis of written documents, for example by recording of notes, content analysis, tape and film listening and analysis.‖ One of the techniques of library research is the recording of film, therefore this study uses movie script as the written source to be analysed further. This research applies documentary technique as the method of collecting data. According to Blaxter et al., document is using written materials as a basis of research Blaxter, 2006:154. According to Denscombe, there are many kinds of document such as all the available written sources that can be taken from newspapers, magazines, records of meeting, letters, website pages, internet, diaries and so forth Denscombe, 2007: 228-230. The following steps to collect the data: 1. The study uses Legally Blonde’s movie script as the data to analyse the conversational topics. The movie script was written by Lutz and Smith 2000. It was downloaded from http:www.dailyscript.comscriptslegallblonde- shooting.pdf. 2. The data are taken by using purposive sampling. According to Denscombe 2007:17, Purposive sampling is the term which is applied to those situations where the researcher already knows something about the specific people or events and deliberately selects particular ones because they are seen as instances that are likely to produce the most valuable data. There are 47 scenes in movie script, but only 11 dialogues that consist of 1.595 words are analysed. The specific dialogues in the movie script are analysed because they are relevant with the topic of the investigation. This means that the data produces particular conversational topics in which the conversations spoken by men and women which are only conducted in mixed sex interactions. 3. The dialogues spoken by the characters are collected from three women and six men. The men are Warner, Donovan, Emmett, Dewey, David, and Ivan. The women are Elle, Enid, and Brooke. Those characters are selected because they produce dialogues that represent the conversational topics in mixed sex interactions.

3.4 Data processing