AN ANALYSIS OF DORIAN GRAY’S ANTI AGING ON OLIVER PARKER’S THE PICTURE OF DORIAN GRAY’S FILM
AN ANALYSIS OF DORIAN GRAY’S ANTI AGING ON OLIVER
PARKER’S ‘’THE PICTURE OF DORIAN GRAY’’ FILM
THESIS
By:
EKA HARJAYANTI
201010100311092
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2015
AN ANALYSIS OF DORIAN GRAY’S ANTI AGING ON OLIVER
PARKER’S ‘’THE PICTURE OF DORIAN GRAY’’ FILM
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to fulfil one of the requirements to achieve
Sarjana degree in English Education
By:
EKA HARJAYANTI
201010100311092
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2015
MOTTO AND DEDICATIONS
‘’…Allah will rise up to (suitable ranks (and degree), those of you
who believe and who have knowledge…’’
(Q.S. al Mujaddah: 11)
DEDICATION
I dedicate this thesis to:
My beloved father in heaven,
My beloved mother,
My sister,
Ari Suhardianto, and
All of my best friends.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL
iii
LEGALIZATION
iv
MOTTO AND DEDICATIONS
v
ABSTRACT
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
viii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1
1.2 Statement of the Problems
4
1.3 The Purpose of the Study
4
1.4 Significance of the Study
4
1.5 Scope and Limitation
5
1.6 Definition of Key Terms
5
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1Film as Literary Work
7
2.2 Film Genre
8
2.3 Element of Film
11
2.3.1 Character
11
2.3.2 Conflict
13
2.3.3 Setting
14
2.3.4 Plot
15
2.4 Aging
2.4.1 Causes of Aging
15
16
2.5 Anti Aging
16
2.6 To Do Anti Aging
20
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design
23
3.2 Research Approach
24
3.3 Research Object
25
3.4 Data Collection
25
3.5 Data Analysis
26
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Research Findings
27
4.1.1 Dorian Gray’s Anti Aging found in the ‘’The Picture of Dorian
Gray’’ Film
27
4.1.2 Dorian’s Effort to Get Anti Aging in the ‘’The Picture of Dorian
Gray’’ Film
30
4.1.2.1 Dorian did an exchange to eternal Life
31
4.1.2.2 Dorian acted like young people to maintain his antiaging
4.1.3 The Effects of Dorian’s Anti Aging to Himself
32
34
4.1.3.1 Admired by many women
34
4.1.3.2 Influenced by hedonism
35
4.2 Discussion
37
4.3 Lessons
38
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1 Conclusion
39
5.2 Suggestions
40
REFERRENCES
APPENDIX I
REFERENCES
Abrams, M. H and Geofrey Harpham G. 2008. A Glossary of Literary Terms (9th
Edition). US: Wadsworth publisher.
Ary, Donald. 2010. Introduction to Research in Education (Eighth Edition). USA:
WADSWORTH CENGAGE Learning.
Barry, Peter. 2009. Theory (An Introduction to Literary and Cultural Theory).
Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Bennett, Andrew and Nicolas Royle. 2004. An Introduction to Literature Criticism
and Theory (3rd Edition). UK: Longman.
Bordwell, David and Kristin, Thompson. 2008. Film Art (An Introduction). New
York: McGraw-Hill.
Braudy, Leo and Marshal Cohel. 2009. Film Theory and Criticism (7th Edition). New
York: Oxford University Press.
Eagleton, Terry. 2008. Literary Theory: an Introduction (Anniversary Edition).
Minneapolish: University of Minnesota Press.
Goldsmith, Theodore C. 2014. The Evolution of Aging. Azinet Press.
Jones, Jr, Edward H. 1968. Outlines of Literature; short story, novels, and poems,
New York: The Macmillan Company
Klarel, Mario. 2004. An Introduction to Literature Studies. London: Routledge.
Macmillan. 1984. Understanding Literature. New York: Macmillan Publishing
Company.
Neale, Steve. 2000. Genre and Hollywood. New York: Routledge.
Schmidt, Crockett, and Bogarad. 2006. Legacies: Fiction, Poetry, Drama, Nonfiction.
Boston: Thomson.
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Chapter I of this research presents such topics as: background of study,
statement of problem, purpose of study, significance of study, scope and
limitation, and definition of key terms. Each section is presented as follows.
1.1 Background of study
Literature is concerned with daily life. It means that literature is always
related with human expressions, feelings, and activities, for example falling down,
sad, friendship, and others. Those kinds of example are reflections of human life
in their real life and they are always faced every day. It can be seen from the
literary work that often we see, for instance, Titanic directed by James Cameron in
1997, is a popular movie adapted by true story. It is a film about drama romantic
which shows the expression of mutual love of two main characters, there are also
many feelings that can be delivered to the audience by the story, the way of the
main character in fight for their love is the action that will be done by someone in
real life.
Pope (2002:7) stated that literature is united with the materials and
methods of reading and writing. Therefore, in a long time literature is always
connected with reading and writing. In the other page, Pope also defined that,
nowadays, the society now knows if literature is not only how words are read
from the page but also how the whole worlds of sight and sound recorded; and
one of the productions is film.
Literature is the exciting discussion that gives us some new experiences
because it contains of human’s feeling, human’s life, love, etc. Studying literature
1
gives many advantages. For instance, the literature gives valuable information
related to value of life, supports the enrichment of language use, broadens the
mind about life, and widens the knowledge of foreign culture, depending on the
understanding of human nature and human affair. Literary work is hoped to give
the reader moral lessons and good effect in daily life. As defined by Hartiningsih
(2001:5) stated that, our emotional and intellectual involvement and also our
response to the story by reading literary works. It means that by reading literary
works, the readers will get involve in the conflict experienced by the characters.
Another benefit in reading literature is that it offers the readers an experience.
Film as one of some kinds of literary work is made to be seen and heard, to
appeal to our visual and aural senses. As defined by Bordwell and Thompson
(2008:3) stated that, many things that we can get from films like, communicate
information and ideas, and they show us places and ways of life we might not
otherwise know. Films offer us ways of seeing and feeling that we find deeply
gratifying. Like any art form, however, films are also meant to be felt and
understood, to appeal to our emotions and minds. One of the best ways to
determine whether a film has succeeded in any or all of these goals is to analyze
the elements that make up the whole work. Just like the poetry, film has many
devotees. That is why some producers compete in a race to make a work that can
attract the attention of the audiences. Many films have been created with several
different topics course with various kinds of conflict, such as love, friendship,
war, crime, mystery, religion, etc. Also, there is Anti-aging, the general
phenomenon that appears as a human selfishness.
2
The film in this study is directed by Oliver Parker entitled The Picture of
Dorian Gray. Oliver parker's film is adopted from Oscar Wilde's novel in 1890
and is the latest version of which had been made in 1945 by Albert Lewin. The
film tells about the main character’s story (Dorian Gray) who was mysteriously
not getting older even looks still young as the time goes.
Anti aging is the main conflict which is causing many problems in this
film. It is contradictory to the human nature where every human will essentially
get old and end up with the death. As defined by Goldsmith (2014:159) stated
that, anti-aging is a very contradictory situation that commonly occurs with aging.
If aging causes damage that is irreversible, then a theoretically perfect anti-aging
could halt further damage but could not reverse the damage that had already
occurred. Every human being will continue to ripen as running and increasing
time. Hayflick (2004) stated that, belief that becoming old is undesirable is the
based of the notion that aging requires treatment. Aging is a negative term
because it connotes deterioration even death.
Considering the background above, the writer is interested in conducting a
literary study entitled ‘’Analysis of Dorian Gray’s Anti Aging on Oliver Parker’s
‘’The Picture of Dorian Gray’’ Film’’. The anti aging problem which is facing by
Dorian Gray on The Picture of Dorian Gray film is the main concern that can be
learned. It is interesting to be discussed because the anti aging problem of the
main character, who is Dorian Gray, is based of the greed and egoism which is
related to human lives in the real life. The anti aging which is influencing the
main character gives the moral value to the audiences, that every actions which
are done by the main character to fulfill his obsession of anti aging will bring the
3
bad impact not only for his surrounding but also for he himself. This is the
background as well as the reason why this thesis focuses on analyzing the anti
aging of the main character.
1.2 Statement of Problem
Based on the background of the study presented above, the problems that
are investigated are follows:
1. What was Dorian Gray’s anti aging on Oliver Parker’s film ‘’The Picture of
Dorian Gray’’?
2. How did Dorian Gray do anti aging on Oliver Parker’s film ‘’The Picture of
Dorian Gray’’?
3. What was the effect of Dorian Gray’s anti aging to himself on Oliver Parker’s
film ‘’The Picture of Dorian Gray’’?
1.3 Purpose of Study
The purpose of this study is to find out the answer of the problems which
have been stated. The purposes are formulated as follows:
1. To find out what anti aging used by Dorian Gray on Oliver Parker’s film ‘’The
Picture of Dorian Gray’’, so that made him still looked young.
2. To describe how Dorian Gray’s anti aging worked on Oliver Parker’s film
‘’The Picture of Dorian Gray’’ while his life.
3. To explain the effect of Dorian Gray’s anti aging on Oliver Parker’s film ‘’The
Picture of Dorian Gray’’ to his life.
1.4 Significance of Study
Every research must have its dedication. Generally, it is hoped that the
result of this study is expected to give contribution to the educational field,
especially the teaching of English as a foreign language.
4
Specifically, this study is expected to be useful for English Department
students of University of Muhammadiyah Malang as one of the references in
analyzing literary works, especially film. It is hoped that the result of this study is
expected to give significant contribution to other students who want to analyze
film. It is also expected to be an input for lecturers who teach literature course and
for anyone who likes literature as well.
1.5 Scope and Limitation
There are many subject matters that can be discussed in this film, such as
the experience of the main character, the characteristic of the main character,
conflicts, theme, plot, point of view, characterized, lesson, etc. In this study, the
scope is Dorian Gray’s anti aging. It limits on the reason and effect of Dorian
Gray’s anti aging.
1.6 Definition of Key Terms
The definition of key terms given in this study aims to avoid
misconceptions used. The terms which are necessary to be defined are as follows:
- Analysis is the investigation on event or story to know what causes, how the
problems happen (Poerdarminta 1992, in Alpiyah, 2000)
- Anti aging is the condition where aging causes damage that is irreversible, and
theoretically anti aging can be desisted from further damage but could not
reverse the damage that had already occurred (Goldsmith, 2014). Anti aging in
this study is related to the main character’s condition who did not grow old and
always looked young in unnatural way.
- Film is motion pictures that give information and idea which are driven by
stories, characters, and it might also develop an idea or explore visual qualities
or sound textures’’ (Bordwell and Thompson, 2008).
5
- The Picture of Dorian Gray is the title of the film that would be studied by the
researcher. The film which dealt in this study is directed by Oliver Parker
entitled The Picture of Dorian Gray. Oliver parker's film is adopted from Oscar
Wilde's novel in1891 and is the latest version of which had been made in 1945
by Albert Lewin.
- Dorian Gray is one of the main characters in the story of the film ‘’The Picture
of Dorian Gray’’.
6
PARKER’S ‘’THE PICTURE OF DORIAN GRAY’’ FILM
THESIS
By:
EKA HARJAYANTI
201010100311092
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2015
AN ANALYSIS OF DORIAN GRAY’S ANTI AGING ON OLIVER
PARKER’S ‘’THE PICTURE OF DORIAN GRAY’’ FILM
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to fulfil one of the requirements to achieve
Sarjana degree in English Education
By:
EKA HARJAYANTI
201010100311092
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2015
MOTTO AND DEDICATIONS
‘’…Allah will rise up to (suitable ranks (and degree), those of you
who believe and who have knowledge…’’
(Q.S. al Mujaddah: 11)
DEDICATION
I dedicate this thesis to:
My beloved father in heaven,
My beloved mother,
My sister,
Ari Suhardianto, and
All of my best friends.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL
iii
LEGALIZATION
iv
MOTTO AND DEDICATIONS
v
ABSTRACT
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
viii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1
1.2 Statement of the Problems
4
1.3 The Purpose of the Study
4
1.4 Significance of the Study
4
1.5 Scope and Limitation
5
1.6 Definition of Key Terms
5
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1Film as Literary Work
7
2.2 Film Genre
8
2.3 Element of Film
11
2.3.1 Character
11
2.3.2 Conflict
13
2.3.3 Setting
14
2.3.4 Plot
15
2.4 Aging
2.4.1 Causes of Aging
15
16
2.5 Anti Aging
16
2.6 To Do Anti Aging
20
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design
23
3.2 Research Approach
24
3.3 Research Object
25
3.4 Data Collection
25
3.5 Data Analysis
26
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Research Findings
27
4.1.1 Dorian Gray’s Anti Aging found in the ‘’The Picture of Dorian
Gray’’ Film
27
4.1.2 Dorian’s Effort to Get Anti Aging in the ‘’The Picture of Dorian
Gray’’ Film
30
4.1.2.1 Dorian did an exchange to eternal Life
31
4.1.2.2 Dorian acted like young people to maintain his antiaging
4.1.3 The Effects of Dorian’s Anti Aging to Himself
32
34
4.1.3.1 Admired by many women
34
4.1.3.2 Influenced by hedonism
35
4.2 Discussion
37
4.3 Lessons
38
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1 Conclusion
39
5.2 Suggestions
40
REFERRENCES
APPENDIX I
REFERENCES
Abrams, M. H and Geofrey Harpham G. 2008. A Glossary of Literary Terms (9th
Edition). US: Wadsworth publisher.
Ary, Donald. 2010. Introduction to Research in Education (Eighth Edition). USA:
WADSWORTH CENGAGE Learning.
Barry, Peter. 2009. Theory (An Introduction to Literary and Cultural Theory).
Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Bennett, Andrew and Nicolas Royle. 2004. An Introduction to Literature Criticism
and Theory (3rd Edition). UK: Longman.
Bordwell, David and Kristin, Thompson. 2008. Film Art (An Introduction). New
York: McGraw-Hill.
Braudy, Leo and Marshal Cohel. 2009. Film Theory and Criticism (7th Edition). New
York: Oxford University Press.
Eagleton, Terry. 2008. Literary Theory: an Introduction (Anniversary Edition).
Minneapolish: University of Minnesota Press.
Goldsmith, Theodore C. 2014. The Evolution of Aging. Azinet Press.
Jones, Jr, Edward H. 1968. Outlines of Literature; short story, novels, and poems,
New York: The Macmillan Company
Klarel, Mario. 2004. An Introduction to Literature Studies. London: Routledge.
Macmillan. 1984. Understanding Literature. New York: Macmillan Publishing
Company.
Neale, Steve. 2000. Genre and Hollywood. New York: Routledge.
Schmidt, Crockett, and Bogarad. 2006. Legacies: Fiction, Poetry, Drama, Nonfiction.
Boston: Thomson.
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Chapter I of this research presents such topics as: background of study,
statement of problem, purpose of study, significance of study, scope and
limitation, and definition of key terms. Each section is presented as follows.
1.1 Background of study
Literature is concerned with daily life. It means that literature is always
related with human expressions, feelings, and activities, for example falling down,
sad, friendship, and others. Those kinds of example are reflections of human life
in their real life and they are always faced every day. It can be seen from the
literary work that often we see, for instance, Titanic directed by James Cameron in
1997, is a popular movie adapted by true story. It is a film about drama romantic
which shows the expression of mutual love of two main characters, there are also
many feelings that can be delivered to the audience by the story, the way of the
main character in fight for their love is the action that will be done by someone in
real life.
Pope (2002:7) stated that literature is united with the materials and
methods of reading and writing. Therefore, in a long time literature is always
connected with reading and writing. In the other page, Pope also defined that,
nowadays, the society now knows if literature is not only how words are read
from the page but also how the whole worlds of sight and sound recorded; and
one of the productions is film.
Literature is the exciting discussion that gives us some new experiences
because it contains of human’s feeling, human’s life, love, etc. Studying literature
1
gives many advantages. For instance, the literature gives valuable information
related to value of life, supports the enrichment of language use, broadens the
mind about life, and widens the knowledge of foreign culture, depending on the
understanding of human nature and human affair. Literary work is hoped to give
the reader moral lessons and good effect in daily life. As defined by Hartiningsih
(2001:5) stated that, our emotional and intellectual involvement and also our
response to the story by reading literary works. It means that by reading literary
works, the readers will get involve in the conflict experienced by the characters.
Another benefit in reading literature is that it offers the readers an experience.
Film as one of some kinds of literary work is made to be seen and heard, to
appeal to our visual and aural senses. As defined by Bordwell and Thompson
(2008:3) stated that, many things that we can get from films like, communicate
information and ideas, and they show us places and ways of life we might not
otherwise know. Films offer us ways of seeing and feeling that we find deeply
gratifying. Like any art form, however, films are also meant to be felt and
understood, to appeal to our emotions and minds. One of the best ways to
determine whether a film has succeeded in any or all of these goals is to analyze
the elements that make up the whole work. Just like the poetry, film has many
devotees. That is why some producers compete in a race to make a work that can
attract the attention of the audiences. Many films have been created with several
different topics course with various kinds of conflict, such as love, friendship,
war, crime, mystery, religion, etc. Also, there is Anti-aging, the general
phenomenon that appears as a human selfishness.
2
The film in this study is directed by Oliver Parker entitled The Picture of
Dorian Gray. Oliver parker's film is adopted from Oscar Wilde's novel in 1890
and is the latest version of which had been made in 1945 by Albert Lewin. The
film tells about the main character’s story (Dorian Gray) who was mysteriously
not getting older even looks still young as the time goes.
Anti aging is the main conflict which is causing many problems in this
film. It is contradictory to the human nature where every human will essentially
get old and end up with the death. As defined by Goldsmith (2014:159) stated
that, anti-aging is a very contradictory situation that commonly occurs with aging.
If aging causes damage that is irreversible, then a theoretically perfect anti-aging
could halt further damage but could not reverse the damage that had already
occurred. Every human being will continue to ripen as running and increasing
time. Hayflick (2004) stated that, belief that becoming old is undesirable is the
based of the notion that aging requires treatment. Aging is a negative term
because it connotes deterioration even death.
Considering the background above, the writer is interested in conducting a
literary study entitled ‘’Analysis of Dorian Gray’s Anti Aging on Oliver Parker’s
‘’The Picture of Dorian Gray’’ Film’’. The anti aging problem which is facing by
Dorian Gray on The Picture of Dorian Gray film is the main concern that can be
learned. It is interesting to be discussed because the anti aging problem of the
main character, who is Dorian Gray, is based of the greed and egoism which is
related to human lives in the real life. The anti aging which is influencing the
main character gives the moral value to the audiences, that every actions which
are done by the main character to fulfill his obsession of anti aging will bring the
3
bad impact not only for his surrounding but also for he himself. This is the
background as well as the reason why this thesis focuses on analyzing the anti
aging of the main character.
1.2 Statement of Problem
Based on the background of the study presented above, the problems that
are investigated are follows:
1. What was Dorian Gray’s anti aging on Oliver Parker’s film ‘’The Picture of
Dorian Gray’’?
2. How did Dorian Gray do anti aging on Oliver Parker’s film ‘’The Picture of
Dorian Gray’’?
3. What was the effect of Dorian Gray’s anti aging to himself on Oliver Parker’s
film ‘’The Picture of Dorian Gray’’?
1.3 Purpose of Study
The purpose of this study is to find out the answer of the problems which
have been stated. The purposes are formulated as follows:
1. To find out what anti aging used by Dorian Gray on Oliver Parker’s film ‘’The
Picture of Dorian Gray’’, so that made him still looked young.
2. To describe how Dorian Gray’s anti aging worked on Oliver Parker’s film
‘’The Picture of Dorian Gray’’ while his life.
3. To explain the effect of Dorian Gray’s anti aging on Oliver Parker’s film ‘’The
Picture of Dorian Gray’’ to his life.
1.4 Significance of Study
Every research must have its dedication. Generally, it is hoped that the
result of this study is expected to give contribution to the educational field,
especially the teaching of English as a foreign language.
4
Specifically, this study is expected to be useful for English Department
students of University of Muhammadiyah Malang as one of the references in
analyzing literary works, especially film. It is hoped that the result of this study is
expected to give significant contribution to other students who want to analyze
film. It is also expected to be an input for lecturers who teach literature course and
for anyone who likes literature as well.
1.5 Scope and Limitation
There are many subject matters that can be discussed in this film, such as
the experience of the main character, the characteristic of the main character,
conflicts, theme, plot, point of view, characterized, lesson, etc. In this study, the
scope is Dorian Gray’s anti aging. It limits on the reason and effect of Dorian
Gray’s anti aging.
1.6 Definition of Key Terms
The definition of key terms given in this study aims to avoid
misconceptions used. The terms which are necessary to be defined are as follows:
- Analysis is the investigation on event or story to know what causes, how the
problems happen (Poerdarminta 1992, in Alpiyah, 2000)
- Anti aging is the condition where aging causes damage that is irreversible, and
theoretically anti aging can be desisted from further damage but could not
reverse the damage that had already occurred (Goldsmith, 2014). Anti aging in
this study is related to the main character’s condition who did not grow old and
always looked young in unnatural way.
- Film is motion pictures that give information and idea which are driven by
stories, characters, and it might also develop an idea or explore visual qualities
or sound textures’’ (Bordwell and Thompson, 2008).
5
- The Picture of Dorian Gray is the title of the film that would be studied by the
researcher. The film which dealt in this study is directed by Oliver Parker
entitled The Picture of Dorian Gray. Oliver parker's film is adopted from Oscar
Wilde's novel in1891 and is the latest version of which had been made in 1945
by Albert Lewin.
- Dorian Gray is one of the main characters in the story of the film ‘’The Picture
of Dorian Gray’’.
6