vii
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK 97
5.1 Conclusion
97 5.2
Future work 98
REFERENCES 99
– 103
2.1 The Component Used on Airbus Series of Aircraft
12
2.2 Weight of Composite Used in Different Airbus
13 2.3
The Composite Component Used on Boeing Series Aircraft 14
2.4 Experimental Parameter for Drilling CFRP
28 2.5
Drill Bits with Various Shapes and Geometries 30
2.6 Parameter Condition
36 2.7
Parameter expectation for dagger drill 39
3.1 CFRP composite Aircraft
42
3.2 Tool Material properties Specification
43 3.3
Drill bit solid carbide after fabricate 55
4.1 The specification of experiment
62
4.2 Surface roughness result
63 4.3
Table ANOVA result for surface roughness 63
4.4 Optical Delamination result
66 4.5
Table ANOVA for delamination – inside
71 4.6
Table ANOVA for delamination – outside
79 4.7
Data Design expert 85
4.8 Table ANOVA result for cutting force
89 4.9
Table constraints experiment 92
4.10 Table solution for selected tool parameter
92 4.11
Validation for tool point angle 110º, 5 facet 93
LIST OF TABLES
viii
1.1 Defect after drilling CFRP composite
3
2.1 Continuous Reinforcement Include Unidirectional,
Woven Cloth, and Helical Winding 7
2.2 Composite in Transport Aircraft TU-204
9 2.3
Value of Composite Weight 9
2.4 Boeing 787 Dreamliner Comercial Airplanes 50 Composite Structure 10
2.5 The Comparison Plot to Find Weight Saving with
Respect to Type of Aircraft 10
2.6 The Composite Material was Used in Fin Leading Edge and
Other Glass Fibre Fairing Panels. 11
2.7 Composite Used for Different Part of A-340 Aircraft
13 2.8
Composite Used for Different Part of B-777 Aircraft 15
2.9 Composite Materials Application on Airbus A320
16 2.10
Example of composite damage 17
2.11 Application of composite in airframe growing
18 2.12
Composite use since 1975 - 2010 18
2.13 Classification of Delamination
20 2.14
Drilling Induced Damage 20
2.15 Experimental setup for drilling of CFRP
22 2.16
a twist drill, b brad drill, c dagger drill, d step drill. 27
2.17 Other type of Drill Geometry Brad and Spur Drill
29 2.18
The Effect of Large Point Angle top and Small Point Angle bottom On The Potential for
Creating Burrs at Drill Breakthrough 33
2.19 Quantification of Delamination
33 2.20
Trouble result after Making Hole 34
2.21 Others Result of Drilling CFRP
33 2.22
A poor Quality Hole 35
LIST OF FIGURES
ix
2.23 A Good Quality Hole
35 2.24
Drills, Twist 120˚, Twist 85˚, Brad, Dagger, Step 37
2.25 Feed Rate Effect on Maximum Thrust Force
38 2.26
Last Ply Thrust Force Comparison 38
2.27 Feed Rate Influence On Hole Surface Roughness
39 2.28
Result Expectation CFRP Composite 40
3.1 Technical documentation of tool grinding machine
