buku saku TENSE
LEARNING LEARNING TENSES EASILY Created By :
TENSES
Tense means time. But time was different from tense. Time refers to now, past and future. Tense was a verb from or series of verb forms.
It function as the following :
To indicate wheather an action was in the past, present or future
To indicate whether an action was complete or not
To indicate whether an action was in progres or not m T te th se
: er ee h n are r
n
ai s e1. The present tense
2. The past tense
3. The future tense
m A fo fo ea ha n
r u
c r h d: s
1. The simple
2. The continous
3. The perfect
1. PRESENT
S + V1 SI
Example : M
I eat PL
He study E
The simple present tense is used : US
To express a habitual action (every day action) A
Ex : I eat rice every day
G
To denote unchanging truth about the universe or nature E
S + to be (am/is/are) + Ving C
PR
O
ES Example :
N
TI I am eating
EN
N
He is studying O
T
US
It is used to denote an action which is still in progress at the moment of speaking :
US
When an action begins and when it will end is not
A
concerned about Ex : He is studying grammar now
G
E
Can also be used for an action in the ammediate
S + Have/Has + V3
PR
PE
ES Example :
RF
I have eaten EC
EN
He has studied T
T
It is used to denote that an action which happend at an indefinite time in the past is complete at the moment of speaking When we use the present perfect tense we are not interested in the
US
time in the past, but we want to say that the action is already
A
complete now Ex : I have already eaten this rice
G
They are also used for an action began in the past but it is still in
E
progress at the time of speaking
PR ES EN T PE RF EC T CO NT
IN OU S
US A G E S + Have/Has+Been+Ving
Example :
I have been eating
He has been studying
It is used to denote that an action which began in the past is still in progress now
Sometimes the present perfect continous tense is used to denote the fact that an action has been uninterrupted.
2. P A S T
SI M PL E US A G S + V2
Example :
I ate
He studied
It is used to denote an action which began and ended in the past, or to denote that an action happened, or finished at some time in the past.
Ex : He studied English
C O N TI N O US US A G E S + Was/Were + Ving
PA ST
Example :
I was eating
He was studying
The past continous tense was used to denote : That an action was still in progress at certain time in the past.
Ex : I was eating at nine o’clock last night The an action was unfinished when another action occured.
Ex : When I ate, Ahmad was studying. That two actions were in progress at the same time in the past.
Ex : While I was eating a rice, my brother was studying Grammar.
PA ST
PE RF EC T US A G E S + Had+ V3
Example :
I had eaten
He had studied
It is used to denote an action which is complete before a definite point of time in the past.
Ex : He had studied English, before He ate rice PE RF EC T CO NT
PA ST
IN OU S US AG E
S + Had + Been + Ving Example :
I had been eating
He had been studying
It is used to denote an action beginning in the past time and is still in progress at a certain time in the past also.
Ex : When Andi ate, Ahmad had been studying for one hours.
3. F U T U R E
SI M PL E US A G E S + Will/Shall + V1
Example :
I will eat
He will study
The future tense is used to denote an action happening in future.
Ex : I will eat at “The Cost” tomorrow with my friends
S + Will/Shall + Be + Ving C
FU
O
TU Example :
N
TI I will be eating
RE
N
He will be studying O US
It is used to denote an action which is still in progress at the certain time in the future.
US A Ex : Ahmad will be studying at this time tomorrow.
G E
FU TU RE
PE RF EC T US A G E S + Will/Shall + Have + V3
Example :
I will have eaten
He will have studied
It was used to denote an action that had been complete at the certain time in the future.
Ex : I will have studied before Andi eat. PE
S + Will/Shall + Have Been + Ving
FU RF EC TU
Example :
T CO
I will have been eating
RE NT
He will have been studying
IN OU S
It is used to express that an action had been still in progress at certain time in the future, while at the same we think of it as action beginning in the past.
US AG Ex : By the end of this year we will have been studying here
E four years.
The Easy Rule of Tenses Present S = S +
V1 C = S + To Be (am/is/are) + Ving P = S + Have/Has + V3 PC = S + Have/Has + Been + Ving Past S = S + V2 C = S + Was/Were + Ving P = S + Had + V3 PC = S + Had + Been + Ving
Future S = S + Will/Shall + V1 C = S + Will/Shall + Be + Ving