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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1 Overview
1.1 Background
In the advanced technology world, an increasing level of nanocoating has been achieved. There had been an introduction of antimicrobial coating in throughout the
industry, for instance in hospital working area. However, the application of the actual antimicrobial coating, specifically with Silver Titanium Oxide AgTiO
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is still under research and development. The addition of silver Ag to the titanium oxide TiO
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formula has been known for its antibacterial properties, and silver nanoparticles offer superior
antibacterial activity while being non-toxic. The importance of surface contamination is quite serious in the healthcare industry,
thus providing greater care for us to inhibit in such cleaner environment. These substrates, non-metallic or metallic material, has a capability to be contaminated with a handful of
bacteria. In most researches, these coatings demonstrated efficient antibacterial activity toward Escherichia coli E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus S. aureus. The antibacterial
property is important for hospitals and other public buildings that are prone to bacterial growth, a main cause of infection and disease.
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1.2 Role of Surfaces of Substrate
For years, researchers and scientists had believed the importance of surface in the pool of microbes implicated in the wide variety of hospital applied infections. The role of
surfaces of substrates used in healthcare industry and household applicants are widely known for its cleanliness. There are also other applications for metallic and non metallic
substrates of 316L stainless steel, glass, ceramics and acrylic. Many researchers have developed various methods to apply Titanium Oxides TiO
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coating on various substrates. Thus, TiO
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was deposited on ceramic, fiber glass,
glass and sand, quartz and stainless steel,
pebbles, activated carbon, polyester fabric using polyvinyl
alcohol as binder and Ti–TiO
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prepared by thermal as well as flame oxidation of Ti sheet, silica, polystyrene beads and cellulose-based non-woven supports, photocatalytic
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paper, pulp, and TiO
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coated cottoncellulose fibers Neti Joshi, 2010. These substrates were chosen based on their properties and significance of applications.
1.3 Thin films of AgTiO
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