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204. Derewianka 1990: 40 states: “the basic purpose of narrative are to entertain, i.e., gain and hole the reader’s interest in story”.
The generic structures of narrative consist of: Orientation
sets the scene and introduces the participants Evaluation
a stepping back to evaluate the plight Complication
a crisis arise Resolution
the crisis is resolved, for better or for worse Re-orientation
optional Gerot and Wignell, 1995: 204
Narrative text focuses on specific and individual participant. It usually uses material behavioral and verbal processes. It also uses relational processes,
mental processes, temporal conjunctions, and temporal circumstances. Relational processes involve states of being and having. For example:
1 Tom was an adventurous boy. Text 2
2 And actually, it has magical power. Text 2
There are many verbs which refer to mental processes, they are ‘heard’, ‘afraid’, ‘remembered’, and ‘looked’. The verbs that are used in narrative
monologue text type are past tense.
2.4.2.3 Recount
Hammond, 1992: 88 says that the social function of recount is to record events form the purpose of informing. Recount simply retells events in what
sequence, but they do not necessarily deal with the problem. The point of recount
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is to retell the events and to share the speaker’s appraisal of those events, so it is only for the purpose of informing and entertaining.
In other opinion, Derewianka 1990: 15 says, “in recount, we construct past experience. A recount is unfolding of a sequence of event overtime.” He also adds
that the purpose of recount is to tell what happened. Recount focuses on specific participants. In recount text, it usually uses verbs of action and the action
happened in the past tense. The important thing of the recount is using temporal connectives to indicate sequence of events. There are also circumstances of time
and place. In recount text, the generic structure of recount consists of: Orientation
information on the context of the recount Record of events
a record of events in temporal sequences Re- orientation
closure of events Coda
comments on
events The record of event stage comprises a series of events about a given field. It
usually involves a step-by-step progression which is given significantly by the interpersonal contribution that occurs throughout the text.
2.4.2.4 Anecdote
According to Hammond, the social function of anecdote is to share with others an account of unusual or amusing incident. Anecdote uses exlamative,
rhetorical questions and intensifiers to point up the significance of events. It also uses relational and mental processes to evaluated events.
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The generic structure of anecdote consists of: Abstract
signals the retelling of the unusual incidents Orientation
sets the scene Crisis
provides the detail of the unusual incidents Reaction
reaction to the crisis Coda
optional-reflection on or evaluation of the incidents Gerot and Wignell, 1995: 202
CHAPTER III METHOD OF INVESTIGATION
This chapter will describe in detail the method of investigation. It is divided into several parts. They are source of data, research design, procedure of collecting
data, procedure of analyzing data, and technique of reporting the result of the analysis.
3.1 Research Approach
