vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title i
Approval ii
Statement iii
Motto and dedication iv
Acknowledgement v
Abstract vi
Table of Content vii
List of Tables xi
List of Figures xii
List of Appendixes xiii
I. Introduction 1
1.1. Background
of the
Study 1
1.2. Statement
of the
Problem 5
1.3. Purpose
of the
Study 5
1.4. Significance
of the
Study 6
1.5. Notation
6
II. Review
of Related
Literatures 8
2.1. Speech
Function 8 2.1.1. Speech Function Classes in Casual Conversation
8 2.1.1.1.
Opening Moves
9
viii 2.1.1.1.1.
Attending Moves
11 2.1.1.1.2.
Initiating Moves
12 2.1.1.2.
Sustaining Moves
12 2.1.1.2.1.
Monitoring Moves 13
2.1.1.2.2. Prolonging
Moves 13 2.1.1.2.2.1.
Elaboration 14
2.1.1.2.2.2. Extension 14
2.1.1.2.2.3. Enhancement
15 2.1.1.2.3.
Appending Moves 15
2.1.1.3. Reacting Speech Function: Responding 16
2.1.1.3.1. Engaging
Moves 17
2.1.1.3.2. Registering
Moves 17
2.1.1.3.3. Replying
Moves 17
2.1.1.4. Reacting:
Rejoinder Moves 18
2.1.1.4.1. Tracking
Moves 19
2.1.1.4.1.1. Checking
Moves 19 2.1.1.4.1.2.
Confirming Moves
20 2.1.1.4.1.3.
Clarifying Moves 20
2.1.1.4.1.4. Probing
Moves 21
2.1.1.4.2. Challenging
Moves 21
2.2. The
importance of
Conversation 22
ix 2.3.
Conversation Analysis
25 2.4.
Structural Analysis
27 2.4.1.
Mood Types
28 2.5.
Kurikulum 2004
32 2.5.1. Philosophical Background
Kurikulum 2004
33 2.5.1.1.
Model of
Competency 34
2.5.1.2. Model
of Language
36 2.5.1.3.
Levels of
Literacy 40
2.5.1.4. Development of Linguistic Competence: from spoken to written 42
2.5.2. Patterns of Teaching Materials in Kurikulum 2004 44
2.5.3. Indicators of Speaking in Kurikulum 2004 48
III. Design of the Study 50
3.1. Method
of the
Study 50
3.2. Qualitative
Analysis 51
3.3. Quantitative
Analysis 53
3.4. Objects
of the
Study 55
3.5. Population
56 3.6.
Sampling 57
3.7. Unit
of Analysis
57 3.8.
Encoding the
Data 58
3.9. Encoding the Indicators of the Kurikulum 2004 59
x 3.10.
The Data
Analyzing 61
3.10.1. Structural
Analysis 62
3.10.2. Speech
Function Analysis
63 3.11.
Compatibility Levels
64
IV. FINDINGS AND THEIR INTERPRETATIONS 66
4.1. Books
One and
Book Two
66 4.2.
Results of
Analysis 67
4.2.1. Analysis
Results on
Book One
68 4.2.1.1. Total Calculation on Book One
79 4.2.2.
Analysis Results
on Book
Two 81
4.2.3. Total Calculation on Book Two 89
4.2.4. Total Calculation on Book One and Book Two 91
V. Conclusions and Suggestions 95
