The Contest for Market in Java during the 1930s Crisis, dalam Novi Anoegrajekti dkk (ed), Dinamika Budaya Indonesia dalam Pusaran Pasar Global
DINAMII(A BUDAYA
INDONESIA DALAM
PUSARAN PASAR
GTOBAL
Editor
sliNingsih
i-*
2014
DUR]N
TORMARKETI N
THBCONTEST
ugos CRISIS'AVA
PADAMASAKRISIS
PASARDI
PERXBTITAN
199o-AN
'AWA
holqdf tetle6Utri6hYorl.nber
lM haslongb€ena ontesrd lu.dtlre ma*er a6ons tie iorelsnsoods
prcducs.11. tEos.nsis nw andpaidon orchriee pFdud lnb th' mand
of JaE. nis ad.le disus* th. dtud tof mict ol Je b{]lven chlnge
andJapan.* relabd budns, Niftrk l merhodls *p ov€dheE ln olbcnng
Elent @ud m.led:ls,h6ndlingdldallvth. dataandinsv.rheizinsd€ 6uLt
rhisad. e dds latB.VurDnMsF.pef repotu andoh hitury inr'deG a
rtsmain$uEs, suppoftd bYorhtr ftlent se.ondarym*€dak Thesoak ol
rhe arti.le arc b iNsrisie hd the chine* c@dspendEted the mdket to
emlne shieeies enp oyedb pereh€ the m:'l€t, andto ehbodt howthe
budn63 6pond b lh. cnine* busine$th€at ll i! a'Iled
laFn6tEl,bd
rhat the 199G disC htr p@d th. My for rhe cf ina rud. pmdud b dpand
ri the hdon6iat ma'let of lM. Thedesle of rhe onsuneE ln lM ib. th€p
pp.tud bv
prie prcdud Ms a majorfdor The pendrinon 6
'onbrn'd
mal€tins frresls. fte hn e&andins chlnat impon lEde EGcd i'nou3
buin€s
@ndmsamongthelapan6e
cfi.lleng.sandb @E ihen .anle do
Ma*d. c sk, relaredbudne$
-ffiffiiffitr'tr,ffi
#ffi**ffi
tr{'n,*fl#$;",;
-*p;=;**'
fr,#h',il,,:#:#if
l*ltfi
'#H
29
Asso.iado lsorckat Dosonshton, sor) ln StEbd4 thlch lats ln 1912
naiion,finhMment oGaniato[
be@mehdonesia!fi6t masebased
seveblstudies
onshokh:m,2004:6,221
sarukatklah (raEon,1990:s3-57,
duri.g
rh. 19103
havauncovercdthe .ont.n fof ma.ld of laE .spedallv
.nri! (uem, 1ee5,Nawry:nb, 100e).
Jhe *e 1990sdhk sawan i eftniis d*lopmed ofrhe.ontestior
ma*et in lava, chlnat impon hde dpe.ienced 3 edarLble e&ansio'!
and €rsins
threatenl.g
the donlnan.eol lh. r,paneseindusnialprcduds,
budnesintedsln Indonesia
tbnPa3,
thd
newspaper
rcpoG
Evealr
6 Apil 2002).A 3rclt bodvor @ntenpoFry
th€rndonesran
mdk iwtrlnundahdbYalarle€iety of importsoodsfion
chinaesD.dalv siicerhehte 19905c sk.8utthercaE no'rh'raiv mtu
ihat d !cu$ and ookat the r$ue rn oder b fil the endid3 a.un:e,thL
a^ldedbcu$erthe.ontedform.iktotlav, beseenchlneandDpanese
rclaredbusne$. Hkto .al.method ls employedheR in co le.tlns rcleni
lhe Erult
eun. mate ak, handins 4itielly the daraandin svnrh.slzlng
'InGaftjded€wslaBelyugon
nespaperrepotuandoEl hltury rnErurew5
a. ni mainsouc5, suppoftd h.Y.rherrcle€it s..ondarvmare ah The
ro b. dealiw|mheEae:Hd drdthechln6. soodrp.i*Eb
maiorlssues
the market of lan dudds rhe l.l. 19903ctids? what slEt€sies did rhev
budne$Epond brh. chrnse
andHowdld theiapanese{eht€d
emplov?
B, Chtm-MadeCoo& no..ls
inlavane5e
na*et Manv
Th.19905ssr brclg|na rcnartabl€.hange
peoplerereromedro.utdwnthelretpenditurebylhlftlnslo.heapprodu6.
Asone onsums eul lt "ln timeof hadshlpllkendadavs,h h ]televant
bblk ab;utbDnd.fte mo$ ihpo.lantthlig ls that the sdodscandillbe
usedand dont.ause mon4le$ podcil (neprbrlid, 22 Mafth 2003).Th.
prcfeene to lore. pfted prcduds prcvidedthe opponunltv for produce6
ddn: tollowingthe .risi3,
ol .heapcoodsto spand thenmarlet,including
cheappodldfrcmchina-especiallymachinery:ndeledrcnlG'iloodedthe
a3
mpod gdodssu.h
ra€nsemarkd.chiiaasobe6methemaiorsouteof
smmenb,foods,and tov:. In 2003china w6 the indonedal seond larted
n
Bvz0o5chinahasrak
supplierof
nonoilimpoftafterlapan(Sahdan,2004)
overthe posi$onof lapana. the laced sulpllerof rhe Indoneknlmpotu
:PUtru.n rqr,oru.uurp4adqrorru p.q.snE,oteJall\"pap,d,
P:s.u,,D aqru$@q LoqqJduo a.ll
p4.lariqirqsrq auq *{
atr{ uous.do su,mq ssajqr.+,o D*se
!4.d0r.uo
qr4rau |Eld6 puE suFhq pedq poe .uou4rudo
sFqsq u.ptN: ,4rtd, ruD!* q!!,1 ,Frr[^!d
puc ,ro,,peq F]ulod
$opral
F{q@ rpnpui euoFu?tdEJorew1es6l, udrqoupuE
t9.6r,
3qr ol suoqeueFb qltq4a
qrD s
ol pal4 a eq 5.rpn$ ro lqonu &r!
v
.,,.uuoc
1f0f :os6r
ro uoF,^ro)
ooDreqdnor pl qdqr 4ru|ia
{.tpruJ4u ueado^l c, ? ,$ a.{ ,$q,,
|erd6 tPp:ds R+e utes
ut^tuo rpur.Etp:ur{upsaqu.rqova4i{r!!dpu?rl.Jqravr^t6ou
{:s66r ,uaal 4lqdns pu? ,rud?u:s
'qqer q 4@o plnoj rlrgo qruaq
& pauasd{ d.a rr,]r a'. ul
.qrruvto saE}Spawn a'?rpue,r.!Auno
uFdd.t Jaqro 3pueuaqFN
.qr4 p4bq .e nalrhbleaq €ql r.tuedu@ p:urGqrno
aJfl urqr
Josfi 5$m't au6ur 3ftq jo p.]rtsu@dnd, rrg .q]
ra{au aLn,uueqs
l1 aqr q ,,,q! tqE@ uao r6q! ,u,ute,
rcr p4aduo puE4er to pteu :qr pJaa
.tsv pue adornr eor rDod
rqi
rufa !.,mdd soor u3,,q .q ,rou,
Fruqo
r
raver
:rorhur
-
_
flsD rolruerq
r,sJFFuL'.+ qnatcr r,rp, sF l
a\
! rDd@ov)
uo,,r,
!.sr q ars I oroz
uo+ddd.qr q8r+ LsJ hF u sr,.u.. roaqrdod
uejr bpui a{ }or?q
ozaqlp * .qr v .(612:966r
'rul r.p
owr lqr i pJ^r,s$@4tJohqtid'd3$plpd!.turi
s?rrDE rqr '.F300pq to rqr.u
ruelldol
Fu
r.{Dq.o?Jln<
aqr 6:q seq !^q
{skroM4de*o.4Nftnmr?ooo,nrhefdeaedc.ot2ooT,rhrva.ue
orusst.6b,lior chhJsm;ie inlh
Ia\ h€n m, s€n't'onttv
higher
rEn rt-rrofldpaitr,6e lhaErnouded
to Uss2,9
biJtioBorr2peft.rtotrobt
impo(slDatam
Utira[?Oost
pPndGhol h re
k the €F
o! tr
znd nnr lnobr anot aft crrenlsed ro (oflcdEtv
dEnrsutshrm rrcn
4oporo tnorot h.onel.
t^e,e sere fve ma,o,b?nor of morcqcF
'Ifirl'tr.
oyEh*J, azuri .id hmsl, bend6 Dtarsio
rromrutr Fo..,uLno F.
deeder rapan mobrcydes o.cupred a dohinlnt
ma*et posihon ri lava
aidetsade4 in hdoi6k4 tr(orpor,,4 Aprir
zootl toeernarhesh&ot
jDnFe noto(r ,6 h e up
abod 90 oecd of rhc m.rd I \c |rsen
rhare of abod 50 Fe@rt w6 bkei by Hondi,
which was de$nbed "kh8
d klBs" {Yamah:* Hddai 200r:62) Bur,rhe
adohotre d.rcsuhron 5er
m pr4e oi rtv 1e99D€d rhe way b bLshe$ptayer
ro,rpLa lrpap
mdoEycB rrcmM*Bsprh
v ch,na(^dro4reD@.2rViv roo2j.ol
Fn @moaniesfrcT
ch natr4reponeo
6 EE direed rher bus6: a.nvbesb r\e
hdon.{an m,^d lrn,.
e a rest th. hadd shJrc ot chnJ m@4der
h.m
sw
ssnrMue h 1999thse kF 4v ! few
ch,Tse noloftydes, ,ncrLdhs
rtirs.nd Mal^rror,
sord,l rhemadci ThenuFberce sh,lptybslEnds
on M4 2000(Mod rmFl zooo,itltJBv2OOr
rh.E rer rbour4ob?r o! o,
rnne. aobr.'de tn rh. h{rd EepedaMob,,
Toos:M€Gt Moror zoos,.
t?a d,nibun.s ch nAe hob,cy..e,n
ndsorfio.Iv Fs,neEd tsudn Me,o.r4
e.chin€* oodqtu a&qprndeo rcrc$
ne Nfd k. {u1c rrv4 Mrikerins M.ris€.
or rhe satrsrns E.Rrcn,c,
irponea of chinelr prcduG Dd {de newr6
ard rtuns Dolrel{poon tsmj,. prcdul )ooo:t2j.
ojter lhoa mtlh
and ,frd .mes F k Mau! 2oo8).on No€mber
2.xl0,the d.ai€E d s.rins
snpdd grlsnpq dFqrlo brpdd ,tu,&a@uE,v ,srsuopuJ
U,daqarst.
U'u'{d' ? IPAaa']:'ruaudoF^ap
INDONESIA DALAM
PUSARAN PASAR
GTOBAL
Editor
sliNingsih
i-*
2014
DUR]N
TORMARKETI N
THBCONTEST
ugos CRISIS'AVA
PADAMASAKRISIS
PASARDI
PERXBTITAN
199o-AN
'AWA
holqdf tetle6Utri6hYorl.nber
lM haslongb€ena ontesrd lu.dtlre ma*er a6ons tie iorelsnsoods
prcducs.11. tEos.nsis nw andpaidon orchriee pFdud lnb th' mand
of JaE. nis ad.le disus* th. dtud tof mict ol Je b{]lven chlnge
andJapan.* relabd budns, Niftrk l merhodls *p ov€dheE ln olbcnng
Elent @ud m.led:ls,h6ndlingdldallvth. dataandinsv.rheizinsd€ 6uLt
rhisad. e dds latB.VurDnMsF.pef repotu andoh hitury inr'deG a
rtsmain$uEs, suppoftd bYorhtr ftlent se.ondarym*€dak Thesoak ol
rhe arti.le arc b iNsrisie hd the chine* c@dspendEted the mdket to
emlne shieeies enp oyedb pereh€ the m:'l€t, andto ehbodt howthe
budn63 6pond b lh. cnine* busine$th€at ll i! a'Iled
laFn6tEl,bd
rhat the 199G disC htr p@d th. My for rhe cf ina rud. pmdud b dpand
ri the hdon6iat ma'let of lM. Thedesle of rhe onsuneE ln lM ib. th€p
pp.tud bv
prie prcdud Ms a majorfdor The pendrinon 6
'onbrn'd
mal€tins frresls. fte hn e&andins chlnat impon lEde EGcd i'nou3
buin€s
@ndmsamongthelapan6e
cfi.lleng.sandb @E ihen .anle do
Ma*d. c sk, relaredbudne$
-ffiffiiffitr'tr,ffi
#ffi**ffi
tr{'n,*fl#$;",;
-*p;=;**'
fr,#h',il,,:#:#if
l*ltfi
'#H
29
Asso.iado lsorckat Dosonshton, sor) ln StEbd4 thlch lats ln 1912
naiion,finhMment oGaniato[
be@mehdonesia!fi6t masebased
seveblstudies
onshokh:m,2004:6,221
sarukatklah (raEon,1990:s3-57,
duri.g
rh. 19103
havauncovercdthe .ont.n fof ma.ld of laE .spedallv
.nri! (uem, 1ee5,Nawry:nb, 100e).
Jhe *e 1990sdhk sawan i eftniis d*lopmed ofrhe.ontestior
ma*et in lava, chlnat impon hde dpe.ienced 3 edarLble e&ansio'!
and €rsins
threatenl.g
the donlnan.eol lh. r,paneseindusnialprcduds,
budnesintedsln Indonesia
tbnPa3,
thd
newspaper
rcpoG
Evealr
6 Apil 2002).A 3rclt bodvor @ntenpoFry
th€rndonesran
mdk iwtrlnundahdbYalarle€iety of importsoodsfion
chinaesD.dalv siicerhehte 19905c sk.8utthercaE no'rh'raiv mtu
ihat d !cu$ and ookat the r$ue rn oder b fil the endid3 a.un:e,thL
a^ldedbcu$erthe.ontedform.iktotlav, beseenchlneandDpanese
rclaredbusne$. Hkto .al.method ls employedheR in co le.tlns rcleni
lhe Erult
eun. mate ak, handins 4itielly the daraandin svnrh.slzlng
'InGaftjded€wslaBelyugon
nespaperrepotuandoEl hltury rnErurew5
a. ni mainsouc5, suppoftd h.Y.rherrcle€it s..ondarvmare ah The
ro b. dealiw|mheEae:Hd drdthechln6. soodrp.i*Eb
maiorlssues
the market of lan dudds rhe l.l. 19903ctids? what slEt€sies did rhev
budne$Epond brh. chrnse
andHowdld theiapanese{eht€d
emplov?
B, Chtm-MadeCoo& no..ls
inlavane5e
na*et Manv
Th.19905ssr brclg|na rcnartabl€.hange
peoplerereromedro.utdwnthelretpenditurebylhlftlnslo.heapprodu6.
Asone onsums eul lt "ln timeof hadshlpllkendadavs,h h ]televant
bblk ab;utbDnd.fte mo$ ihpo.lantthlig ls that the sdodscandillbe
usedand dont.ause mon4le$ podcil (neprbrlid, 22 Mafth 2003).Th.
prcfeene to lore. pfted prcduds prcvidedthe opponunltv for produce6
ddn: tollowingthe .risi3,
ol .heapcoodsto spand thenmarlet,including
cheappodldfrcmchina-especiallymachinery:ndeledrcnlG'iloodedthe
a3
mpod gdodssu.h
ra€nsemarkd.chiiaasobe6methemaiorsouteof
smmenb,foods,and tov:. In 2003china w6 the indonedal seond larted
n
Bvz0o5chinahasrak
supplierof
nonoilimpoftafterlapan(Sahdan,2004)
overthe posi$onof lapana. the laced sulpllerof rhe Indoneknlmpotu
:PUtru.n rqr,oru.uurp4adqrorru p.q.snE,oteJall\"pap,d,
P:s.u,,D aqru$@q LoqqJduo a.ll
p4.lariqirqsrq auq *{
atr{ uous.do su,mq ssajqr.+,o D*se
!4.d0r.uo
qr4rau |Eld6 puE suFhq pedq poe .uou4rudo
sFqsq u.ptN: ,4rtd, ruD!* q!!,1 ,Frr[^!d
puc ,ro,,peq F]ulod
$opral
F{q@ rpnpui euoFu?tdEJorew1es6l, udrqoupuE
t9.6r,
3qr ol suoqeueFb qltq4a
qrD s
ol pal4 a eq 5.rpn$ ro lqonu &r!
v
.,,.uuoc
1f0f :os6r
ro uoF,^ro)
ooDreqdnor pl qdqr 4ru|ia
{.tpruJ4u ueado^l c, ? ,$ a.{ ,$q,,
|erd6 tPp:ds R+e utes
ut^tuo rpur.Etp:ur{upsaqu.rqova4i{r!!dpu?rl.Jqravr^t6ou
{:s66r ,uaal 4lqdns pu? ,rud?u:s
'qqer q 4@o plnoj rlrgo qruaq
& pauasd{ d.a rr,]r a'. ul
.qrruvto saE}Spawn a'?rpue,r.!Auno
uFdd.t Jaqro 3pueuaqFN
.qr4 p4bq .e nalrhbleaq €ql r.tuedu@ p:urGqrno
aJfl urqr
Josfi 5$m't au6ur 3ftq jo p.]rtsu@dnd, rrg .q]
ra{au aLn,uueqs
l1 aqr q ,,,q! tqE@ uao r6q! ,u,ute,
rcr p4aduo puE4er to pteu :qr pJaa
.tsv pue adornr eor rDod
rqi
rufa !.,mdd soor u3,,q .q ,rou,
Fruqo
r
raver
:rorhur
-
_
flsD rolruerq
r,sJFFuL'.+ qnatcr r,rp, sF l
a\
! rDd@ov)
uo,,r,
!.sr q ars I oroz
uo+ddd.qr q8r+ LsJ hF u sr,.u.. roaqrdod
uejr bpui a{ }or?q
ozaqlp * .qr v .(612:966r
'rul r.p
owr lqr i pJ^r,s$@4tJohqtid'd3$plpd!.turi
s?rrDE rqr '.F300pq to rqr.u
ruelldol
Fu
r.{Dq.o?Jln<
aqr 6:q seq !^q
{skroM4de*o.4Nftnmr?ooo,nrhefdeaedc.ot2ooT,rhrva.ue
orusst.6b,lior chhJsm;ie inlh
Ia\ h€n m, s€n't'onttv
higher
rEn rt-rrofldpaitr,6e lhaErnouded
to Uss2,9
biJtioBorr2peft.rtotrobt
impo(slDatam
Utira[?Oost
pPndGhol h re
k the €F
o! tr
znd nnr lnobr anot aft crrenlsed ro (oflcdEtv
dEnrsutshrm rrcn
4oporo tnorot h.onel.
t^e,e sere fve ma,o,b?nor of morcqcF
'Ifirl'tr.
oyEh*J, azuri .id hmsl, bend6 Dtarsio
rromrutr Fo..,uLno F.
deeder rapan mobrcydes o.cupred a dohinlnt
ma*et posihon ri lava
aidetsade4 in hdoi6k4 tr(orpor,,4 Aprir
zootl toeernarhesh&ot
jDnFe noto(r ,6 h e up
abod 90 oecd of rhc m.rd I \c |rsen
rhare of abod 50 Fe@rt w6 bkei by Hondi,
which was de$nbed "kh8
d klBs" {Yamah:* Hddai 200r:62) Bur,rhe
adohotre d.rcsuhron 5er
m pr4e oi rtv 1e99D€d rhe way b bLshe$ptayer
ro,rpLa lrpap
mdoEycB rrcmM*Bsprh
v ch,na(^dro4reD@.2rViv roo2j.ol
Fn @moaniesfrcT
ch natr4reponeo
6 EE direed rher bus6: a.nvbesb r\e
hdon.{an m,^d lrn,.
e a rest th. hadd shJrc ot chnJ m@4der
h.m
sw
ssnrMue h 1999thse kF 4v ! few
ch,Tse noloftydes, ,ncrLdhs
rtirs.nd Mal^rror,
sord,l rhemadci ThenuFberce sh,lptybslEnds
on M4 2000(Mod rmFl zooo,itltJBv2OOr
rh.E rer rbour4ob?r o! o,
rnne. aobr.'de tn rh. h{rd EepedaMob,,
Toos:M€Gt Moror zoos,.
t?a d,nibun.s ch nAe hob,cy..e,n
ndsorfio.Iv Fs,neEd tsudn Me,o.r4
e.chin€* oodqtu a&qprndeo rcrc$
ne Nfd k. {u1c rrv4 Mrikerins M.ris€.
or rhe satrsrns E.Rrcn,c,
irponea of chinelr prcduG Dd {de newr6
ard rtuns Dolrel{poon tsmj,. prcdul )ooo:t2j.
ojter lhoa mtlh
and ,frd .mes F k Mau! 2oo8).on No€mber
2.xl0,the d.ai€E d s.rins
snpdd grlsnpq dFqrlo brpdd ,tu,&a@uE,v ,srsuopuJ
U,daqarst.
U'u'{d' ? IPAaa']:'ruaudoF^ap