5. Learning vocabulary through derivation
The teacher includes the four classes of words in the position of assurance in English patterns. The teacher can give nouns, verbs, adjectives, and
adverbs. Then the teacher asks the students to inform the derivation of the words, for example: succeed verb, success noun, successful adjective,
and successfully adverb and so on.
Moreover, based on the theory of teaching and learning vocabulary stated and explained by linguists above, it could be concluded that the meaning of word or
vocabulary should be taught appropriately to the students’ level of capability and
related to daily life phenomenon and their experience. Referring to the explanation above, it is assumed that the teacher must be able to choose the
technique and media which is the most appropriate for teaching vocabulary at certain class.
2.5 Concept of Visual Dictionary
Wright 1989:190 states that visual is graphic to illustrate an object, action, or quality that appears to the sight. While, Kreidler 1968 mentions that
visualization can be useful to the language teachers by helping to create situation which are outside the classrooms walls, introduce students to unfamiliar cultural
aspects, give the reality to what might misunderstand verbally by the students, change situation, quickly and easily in a drill and decoration for the classroom.
Then, Kelley 2009 adds that visualization continually supports language development, and has a great impact on students’ cognition and understanding.
Visualization not only assists language development but also become one of the ways to form understandings about what words and ideas mean. Through
visualization, students are capable of building the schema necessary for successful reading of multiple kinds of texts and documents. In other words, visualization
frames understandings of language and help students learn to visualize and imagine. Hence, it will be useful for teachers to use visual aids in order to help
them to deliver the materials to the students.
In addition, Side and Wellman 1990:31 state that dictionary is a book that contains the word of a language, with their meanings in alphabetical order. There
are some kinds of dictionary and one of them is Visual Dictionary. Visual Dictionary is one of visual aids which can be used as a teaching aid. It can
facilitate the teacher to explain the written or spoken words in teaching situation. Thus, Wigan 2009:6 says that Visual Dictionary is a book that contains the list
of textual definitions and visual explanations. From all of the definition, the researcher concludes that Visual Dictionary is a book containing a selection of the
words of language that give information on particular subjects usually arranged in themed order of their meaning and other information concerning them, which is
percebtible by sight.
Visual Dictionary is organized by themes. For each theme, an image is labeled with the correct word to identify each component of the item. An index of all
defined words is usually included to assist finding the correct illustration that defines the word. It is different with the picture dictionary that is usually
organized by alphabetical list of words where the words and picture are already arranged in alphabetical order. However, both of them can be monolingual or
multilingual, providing the names of items in several languages.
From the explanation above, Wright 1982:2 says that it is important to have as a wide range of resources as possible in clasroom, so that the students can have a
rich base stimulus for this development and the resourches must include picture. He adds that that pictures are not just an aspect of method but through their
representation of places, and objects. They are an essential part of the overall experiences that we must help our students to cope with. Hence, it is obvious that
the visual thing can help both the teacher and the students in creating a more interactive classroom atmosphere in which they will likely generate active
responses.
Moreover, Wigan 2009:9 says that visual illustration is easy to understand that will help learners better to articulate, formalise their ideas and will ensure greater
accuracy in the transfer of those ideas to others. When skillfully combined with picture, words and sounds have the power to evoke emotions, change attitudes and
motivate actions. The impressions that are created by combination of picture, words, and sounds have been shown to be retained by viewers significantly longer
than when they are only heard or read. By observing the Visual Dictionary, it will be easier for the students to recognize, remember, and figure out the real object
into their mind by visualization.
