Previous Study REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Previous Study

Studies on appraisal systems have been done by some researchers, such as: 1. ‘Appraisal system used to express ideologies in the Jakarta Post Issue: Gus Dur versus KPU’ Widhiyanto, 2004. The purposes of his study re to describe and analyze how The Jakarta Post organizes news of a certain issue in order to perform its social functions based on appraisal system point of view, and to what extent the organizes of news depicts ideology. 2. ‘Appraisal devices realizing attitudes in Martin Luther King Jr.’s speech ‘I have a dream’ Dian Milasari, 2006. This study is concerned with evaluation – the appraisal devices and kinds of attitudes that are negotiated in a text. This study aimed to find out the appraisal devices are used to realize the attitudes of the speech conveyed by the speaker as well as the types of attitudes are conveyed in the speech. In this thesis, the writer not only analyzes the prayers based on appraisal systems, but also analyzes them based on the mood and modalities, as she wants to analyze the ‘Interpersonal Meaning’ of the prayers As indicated earlier in chapter one, a comprehensive study of meaning includes ideational, interpersonal, textual and logical meanings. However, this thesis is aimed at describing the interpersonal meanings that unveil the interpersonal relationships established by prayers with God. To make sense of the interpersonal meanings conveyed by prayers some stages of analysis need to be conducted since interpersonal meanings “reside” in different components of the clause. First, interpersonal meanings are realized in the structure of the Mood that include the Subject and Finite. It is the mood that determines the speech functionsspeech acts indicating a person’s intent. Second, Modalities that realise Finite – convey various kinds of attitudes and their intensity. Thus, Modalities will be addressed and used as a basis of analysis. Third, interpersonal meanings are also realised in lexis. In Systemic Functional Linguistics analysis on attitudinal lexis is labeled as appraisal analysis. This analysis is focused on the lexical choices conveying different attitudes with different degrees of intensity. Apart from those three areas, there is, actually, another aspect that conveys significant interpersonal meanings, that is, intonation. However, since this is a study on written texts, this aspect will not be addressed.

2.2 Prayer In Catholic Encyclopedia, Prayer is defined as an act of the virtue of religion