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Andrian Permadi, 2014 Investigating students’ writing process
in descriptive writing A case study in one state university in Bandung Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
| repository.upi.edu
| perpustakaan.upi.edu
see appendix are largely focused toward process in writing that is gone through by students and also students’ perception toward writing activities that are
perfomed in the process.
3.4.4 Documentation and analysis of Students’ Descriptive Texts
Documentation of students’ descriptive texts was conducted in order to gain information of elements that were produced by students in their descriptive essays
throughout their writing process. They were asked to make a descrptive essay based on interview result which was previously conducted before writing their
essay. This task was assigned by their lecturer. The final drafts were analyzed using systemic functional grammar regarding its schematic structure,
organization, purpose and linguistic features, as it has been previously discussed in chapter II of the study see section 2.6, section 2.6.1, section 2.6.2
.
3.5 Data Analysis Method
Data analysis is the process of systematically searching and arranging the interview, transcripts, field notes, and other materials that you accumulate to
increases your own understanding of them and to enable you to present what you have discovered to others. Analysis involves working with data, organizing them,
breaking them into manageable units, synthesizing them, searching for patterns discovering what is important and what is learned, and deciding what you will tell
others. Data analysis in this study was conducted over the course of the study.
Hence, on going data analysis and interpretation was done based on classroom obervation, questionnaires,semi-
structured interview and analysis of students’ descriptive essays. Each steps of analysis from the three sources of data is given
in the following section.
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Andrian Permadi, 2014 Investigating students’ writing process
in descriptive writing A case study in one state university in Bandung Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
| repository.upi.edu
| perpustakaan.upi.edu
3.5.1 Analysis of Observation Data
Data from the observation were analyzed in order to support the findings found in the interview and questionnaire. It was intended to identify students’ activities
conducted during the process of making an descriptive writing. Thus, information found during the observation were analyzed and intepreted in order to provide
answers of the research questions.
3.5.2 Analysis of Questionnaires and Semi-Structured Interview
In keeping with qualitative research methods, analytic induction was used to analyze the transcribed interview data and the result of questionnaires.
Analytic induction gives a more chance for a deeper identification of phenomena Nunan
Bailey, 2009. The analysis and interpretation of data were carried out in two stages. The
first stage deal t with the analysis and interpretations of the participants’
questionnaire, while the second stage dealt with the analysis of interviews. Each part consisted of coding and categorization in order to identify students’ writing
process. Coding and recoding were required for the categorization writing process pre-writing, writingdrafting, post writing applied by EFL students Van Lier,
1989. It is hard to do categorization without preliminary coding and every coding will be done as soon as the data has been gathered. The faster coding is
conducted, the easier categorization to be conducted Bailey, 2007. Coding, however, is “efficient data-labeling and data-retrieval device. They empower and
speed up analysis” Miles and Huberman, 1994
On the other hand, categorization is done in convergent and divergent way. First, the data gathered was classified based on categorization writing
process, as previously mentioned in chapter II of the study. The classified data was then classified based on the differences. After the categorization has all been
completed, the data would then be contrasted and compared in order to find the relation of activities in writing process.
