Research Design Object of the Study

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CHAPTER III METHOD OF INVESTIGATION

In order to create a good quality study, every study must follows academic methods. The methods will lead the us to achieve the goals of the study. This chapter deals with the research methods that discuss research design, object of the study, types of the data, role of the researcher, method of collecting data, and method of analysing data.

3.1 Research Design

There are two kinds of research approaches, there are qualitative and quantitative research. In this research, I used qualitative approach. Qualitative research presents the data research in the form of qualitative research which merely focuses on the analysis of textual data. There are a lot of methods in qualitative research, one of them is descriptive analysis method. According to Koentjoroningrat as cited in Mukhoyyimah 1986, a descriptive analysis is an analysis which aims in describing existing conditions through the activity of collecting the data. Hereby, the analysis of this type is done with words to describe conclusions. This research obtains the descriptive data weather spoken or written. A library research is also used in conducting the research, in order to find out some theories through numbers of books, journals, articles, and other sources that have correlation to the topic. Woods 2006 also states that q ualitative research isconcerned with life as it lives, things as they happen, situations as they areconstructed in the day-to-day, moment-to- moment course of events. Therefore, I reported and described the data as original as it is without any editing to ensure that findings really reflect the phenomenon.

3.2 Object of the Study

According to Strauss and Corbin 1998: 11, the qualitative data might consist ofinterviews and observations but also might include documents, films orvideotapes, and even data that have been quantified for other purposes such ascensus data. In this study, the data were a conversation mp3 recording and a transcript of non native speaker of English which were two students both are female of fifth semester of English department of UNNES. In order to be able to analyze the structure of a conversation, the conversation has to have a good flow of the talking. Being able to make a talking with a good flow means that the participants of the conversation are required to have standard ability of using English language well. Based on this idea, I chose the fifth semester students of English department of UNNES as the participants of the conversation that later would be analyzed in this study. The students of the fifth semester of English department have been through an education process with enough subjects that enabling them acquiring standard skill of English. Therefore, these students were considered good enough to be the participants of the conversetion in which its transcript was the data of this study.

3.3 Type of the Data