FREEDOM IN OKKY MADASARI’S BOUND (2014): A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE Freedom in Okky Madasari's Bound 2014: A Sociological Perspective.
FREEDOM IN OKKY MADASARI’S BOUND (2014):
A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement
for Getting the Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Departement
by:
ZULFA HAPPY IMROAH
A. 320 120 026
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2016
APPROVAL
FREEDOM IN OKKY MADASARI'S BOUND (2014):
A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
RESEARCH PAPER
\ilritten by:
ZULFA HAPPY IMROAH
A- 320
nA
026
Approved to be Examined
by the Consultant Team
First Consultant
Second Consultant
w4
Titis Setvabudi.
NIK.948
l1
S. Si..
MA
TESTIMOI\TY
I am as the researcher, signed on the statement below:
Name
ZULFAHAPPY IMROAH
NIM
A32A
Study Program
Departement of English Education
Title
FREEDOM IN OKKY MADASARI'S BOT/]\{D
n0
026
(2014): A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTTVE
I hereby assert that there is no plagiarism in this article, there is no other
work that has'been submiued to obtain the bachelor degree of University and
there is no work that has been written or published by others, except those which
the uniting reffered in the manuscript and mentioned in the bibliography.
If only drere is any incorrectness
statement above, I
will fully
proved in the future dealing with my
be responsible.
Surakarta, March, sth 2016
Zulfa Happv Imroah
A320 r20 026
111
ACCEPTANCE
FREEDOM IN OKKY MADASARI',S BOUND (2014):
A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
by:
ZULFA HAPPY IMROAH
A. J20 120 026
Accepted and Approved by the Broad of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Suraknrta
on March, Sth zotu
The Broad of Examiners:
1. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraninerum' M.Ed ("'
(Chair Person)
Setvabudi, S. Si. MA
Titis
2.
(Member I)
3. Dr. H. Abdillah Nusroho, M. Hum
(Member II)
Surakarta, March, 5'l' 2016
The Dean of School of Teacher Training
And Education,
'-\(-Lt
MOTTO
No one should judge another soul (except God).
“Lisa Delpit”
The only source of knowledge is experience.
“Albert Einstein”
Today is story, yesterday is history and tommorow is mistery.
“the unknown”
Experiences is the best teacher.
“the unknown”
Don’t give up, always long of laugh.
“Writer”
The power of love, hope and pray.
“writer”
A result never denies a process.
“writer”
v
DEDICATION
This work is proudly dedicated to:
My wonder woman MOMMY (Mrs. Slamet) and my superhero
DADDDY (Mr. Slamet)
My beloved nice sister (mbak Win) and my little brother (dek Avid)
vi
SUMMARY
ZULFA HAPPY IMROAH. A320120026. FREEDOM IN OKKY
MADASARI’S BOUND (2014): A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE.
RESEARCH PAPER. SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND
EDUCATION. MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2016
The major problem in this study is to analyze freedom in Bound novel by
Okky Madasari. The objective of the study is to analyze Okky Madasari’s Bound
novelbased on the structural elements and based on the sociological perspective.
The researcher uses qualitative research. The primary data source of the
study is Bound novel by Okky Madasari, the secondary data source of the study is
books, internet about freedom theory and sociological perspective, and the other
sources that support the analysis. The method of the data collection is library
research.
The researcher has the following conclusions. The study shows that the
problem of the major character is the struggle to get freedom in his life from those
of the mind and body, from restraints imposed by tradition, family, society and
religion, from economic domination and the shackles of authority.
Based on the structural analysis there are six components as characters and
characterization, theme, plot, setting, point of view and style. Based on the
sociological perspective analysis there are five aspects as social aspect, economic
aspect, political aspect, cultural aspect, and religious aspect. The last based on the
freedom analysis there are two components as positive freedom and negative
freedom.
Keywords: Bound, freedom, sociological.
vii
RINGKASAN
ZULFA HAPPY IMROAH. A320120026. FREEDOM IN OKKY
MADASARI’S BOUND (2014): A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE.
RESEARCH PAPER. SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND
EDUCATION. MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2016
Masalah utama dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kebebasan
di novel Bound karya Okky Madasari. Objek dari penelitian ini adalah untuk
menganalisis novel Bound karya Okky Madasari berdasarkan struktur element dan
berdasarkan pendekatan sosiologi.
Peneliti menggunakan penelitian kualitatif. Sumber data primer dari
penelitian ini adalah novel Bound karya Okky Madasari, sumber data
sekunderdari penelitian ini adalah buku-buku, internet tentang teori freedom dan
teori sosiologi, dan sumber lain yang mendukung analisis tersebut. Metode
pengumpulan data adalah penelitian pustaka.
Peneliti mempunyai beberapa kesimpulan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan
bahwa masalah dari pemeran utama adalah perjuangan untuk mendapatkan
kebebasan dikehidupannya dari pemikiran dan tubuh, dari pemaksaan tradisi,
keluarga, sosial, agama, dari penguasa ekonomi dan kungkungan dari penguasa.
Berdasarkan analisis structur elemen ada enam komponen seperti tokoh
dan penokohan, tema, plot, setting, point of view dan gaya. Berdasarkan
pendekatan sosiologi ada lima aspek seperti aspek sosial, aspek ekonomi, aspek
budaya, dan aspek agama. Terakhir berdasarkan analisis kebebasan ada dua
komponen seperti kebebasan positif dan kebebasan negatif.
Kata kunci: Pasung Jiwa, kebebasanm, sosiologi.
viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
All praises for the Almighty God, Allah SWT the researcher can finish the
research paper. It is because his blessing, loving, helping, and protecting without
all of those, she is nothing at all. She would like to thank for everyone who
deserves to receive and appreciation to the following people:
1.
Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum., as the Dean of School of
Teacher Training amd Education Faculty in Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta,
2.
Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D., as the Head of English Department
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
3.
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed., as the first consultant who has
guided the researcher.
4.
Titis Setyabudi, S. Si., MA., as the second consultant who has
guided, corrected, and encouraged her from the beginning until the end of it,
5.
Prof. Endang Fauziati, M. Hum., as the academic consultant,
6.
All the lecturers
of English Department Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta for the more knowledges that have shared to her,
7.
Her wonder woman Mom and her super hero Dad. Thanks for loving, caring,
supporting, praying, motivating and everything that they give,
8.
Her nice sister and little brother who have also love, care, support, pray and
motivate with her,
9.
Her aunty (tante cumy), she helps my parents in home,
10. Her someone who love her, thanks for everything,
11. Her big family who have love, care, support, pray and motivate too with her.
12. Her past Ahmad Santoso, thanks for everything you give to me, and I am
sorry for everything too,
13. Her beloved best friends Limbok, Ruri, Nurma, Ita, I LOVE YOU,
14. Her beloved best friend Elsa, she always hear her hurtness, restless, sadness,
happiness and everything she says, I also LOVE YOU,
ix
15. Her same struggle friend (Ita), she always supports and ascompanies her
and everytime, she also becomes a friend in Chandra Boarding
Room,
16. The big family of Giro 9 and Chandra Mbak Ririn, Mbak Ira, Mbak B.tty,
Mbak
E*y,
Handa, Ri4 wipit, Tika, Camel, Bella,
Ruri,Ilik,
and
Devita,Ita
Yaya Mbak Ros, and Mbak Opih
17. Her friends De Lorca Members,
18. Her friends PPL members in SMP N 2 Sawit Boyolali,
19. Her K3942EZ,that accompany her everytime and everywhere,
20. Her Acer computer, that help
her to finish her research paper,
21. Copy, print, bind center, that help to finish
22. Kingston USB, that
her research paper too,
save the data,
23. Okky Madlasari's novel,
24. NI properties that help the continuity her research paper has not
been
mentioned, many thanks,
25. Her students private lesson,
26. Hw frisnds in English Education students. Thanks
27
a
lot,
- Almamater of Muhammdiyah Ilniversity of Surakarta I
28.
People that like the novel,
29.
People that love her,
30. The last who has not
been mentioned.
The researcher realizes that this research paper still far &om being perfect.
Therefore, the researcher accepts the suggestionSurakarta, March, str 2016
The researcher
uru
Zulfa Happy Imroah
x
1X
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER ..............................................................................................................
i
TITLE .................................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL........................................................................................................
ii
TESTIMONY...................................................................................................... iii
ACCEPTANCE .................................................................................................. iv
MOTTO .............................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION ................................................................................................... vi
SUMMARY ....................................................................................................... vii
RINGKASAN ..................................................................................................... viii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ..................................................................................... ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ...................................................................................... xi
CHAPTER I
CHAPTER II
INTRODUCTION .................................................................
1
A. Background of the Study ..................................................
1
B. Literature Review ............................................................
4
C. Problem Statement ...........................................................
7
D. Limitation of the Study ....................................................
7
E. Objective of the Study .....................................................
7
F. Benefit of the Study .........................................................
7
1. Theoritical Benifit ........................................................
7
2. Practical Benefit ..........................................................
8
G. Research Method .............................................................
8
1. Type of the Study ........................................................
8
2. Object of the Study .......................................................
8
3. Types of the Data and Data Source ..............................
8
4. Technique of Collecting Data.......................................
9
5. Technique of Analyzing Data.......................................
9
H. Research Paper Organization ............................................
9
UNDERLYING THEORY .................................................... 11
A. Notion of Sociological Theory........................................... 11
B. Types of Sociology Literature............................................ 12
xi
1. Sociology of the Society ............................................... 12
2. Sociology of the Author ................................................ 13
3. Sociology of the Reader ............................................... 13
C. Notion of Freedom ............................................................. 14
D. Structural Element of Fiction ............................................. 18
1. Characters and Characterizations ................................. 18
2. Theme ............................................................................ 19
3. Plot ................................................................................ 20
a. The Beginning .......................................................... 20
b. The Middle .............................................................. 20
c. The Ending ............................................................... 20
4. Setting ........................................................................... 21
5. Point of View ............................................................... 21
6. Style ............................................................................... 22
E. Teoritical Application ....................................................... 24
CHAPTER III
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE NEW ORDER
IN INDONESIA .................................................................... 25
A. Social Aspect .................................................................... 25
B. Economic Aspect .............................................................. 25
C. Political Aspect ................................................................. 28
D. Cultural Aspect ................................................................. 31
E. Religious Aspect ............................................................... 32
F. The Life of Okky Madasari .............................................. 34
CHAPTER IV
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ................................................. 35
A. Structure Element of Bound Novel .................................... 35
1.
Characters and Characterizations ............................... 35
a.
Major Characters .................................................. 35
b.
Minor Characters ................................................. 39
2.
Theme ......................................................................... 45
3.
Plot .............................................................................. 47
a.
The Beginning...................................................... 47
b.
The Middle .......................................................... 48
xii
c.
4.
The Ending ........................................................... 48
Setting ........................................................................ 49
a.
Setting of Time ................................................... 49
b.
Setting of Place ................................................... 50
5.
Point of View ............................................................. 54
6.
Style ........................................................................... 55
a. Diction ................................................................... 55
b. Grammatical Structure .......................................... 56
1) Standart Grammatical Structure ....................... 56
2) Non-Grammatical Structure .............................. 56
c. Rhetorical .............................................................. 57
1) Figurative Language .......................................... 57
a) Simile ........................................................... 58
b) Metaphor ....................................................... 59
c) Personification ............................................. 59
d) Hyperbola .................................................... 60
e) Imagery ........................................................ 60
B. Discussion ......................................................................... 61
CHAPTER V
SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS ............................................. 65
A. Sociological Analysis ...................................................... 65
1.
Social Aspect ............................................................. 65
2.
Economic Aspect ...................................................... 66
3.
Political Aspect ......................................................... 68
4.
Cultural Aspect ......................................................... 68
5.
Religious Aspect ....................................................... 69
B. Freedom Analysis .......................................................... 70
1.
Positive Freedom ...................................................... 70
2.
Negative Freedom ..................................................... 76
C. Discussion ........................................................................ 77
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION, EDUCATIOANAL IMPLICATION AND
SUGGESTION .......................................................................... 84
A. Conclusion ....................................................................... 84
xiii
B. Educational Implication ................................................... 86
C. Suggestion ....................................................................... 86
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................... 88
VIRTUAL REFFERENCES .............................................................................. 91
APPENDIX ......................................................................................................... 92
xiv
A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement
for Getting the Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Departement
by:
ZULFA HAPPY IMROAH
A. 320 120 026
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2016
APPROVAL
FREEDOM IN OKKY MADASARI'S BOUND (2014):
A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
RESEARCH PAPER
\ilritten by:
ZULFA HAPPY IMROAH
A- 320
nA
026
Approved to be Examined
by the Consultant Team
First Consultant
Second Consultant
w4
Titis Setvabudi.
NIK.948
l1
S. Si..
MA
TESTIMOI\TY
I am as the researcher, signed on the statement below:
Name
ZULFAHAPPY IMROAH
NIM
A32A
Study Program
Departement of English Education
Title
FREEDOM IN OKKY MADASARI'S BOT/]\{D
n0
026
(2014): A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTTVE
I hereby assert that there is no plagiarism in this article, there is no other
work that has'been submiued to obtain the bachelor degree of University and
there is no work that has been written or published by others, except those which
the uniting reffered in the manuscript and mentioned in the bibliography.
If only drere is any incorrectness
statement above, I
will fully
proved in the future dealing with my
be responsible.
Surakarta, March, sth 2016
Zulfa Happv Imroah
A320 r20 026
111
ACCEPTANCE
FREEDOM IN OKKY MADASARI',S BOUND (2014):
A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
by:
ZULFA HAPPY IMROAH
A. J20 120 026
Accepted and Approved by the Broad of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Suraknrta
on March, Sth zotu
The Broad of Examiners:
1. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraninerum' M.Ed ("'
(Chair Person)
Setvabudi, S. Si. MA
Titis
2.
(Member I)
3. Dr. H. Abdillah Nusroho, M. Hum
(Member II)
Surakarta, March, 5'l' 2016
The Dean of School of Teacher Training
And Education,
'-\(-Lt
MOTTO
No one should judge another soul (except God).
“Lisa Delpit”
The only source of knowledge is experience.
“Albert Einstein”
Today is story, yesterday is history and tommorow is mistery.
“the unknown”
Experiences is the best teacher.
“the unknown”
Don’t give up, always long of laugh.
“Writer”
The power of love, hope and pray.
“writer”
A result never denies a process.
“writer”
v
DEDICATION
This work is proudly dedicated to:
My wonder woman MOMMY (Mrs. Slamet) and my superhero
DADDDY (Mr. Slamet)
My beloved nice sister (mbak Win) and my little brother (dek Avid)
vi
SUMMARY
ZULFA HAPPY IMROAH. A320120026. FREEDOM IN OKKY
MADASARI’S BOUND (2014): A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE.
RESEARCH PAPER. SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND
EDUCATION. MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2016
The major problem in this study is to analyze freedom in Bound novel by
Okky Madasari. The objective of the study is to analyze Okky Madasari’s Bound
novelbased on the structural elements and based on the sociological perspective.
The researcher uses qualitative research. The primary data source of the
study is Bound novel by Okky Madasari, the secondary data source of the study is
books, internet about freedom theory and sociological perspective, and the other
sources that support the analysis. The method of the data collection is library
research.
The researcher has the following conclusions. The study shows that the
problem of the major character is the struggle to get freedom in his life from those
of the mind and body, from restraints imposed by tradition, family, society and
religion, from economic domination and the shackles of authority.
Based on the structural analysis there are six components as characters and
characterization, theme, plot, setting, point of view and style. Based on the
sociological perspective analysis there are five aspects as social aspect, economic
aspect, political aspect, cultural aspect, and religious aspect. The last based on the
freedom analysis there are two components as positive freedom and negative
freedom.
Keywords: Bound, freedom, sociological.
vii
RINGKASAN
ZULFA HAPPY IMROAH. A320120026. FREEDOM IN OKKY
MADASARI’S BOUND (2014): A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE.
RESEARCH PAPER. SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND
EDUCATION. MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2016
Masalah utama dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kebebasan
di novel Bound karya Okky Madasari. Objek dari penelitian ini adalah untuk
menganalisis novel Bound karya Okky Madasari berdasarkan struktur element dan
berdasarkan pendekatan sosiologi.
Peneliti menggunakan penelitian kualitatif. Sumber data primer dari
penelitian ini adalah novel Bound karya Okky Madasari, sumber data
sekunderdari penelitian ini adalah buku-buku, internet tentang teori freedom dan
teori sosiologi, dan sumber lain yang mendukung analisis tersebut. Metode
pengumpulan data adalah penelitian pustaka.
Peneliti mempunyai beberapa kesimpulan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan
bahwa masalah dari pemeran utama adalah perjuangan untuk mendapatkan
kebebasan dikehidupannya dari pemikiran dan tubuh, dari pemaksaan tradisi,
keluarga, sosial, agama, dari penguasa ekonomi dan kungkungan dari penguasa.
Berdasarkan analisis structur elemen ada enam komponen seperti tokoh
dan penokohan, tema, plot, setting, point of view dan gaya. Berdasarkan
pendekatan sosiologi ada lima aspek seperti aspek sosial, aspek ekonomi, aspek
budaya, dan aspek agama. Terakhir berdasarkan analisis kebebasan ada dua
komponen seperti kebebasan positif dan kebebasan negatif.
Kata kunci: Pasung Jiwa, kebebasanm, sosiologi.
viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
All praises for the Almighty God, Allah SWT the researcher can finish the
research paper. It is because his blessing, loving, helping, and protecting without
all of those, she is nothing at all. She would like to thank for everyone who
deserves to receive and appreciation to the following people:
1.
Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum., as the Dean of School of
Teacher Training amd Education Faculty in Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta,
2.
Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D., as the Head of English Department
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
3.
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed., as the first consultant who has
guided the researcher.
4.
Titis Setyabudi, S. Si., MA., as the second consultant who has
guided, corrected, and encouraged her from the beginning until the end of it,
5.
Prof. Endang Fauziati, M. Hum., as the academic consultant,
6.
All the lecturers
of English Department Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta for the more knowledges that have shared to her,
7.
Her wonder woman Mom and her super hero Dad. Thanks for loving, caring,
supporting, praying, motivating and everything that they give,
8.
Her nice sister and little brother who have also love, care, support, pray and
motivate with her,
9.
Her aunty (tante cumy), she helps my parents in home,
10. Her someone who love her, thanks for everything,
11. Her big family who have love, care, support, pray and motivate too with her.
12. Her past Ahmad Santoso, thanks for everything you give to me, and I am
sorry for everything too,
13. Her beloved best friends Limbok, Ruri, Nurma, Ita, I LOVE YOU,
14. Her beloved best friend Elsa, she always hear her hurtness, restless, sadness,
happiness and everything she says, I also LOVE YOU,
ix
15. Her same struggle friend (Ita), she always supports and ascompanies her
and everytime, she also becomes a friend in Chandra Boarding
Room,
16. The big family of Giro 9 and Chandra Mbak Ririn, Mbak Ira, Mbak B.tty,
Mbak
E*y,
Handa, Ri4 wipit, Tika, Camel, Bella,
Ruri,Ilik,
and
Devita,Ita
Yaya Mbak Ros, and Mbak Opih
17. Her friends De Lorca Members,
18. Her friends PPL members in SMP N 2 Sawit Boyolali,
19. Her K3942EZ,that accompany her everytime and everywhere,
20. Her Acer computer, that help
her to finish her research paper,
21. Copy, print, bind center, that help to finish
22. Kingston USB, that
her research paper too,
save the data,
23. Okky Madlasari's novel,
24. NI properties that help the continuity her research paper has not
been
mentioned, many thanks,
25. Her students private lesson,
26. Hw frisnds in English Education students. Thanks
27
a
lot,
- Almamater of Muhammdiyah Ilniversity of Surakarta I
28.
People that like the novel,
29.
People that love her,
30. The last who has not
been mentioned.
The researcher realizes that this research paper still far &om being perfect.
Therefore, the researcher accepts the suggestionSurakarta, March, str 2016
The researcher
uru
Zulfa Happy Imroah
x
1X
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER ..............................................................................................................
i
TITLE .................................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL........................................................................................................
ii
TESTIMONY...................................................................................................... iii
ACCEPTANCE .................................................................................................. iv
MOTTO .............................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION ................................................................................................... vi
SUMMARY ....................................................................................................... vii
RINGKASAN ..................................................................................................... viii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ..................................................................................... ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ...................................................................................... xi
CHAPTER I
CHAPTER II
INTRODUCTION .................................................................
1
A. Background of the Study ..................................................
1
B. Literature Review ............................................................
4
C. Problem Statement ...........................................................
7
D. Limitation of the Study ....................................................
7
E. Objective of the Study .....................................................
7
F. Benefit of the Study .........................................................
7
1. Theoritical Benifit ........................................................
7
2. Practical Benefit ..........................................................
8
G. Research Method .............................................................
8
1. Type of the Study ........................................................
8
2. Object of the Study .......................................................
8
3. Types of the Data and Data Source ..............................
8
4. Technique of Collecting Data.......................................
9
5. Technique of Analyzing Data.......................................
9
H. Research Paper Organization ............................................
9
UNDERLYING THEORY .................................................... 11
A. Notion of Sociological Theory........................................... 11
B. Types of Sociology Literature............................................ 12
xi
1. Sociology of the Society ............................................... 12
2. Sociology of the Author ................................................ 13
3. Sociology of the Reader ............................................... 13
C. Notion of Freedom ............................................................. 14
D. Structural Element of Fiction ............................................. 18
1. Characters and Characterizations ................................. 18
2. Theme ............................................................................ 19
3. Plot ................................................................................ 20
a. The Beginning .......................................................... 20
b. The Middle .............................................................. 20
c. The Ending ............................................................... 20
4. Setting ........................................................................... 21
5. Point of View ............................................................... 21
6. Style ............................................................................... 22
E. Teoritical Application ....................................................... 24
CHAPTER III
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE NEW ORDER
IN INDONESIA .................................................................... 25
A. Social Aspect .................................................................... 25
B. Economic Aspect .............................................................. 25
C. Political Aspect ................................................................. 28
D. Cultural Aspect ................................................................. 31
E. Religious Aspect ............................................................... 32
F. The Life of Okky Madasari .............................................. 34
CHAPTER IV
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ................................................. 35
A. Structure Element of Bound Novel .................................... 35
1.
Characters and Characterizations ............................... 35
a.
Major Characters .................................................. 35
b.
Minor Characters ................................................. 39
2.
Theme ......................................................................... 45
3.
Plot .............................................................................. 47
a.
The Beginning...................................................... 47
b.
The Middle .......................................................... 48
xii
c.
4.
The Ending ........................................................... 48
Setting ........................................................................ 49
a.
Setting of Time ................................................... 49
b.
Setting of Place ................................................... 50
5.
Point of View ............................................................. 54
6.
Style ........................................................................... 55
a. Diction ................................................................... 55
b. Grammatical Structure .......................................... 56
1) Standart Grammatical Structure ....................... 56
2) Non-Grammatical Structure .............................. 56
c. Rhetorical .............................................................. 57
1) Figurative Language .......................................... 57
a) Simile ........................................................... 58
b) Metaphor ....................................................... 59
c) Personification ............................................. 59
d) Hyperbola .................................................... 60
e) Imagery ........................................................ 60
B. Discussion ......................................................................... 61
CHAPTER V
SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS ............................................. 65
A. Sociological Analysis ...................................................... 65
1.
Social Aspect ............................................................. 65
2.
Economic Aspect ...................................................... 66
3.
Political Aspect ......................................................... 68
4.
Cultural Aspect ......................................................... 68
5.
Religious Aspect ....................................................... 69
B. Freedom Analysis .......................................................... 70
1.
Positive Freedom ...................................................... 70
2.
Negative Freedom ..................................................... 76
C. Discussion ........................................................................ 77
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION, EDUCATIOANAL IMPLICATION AND
SUGGESTION .......................................................................... 84
A. Conclusion ....................................................................... 84
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B. Educational Implication ................................................... 86
C. Suggestion ....................................................................... 86
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................... 88
VIRTUAL REFFERENCES .............................................................................. 91
APPENDIX ......................................................................................................... 92
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