TABLE OF CONTENT
Abstrak i
Abstract ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Table of Content v
List of Tables ix
List of Figures x
List of Abbreviations, Symbols and Nomenclatures xii
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Introduction
1 1.2
Problem Statement 2
1.3 Objectives
3 1.4
Scope of Research 3 1.5
Project Organization 4
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 6
2.1 Metal alloys
6
viii
2.1.1 Ferrous Alloys 6 2.1.2 Non-Ferrous Alloys 7
2.2 Copper Alloys
8 2.2.1 Properties of Copper Alloys
8 2.2.2.1 Physical Properties 9
2.2.2.2 Electrical and Thermal Properties 9 2.2.2.3 Mechanical Properties 12
2.2.2 Application of Copper Alloys 14 2.2.3 Different Reinforcement of Copper Alloys
18 2.3
Tungsten Carbides 20
2.3.1 Properties of Tungsten Carbides 21
2.3.2 Processing of Tungsten Carbides 22
2.3.3 Applications of Tungsten Carbides 23
2.3.4 Different Reinforcement of Tungsten Carbides 24 2.4
Composites Materials 25
2.4.1 Metal Matrix Composites 26
2.5 Powder Metallurgy Processing
29 2.5.1 Mixing and Blending
30 2.5.2 Compaction
31 2.5.3 Sintering 33
ix
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 36
3.1 Introduction
36 3.2
Mixing and Blending Process 38
3.3 Compaction Process
39 3.4 Sintering Process
41 3.5 Density measurement
42 3.6 Sample Preparations
43 3.6.1 Grinding
43 3.6.2 Polishing
44 3.7 Material Characterization 45
3.7.1 Optical Microscope 45 3.7.2 Scanning Electron Microscopy 46
3.7.3 Phase Analysis X-ray Diffraction 48
3.8 Mechanical Testing 49 3.8.1 Vickers Microhardness Tester 59
CHAPTER 4: RESULT AND DISCUSSION 51
