in which others in the same setting are independently engaged in the identical task as the performer and the last is an interactive paradigm, in which numerous
individuals are working together on a task.
B. Theoretical Framework
To support the analysis of the study, the theories presented above are really helpful. In this chapter, I present some theories related to critical
approaches, character and characterization, and motivation. These theories become the basis to help me in analyzing the novel. First, I use theory of critical
approach to help me in analyzing the novel. Second, theory of character and characterization are used to support the
analysis of Taylor Greer’s character. This is also to answer the problem formulation on how Taylor Greer is described in the novel. I use the theory of
character by Milligan, Abrams and Forster. Meanwhile, the theory of characterization by Murphy is used to analyze what sort of character Taylor is
described in the novel. I apply the theory of characterization by Murphy to obtain the description of Taylor’s character. Murphy explains that an author has various
ways to make the characters understandable. Those are personal description, character as seen by other, speech, past life, reactions, conversation with others,
direct comment, thoughts, and mannerism. Third, theory of motivation is used to analyze the problem formulation
which deals with other characters’ motivation on the main character, Taylor Greer, which is the major problem in this study. The theory of motivation aims to
find out Taylor’s motivations in raising the Indian child. At the beginning of this part, I describe the definition of motivation to explain motivation to ease the
discussion. Then I describe two kinds of motivation, which are approach and avoidant motivation. The next one is human motives; they are achievement and
affiliative motive. The last one is social facilitation.
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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter is divided into three sections, namely object of the study, approach of the study, and method of the study. In the object of the Study, I
discuss the physical description of the novel and the brief summary of it. Then I present the approach and the reasons for choosing it in the approach of the study.
In the last section, method of the study, I describe the method conducted in the study and the steps taken in analyzing the work and the sources instead.
A. Object of the Study
The object of this study is one of Barbara Kingsolver’s novels entitled The Bean Trees. This novel consists of 232 pages and is divided into 17 chapters. It
was published in 1988 by Harper Row USA. The Bean Trees tells about a woman named Marietta Greer who lives in rural Kentucky but then decides to
travel somewhere. She escapes from her hometown in order to avoid early pregnancy, which happens more seriously.
Then, she changes her name into Taylor Greer, as her promise as she leaves her hometown. On her way out, she
stops in a cafeteria to take a rest and have a snack. When she wants to go back to her car and continue her trip, she meets a woman who forces her to get a child.
The woman put the child in Taylor’s car even though Taylor has said that she cannot do it. Taylor is very confused whether to keep the child or just leave the
little girl behind. However, Taylor decides to keep the child on her trip. Having
