Theory of Human Development

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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY

This chapter is divided into three parts. They are object of the study, the approach of the study and the method of the study. In the object of the study, the writer discusses about the objects of the study. The approach of the study deals with the approach, which is used in the study. The method explains about the procedures and steps that are used in this study.

3.1 Object of the Study

The objects of this study are the three poems, which are written by Joko Pinurbo. Joko Pinurbo is a poet who has published many anthologies. His first anthology entitled “Celana”. This anthology later received an award from Lontar Foundation in 2002. In the same year, this anthology was translated into English. They are “Pants 1”, “Pants 2” and “Pants 3”. These poems are chosen because they bring the symbol of pants inside them. The first poem, “Pants 1” was written in 1996. The original title of this poem is “Celana 1”. It was also included into Anthology, which entitled “Celana” which won Lontar Award in 2002 and was translated by Linda Owens into English. It has 5 stanzas and 22 lines. It has no certain rhyme in this poem, but it is told in narrative ways. The poem is about the man who looks for the right and proper pants. 21 The second poem is “Pants 2”. This original title of the poem is “Celana 2” which is also included into “Celana” anthology. It was written in 1996. It is the poem which has 8 stanzas and 20 lines. It has no certain rhyme. Linda Owens also translated it into English. The poem is about the students who have incomplete understanding of pants. The last poem is “Pants 3” which was written in 1996. Its original title is “Celana 3” which is also included into “Celana” anthology. It is the poem which has 5 stanzas and 17 lines. It has no certain rhyme. Linda Owens also translated this poem into English. The poem is about the man and the girl who have a different perspective in seeing pants.

3.2 Approach of the Study

The focus of the study is to reveal the symbolic meaning of pants in Joko Pinurbo’s “Pants 1”, “Pants 2”, and “Pants 3”. This study used an existentialism approach. The existentialism theory used in this study, is the existentialism of Sartre. The writer chose this approach because the writer believed that existentialism is very appropriate to analyze the relationship between the symbols and the existences and essences of human being. In addition, Nordmeyer 1949 stated, “…only when these pursuits pretend to have plumbed the ultimate secret of human existence…” p.585. This approach was used as the form to change the human beings subjective.