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purification development d. Development of biogas utilization through
improvement of gas distribution system to increase gas pressure.
e. Quality increase of biogas by product for fertilizer
C. Development of Biosurfactant to Increase Crude Oil Production
One of the chemical materials that is use in Enhanced Oil recovery EOR process to increase gasoline
production is surfactant. Surfactant reduces interface tension IFT, altering wettability, reducing viscosity and
stabilizing dispersion to ease the flow of oil from reservoir and reducing oil saturation. To support the
national oil industry, development of bio-oil based local biosurfactant is necessary. One such product that has
been developed and formulated by researchers from IPB for EOR requirement is Methyl Ester Sulfonate MES
Testing of IFT and oil recovery from core in laboratory produces a very good results. Therefore, IPB will develop
anionic surfactant using SO
3
to be more effective. This MES surfactant is suitable for sand stone, but not
suitable for carbonate rocks that requires cationic surfactant. Therefore, development will be broadened
for cationic and anionic surfactants as well as their formulation for various types of rocks. If through the
use of biosurfactant, crude oil production in Indonesia can increase by 10, there will be an increase of income
about USD 9.7 millionday. Research and Development 2009- 2012
a. Study of anionic, cationic and nonionic surfactants
production process b. Production scale multiplication of bio-oil based
surfactant c. Formulation of surfactant for application of oil well
stimulation, huff and puff and flooding.
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d. Testing of surfactant formula on laboratory scale for sand stones and carbonate rocks for application of
oil well stimulation, huff and puff and flooding. e. Test field of biosurfactant for the application of oil
well stimulation, huff and puff and flooding
D. Supply Chain Management and Sustainability 1. Supply Chain Management
Study of biomass supply as future source of energy requires a complex analysis from local natural resources
and agricultural condition, and its interactions with development of food, fibre, energy and international
trade requirements. There is no single model that can overcome this problem directly. There need to be a
model of energy-resource that can be locally and globally applied including effects of policies, such as WTO, CDM,
REDD, and biofuel policy in various countries. Research and Development 2009- 2012
a. Identification and benchmarking of various regional
supply systems, intermarket dependence, transportation and international trade.
b. Analysis of supply and demand system for biomass raw materials and the impacts on trade policy and
biofuel utilization. c. Synergyconflict analysis between bio-energy
production and environmental protection.
2. Sustainability Sustainability scheme comprises of various criteria that
covers three aspects, i.e. environment, social and economy. Valuation of sustainability requires indicators
and methods to measure the criteria for environment, social and economy. Having done these, field valuation
and monitoring are conducted that involve data
