Review of Previous Study

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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

In this chapter, I will review some related previous studies and theories found in the references to support the research. It also presents framework of analysis which summarizes two of previous studies.

2.1 Review of Previous Study

In doing this research, the writer reviewed previous studies. The writer reviewed a number of studies which almost similar to this research who worked about assessment and or the study about theory of validity and reliability. First is Pauline Fitzgerald who wrote a journal entitled Enhancing Employability in a Final-Year Undergraduate Module Using Groupwork and Peer Assessment in ALT Journal Number 10: Winter 2010. The result of this study showed that the module assessment appears to have achieved its purpose in engaging students in developing and demonstrating employability skills, especially groupwork and presentation skills. This technique of assessment should be applied to students who are mature enough to think objectively of college goal. The more mature students, appeared to understand what the assessment was aiming to achieve. The less mature students, struggled with the concept from start to finish, and were uncomfortable with the task set. However, this kind of assessment should be combined to persuade those students who were not happy with this type of module to be a valid and useful activity, possibly by introducing them to some of the literature about employability. Second is Wahid Kurniadi Setiawan 2009 Semarang State University, whose study entitled ”Constructing English Test Model of Listening and Reading Mid First Semester for Eighth Grade Students of SMP Negeri 2 Demak in the Academic Year of 20092010 ”. The research was done to obtain an objective description of the English test model administered to the eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 2 Demak in the academic year of 20092010. The method used in analyzing the data was a quantitative approach. The result of the analysis stated that the test was not valid and still needed some revisions; it was not reliable, poor in terms of discrimination power, and easy in terms of difficulty level. Therefore, it can be concluded that: the knowledge about the characteristics of good language test is important and there were items which needed revision to be used in the English final test. As mentioned above, giving assessment to student was needed to enhance students‟ ability. i.e. the giving of peer assessment in speaking skill, such as groupwork and presentation. However, there is an area of study which has not been studied, i.e. the use of assessment in reading, especially in vocabulary and structure. Moreover, to reach the goal of giving assessment, constructing the good assessment is very important base to realize it. So, in this study the writer focused his research on the constructing a test model of reading assessment to improve students‟ skill in vocabulary and structure. This research introduced the use of reading assessment to English teachers, particularly the English teacher of sixth graders of BBC English Training Specialist, in order to make the good learning process.

2.2 Review of the Theoretical Background