General Concept of Media Types of Media

2.2.1 General Concept of Media

The word „media‟ literally means centre or messenger. It is the plural form of the Latin word „medium‟. According to Gerlach and Elly 1980 :241 about media in learning process, “media are any persons, materials, or events that establish conditions which enable learners to acquire knowledge, skill and attitudes.” Hamalik 1993:18 stated that “media are used to motivate students in learning.” By using media, the students will more enthusiastic about the lesson. Besides, media also help the teacher to explain the material clearly and deeply. Specifically in teaching and learning process, media means the tools, graphics, photographic etc. It can be used to get, to process and to rearrange the information that students got. Teaching and learning process needs media to facilitate teachers and students to reach the goals of study. In some cases, the teacher might get some difficulties or problems that might interfere the teaching learning process and media is expected to solve the problems. According to Gerlach an d Elly 1980:254, “to select appropriate media, the teacher must consider the characteristics of the students which directly relate to the learning process such as verbal abilities, visual and audio perception skills, experience, intelligence, motivation, personality, and social skil ls.” The most appropriate media will give a good result to the students. Therefore, the teacher and students will reach the goal of learning process easier.

2.2.2 Types of Media

According to Houston 2001:1, there are some types of media that can be used for teaching in the classroom: 1 Print-based Media It is related to textbook. It has some workbooks, activity sheets, and assessments. It is used and designed for instructional purposes. Print media also includes newspapers, periodicals, and other types of text materials. 2 Web-based Media It includes information available from the internet that can be used in the classroom. The internet provides teaching resources such as lesson plans, video and audio clips, and interactive learning activities for the students and the teachers. 3 Software It is used on personal computers and tablets. There are many kinds of educational software from a website or available on disks and CD-ROMs that can be downloaded and installed. 4 Audio-visual Media It represents a wide variety of materials. This type of media can be seen and touched, for example maps, globes, games, etc. Audio-visual media also include videotapes, videodisks, digital videodisks DVD, and audio recordings such as cassette tapes and compact disks. In short, teaching using media is very useful to improve the teaching learning process. Media can provide students flexibility for instruction and assessment activities. A teacher needs to consider selecting appropriate media that should be used. The consideration of choosing the media should be based on characteristics of the students which directly relate to the learning process, for example verbal abilities, visual and audio perception skills, experience, intelligence, motivation, personality and social skill. In this study, the researcher decides to use the print media as the medium in teaching-learning English in order to make the students become more motivated. The print media will be easier and cheaper to be used. Basically, teachers do not need any sophisticated stuff in learning process.

2.2.3 “Build Your Story” as the Media