To Input Keunggulan Komparatif dan Kompetitif Industri Feedlot Indonesia

The second assessment is to examine the change in feeder cattle population as the impact of quota policy. As the part of sufficiency program, the government gradually decreases the import quota of feeder cattle and beef. In 2011, the quota for feeder cattle is 600.000 head and 93.000 tons for beef. This huge reduction of feeder cattle import decrease the number of cattle raised in feedlot down to 25-30 percent of the initial population because the substitution stock from the local feeder cattle are insufficient. As a consequence, the competitiveness of Indonesian feedlot is hypothetically reduced. The measurement of the feedlot budget were initially in IDR per cattle, but the impact were invisible. Therefore, the total cost for all feedlots in a province were measured collectively. Nevertheless the adjustment of competitive and comparative advantage indicator were all set at the constant price, in practice, the prices are changing. As follows, the change in price might leads to the stimulation or depression of cost effectiveness of the feedlot. Thus, with the uncertain impact of price changing to the variables, the sensitivity analysis is employed. The first analysis is to assess the 10 percent change of the feeder cattle CIF price and exchange rate of Indonesian Rupiah to US Dollar. As Indonesia still imported some of the feeder cattle for foreign country, the input price change are believed to affect production costs and profitability. Further, concerning that the price of feeder cattle are on USD based, the devaluation of rupiah will hypothetically influence the purchasing power of the importer or producer. In other words, the producers pay more of Indonesian rupiah for each dollar of feeder cattle price. As follows, the comparative advantage might be affected. 6 RESULTS Characteristic of Feedlot Feedlot size The beef finishing feedlot firms is being the subject in this study. The firm size is measured according to its cattle number owned. From Table 8, we can conclude that in Banten has the highest number of feedlot with bigger herd size. West Java and Lampung are characterized by firms with less than 5.000 cattle. Table 8. Number of firms according to cattle ownership Cattle Ownership Banten Lampung West Java 5000 8 6 25 5000 - 10.000 10000 4 1 3 Total 12 7 28 Education Level The education level will leads to productivity rate. Most of the feedlots, especially in Banten and West Java, have workers that earn a bachelor degree in Animal Husbandry and Veterinary. Though, Table 9 shows that feedlot in the three provinces is dominated with workers equipped with standard education. The unit value is person.