Direction: In this test you will read five passages. Each one is followed by a number of questions. You should choose one
best answer, A, B, C or D, or E to each question. Answer all questions about a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage.
Passage I Questions 1-10 CAN WE CHANGE THE CLIMATE?
1
At the end of the last ice age, there were perhaps a million people in north America, or best one for every 7 square miles.
2
today, excluding Alasca and Hawaii, there are about 80 people for every square mile of land area in the United States.
3
To sustain this population growth and raise our standard of living, we employ natural resources and technologies that were unknown to our forebears.
4
Is it possible that because of our numbers and our greater use of natural resources and technology, modern humans are directly influencing the global climate of Earth?
5
in 1896, the Nobel Prize-winning, Swedish Chermist Svante Archenus, predicted that human would wam the global climate by increasing the carbon dioxide content
of the atmosphere.
6
At the beginning of the industrial revouliton in the late 1700s, the use of coal as an energy source began to increase rapidly.
7
when coal is burned, energy is produced, CO
2
is released to the atmospehere.
8
Other fossil carbon fuels such as petroleum and natural gas also release CO
2
when they are burned.
9
More documents show that atmospheric CO
2
has increased by about 30 since the late 1700s.
10
This documents increase results primarily from the use of fossil carbon fuels in electrical generation plants,
automobiles, home heating and in a variety of other ways.
11
Carbon dioxide is also added to the atmosphere during the process of cement manufacture and as a result of deforestation.
12
The yearly rise in CO
2
has increased in recent times, and continued growth of both population and per capita energy use will force atmospheric CO
2
to even higher levels.
13
In addition, the amounts of other greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere have increased during the industrial age, in most causes a direct result of human
activities.
15
These includes halocarbons, methane CH
4
, nitrous oxide N
2
O and Tropospheric ozone O
3
1. What is the main idea of the passage? a. The global climate of the earth is unknown to us
b. The global climate of the earth has been predicted by our forebears c. The global climate of the earth is caused by the use of modern technologies
d. The global climate of the earth is caused by the use of electrical generation plant e.
The global climate of the earth is caused by population growth.
2. How do people increase their standard of living? a. By stooping producing goods
b. By measuring the greenhouse gasses c. By deciding to fight against the global warming
d. By improving the technology
e. By making use of the population growth 3. The word ‘to sustain’ in sentence 3 can also mean…
a. To complete b.
To endure
a. To create b. To elude
c. To fight 4. The word ‘predicted’ in sentence 5 is closest to meaning to the following word, EXCEPT:
a. Augured b. Foretold
c. Narrated
d. Forecasted e. Prophesied
5. The word ‘forebears’ in sentence 3 is closest in meaning to… a. People
b. History c.
Ancestors
d. Successors e. Descendants
6. What does the word ‘they’ in sentence 8 refers to? a. CO
2
b. Coals c.
Fuels
d. Fossils e. Natural Gasses
7. What make atmospheric CO
2
increase to higher levels? a. Electrical generation plant
b. Energy use
c. Nitrous Oxide d. Methane
e. Automobiles 8. The amount of halocarbons increases because of…
a. Nitrous Oxide b. Deforestation
c. Home heating d.
Industry
e. Methane 9. The passage implies that the global warming is increasing….day by day.
a. Rapid b.
Rapidly
c. Rapidity d. More rapid
e. The most rapid 10. We have to be very optimistic that our next generation…..the global warming problem.
a. Overcame b. Overcomes
c. Is overcoming d. Has overcome
e. Will overcome
PASSAGE II Questioins 11-20 PORTABLE GENERATOR
1
Although most electricity comes from power stasions, power can also be generated by far smaller means.
2
Nowadays, electricity generators can be small enough to hold in the hand.
3
Portable generators are made up of two main parts; an engine, which powers the equipment, and an alternator, which converts motion into electricity.
4
The engine runs on petrol.
5
It is started by pulling a cord.
6
This creates a spark inside which ignites the fuel mixture.
7
In a typical four-stroke engine, when the piston descends, the air inlet valve opens and a mixture of air and petrol is sucked in through a carburetor.
8
The valve closes, the piston rises on the compression stroke and a spark within the upper chamber ignites the mixture.
9
This mini-explosion pushes the piston backdown, and as it rises again the fumes formed by the ignition are forced out through the exhaust valve.
10
This cycle is repeated many times per second.
11
The moving piston makes the crankshaft rotate at great speed.
12
The crankshaft extends directly to an alternator, which consists of two main sets of windings-coils of insulated
cooper wire wound closely around an iron core.
13
On set, called stator windings, is in a fixed position and shaped like a broad ring.
14
The other set, the armature windings, is wound on the rotor which is fixed to the rotating crankshaft.
15
The rotor makes about 3.000 revolutions per minute.
16
The rotor is magnetized and as it spins round, electricity is generated in the stator windings through the process of electromagnetic induction.
17
The electric current is fed to the output terminals or sockets.
18
This type of generator can produce a 700 watt output, enough to operate lights, television, and some domestic
appliances.
19
Larger versions provide emergency power to hospital and factories 11. The word motion in sentence 3 is closest in meaning to...
a. Position b. Emotion
c. Stagnation d.
Movement
e. immobility 12. What should people do when they want to start the engine of the portable generator..
a. They have to push the cord and light the fuel b. They have to mix the fuel and pull the engine
c. They have to fill out the fuel and push the cord d. They have to light the fuel and push the engine
e. They have to fill in the fuel and pull the cord
13. The word ignite in sentence 6 could be best replaced by the word.... a. Extinguish
b. Flaming c. Ignition
d. Force e.
burn
14. The word descend in sentence 7 is closest in meaning to the following words expect... a. Move down
b. Gravitate c. Tumble
d. Detrain e.
Rise up
15. What does the word it in sentence 9 refers to... a. The mini explosion
b. The compression c. The mixture
d. The piston
e. The valve
16. What is the function of the crankshaft?
a. To create spark b.
To rotate the rotor
c. To spin stator windings d. To generate electric current
e. To operate home appliance 17. What is the significant difference between stator windings and rotor?
a. The stator is fixed while the rotor generates electricity b. The stator generates electricity while the rotor is fixed
c. The stator is fixed while the rotor rotates
d. The stator rotates while the rotor is fixed e. None of the above
18. In a typical portable generator, the rotor windings.....to the crankshaft. a. Attach
b. Are attached
c. Are attaching d. Were attached
e. Had been attached 19. What will happen once the electric current is supplied to the selected output terminals?
a. The engine will run automatically b. The electric current will be generated
c. The crankshaft and alternator will be rotated d.
Power in the form of watt output will be produced
e. Lights, fridge, and other appliances will be turned off 20. According to the passage, power station.......most electricity
a. Supply
b. Supplied c. Will supply
d. Are supplied e. Were supplying
Passage III Questions 21-30 GAS CENTRAL HEATING
1
Most gas central heating works on the ‘wet’ system of heat transfer between water flowing through pipes.
2
A typical system includes a boiler, a network of pipes, a feed, an expansion tank, radiators, and a hot water
storage system.
3
in convenstional boilers, water is heated by gas burner.
4
It is ten pumped around the central heating system and the hot water storage cylinder.
5
the flow of gas to the burner is controlled by a valve or valves which can be operated by a time switch or by a boiler thermostat, hot water cylinder thermostat, or by a thermostat
located in of the rooms.
6
Air is necessary for complete combustion and is supplied to the burners either from inside the house, when adequate ventilation must be ensured, or directly from outside through a balanced flue.
7
water is circulated through a heat exchanger above the burner.
8
The heat exchanger is made of tubes of cast iron or copper, which resist corrosion.
9
Both types use fins to increase the surface area in contact with water, which improves the transfer of the heat.
10
A thermostat located in the boiler vases the gas control valve yo shut off when the water temperature reaches the pre-set level.
11
after being pumped through a diverter or priority valve, water circulates around either one of two loops pipework, which act as heat exchangers.
12
one loop passes through the inside of the hot water storage cylinder in a coil arrangement.
13
Heat is transferred to the surrounding water, which can then be drawn off from this cylinder from various hot taps in the house when required.
14
The loop then turns to the boiler for re-heating.
15
The other loop of the circuit passes to the radiators, which provide room heating.
16
Several radiators are generally connected where one pipe provides the hot water input and the other carries the cold water back to
the boiler.
17
In this way, all radiators receive hot water directly from the boiler. 21. What does the word ‘it’ in sentence 4 refers to?
a. Conventional boiler b. Gas burner
c. Water
d. Pipe e. gas
22. The word ‘flow’ in sentence 5 is closest in meaning to...
a. Flux
b. Drip c. Breeze
d. Progress e. blockage
23. All of the following words have closest synonym to the words is circulated in sentence 7 EXCEPT:
a. Is passed from place to place b. Is moved in a circle
c. Is distributed d.
Is assembled
e. No of the above
24. What can improve the transfer of heat?
a. Surface area b. Cast iron
c. Copper d. Water
e. Fins
