TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstrak i
Abstract ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgment iv
Table of Content v
List of Tables viii
List of Figures ix
List Abbreviations, Symbols and Nomenclatures xi
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Introduction to Gas
1 1.2
Problem Statements 2
1.3 Objectives of Project
3 1.4
Scope of Project 3
1.5 Project Significant
4 1.6
Summary 5
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 6
2.1 Related Work of Project 6
2.2 Gas 7
2.2.1 Hazardous Gas in The Kitchen 8
2.2.2 Combustion Gas
9 2.2.3
Standard Condition 10
2.3 Sensor 11
2.3.1 Principle Operations of Gas Sensor
11 2.4 Instrumentation
12 2.4.1
Arduino 12
2.4.2 Global System for Mobile
12 2.5 Output System
13 2.5.1
LED 13
2.5.2 Exhaust Fan
14 7
v
2.5.3 Buzzer
16 2.6 Summary
16
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 17
3.1 Introduction 18
3.2 Hardware Implementation 18
3.2.1 Gas Sensor Cicuit
19 3.2.2
Output Circuit 21
3.3 Software Implementation 21
3.3.1 Gas Concentration Calculations
21 3.3.2
Arduino Programming 24
3.3.3 GSM Module Programming
25 3.4 Summary
26
CHAPTER 4: RESULT AND DISCUSSION 27
4.1 Introduction 27
4.2 Project Setup 27
4.3 Project Result 31
4.3 Discussion 35
4.3.1 Gas Sensor
35 4.3.2
Relay 36
4.3.3 Program code
36 4.4 Limitation
38 4.5 Summary
38
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 39
5.1 Introduction 39
5.2 Conclusion 39
5.3 Recommendation 40
5.4 Summary 41
REFERENCES 42
8 vi
APPENDICES 44
A Full Program Code’s Project
9 vii
LIST OF TABLES
2.1
3.1 3.2
3.3 Physical characteristic and properties of gaseous
Threshold value for gas concentration Input and output voltage range
Threshold value for MQ2 9
21 23
24
10 viii
LIST OF FIGURE
1.1
2.1
2.2 2.3
2.4 2.5
2.6 2.7
2.8 2.9
2.10 2.11
3.1 3.2
3.3 3.4
3.5 3.6
3.7
4.1 4.2
4.3 4.4
Overall view of project
The overview of the“Wireless Gas Monitoring System of Gas Detector”
MSP430F149 MCU Earth Srata showing natural gas traps
Illustration of complete combustion The illustration of Electronic Nose
The Arduino UNO board LED image
Illustration of electronic in the devices The illustration of Axial Flow and Centrifugal Extractor
Exhaust fan Buzzer model
The Waterfall Model The basic test circuit of the sensor
Output circuit diagram Relay connection circuit diagram
Resistance ratio versus concentration gas for MQ2 Arduino programming flow chart for MQ2
GSM flow chart
The overall circuit testing on breadboard The declaration part in Arduinos programming code
The classification of gas state in the program code The overall circuit connection
4
6 7
8 10
11 12
13 14
14 15
16
19 20
21 22
23 25
26
29 29
30 31
11 ix
4.5 4.6
4.7 4.8
4.9 4.10
4.11 4.12
4.13 4.14
4.15 The output of serial monitor for GSM command
Output of serial monitor Output at normal state gas conditions
Output at warning state Output at dangerous state
The final touch of the project The side view of the project
Gas sensor connection Relay connection circuit
Program code to enable output pin The duration program code
32 33
33 34
34 35
35 36
37 38
38
12 x
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS AND NOMENCLATURE
CO -
Carbon Monoxide CO2
- Carbon Dioxide
CH4 -
Methane EDA
- Environmental Protection Agency
GSM -
Global System for Mobile LED
- Light Emitting Diode
LPG -
Liquefied Petroleum Gas I
- Current In The CircuitA
NiOx -
Nitric Oxide PPM
- Parts Per Million
O2 -
Oxygen R
- Resistance Ohm
TiOx -
Titanium Dioxide V
- Voltage Value Volt
V -
Output Voltage Volt
13 xi
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
