TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER CONTENT PAGE
PROJECT TITLE i
AUTHOR DECLARATION ii
SUPERVISOR DECLARATION iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
ABSTRACT v
ABSTRAK vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS vii
LIST OF FIGURE x
LIST OF TABLE xi
LIST OF ABBREVIATION xii
LIST OF APPENDIX xiv
I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Introduction
1 1.2
Objective 2
1.3 Problem Statements
2 1.4
Scope of Work 2
1.5 Project Methodology
5 1.6
Expected Result 7
II LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 WiMAX Overview
9 2.2
Mixer Overview 2.3.1 Introduction
10 2.3.2 Operation
12 2.3.3 Application
13 2.3
Mixers and Their Topologies 2.3.1 Single-Ended Mixer
14 2.3.2 Single Balanced Mixer
15 2.3.3 Double Balanced Mixer
16 2.4
Mixers Parameters 2.4.1 Dynamic Range
17 2.4.2 Conversion Loss
17 2.4.3 Conversion Gain
19 2.4.4 Isolation
20 2.4.5 Linearity
20 2.4.6 Return Loss
21 2.5
Quadrature Hybrid Coupler Basic 22
2.6 Advance Design System ADS
25
III PROJECT METHODOLOGY
3.1 Chapter Overview
26 3.2
Project Methodology 27
3.2 Project Planning
28 3.3
Project Description 30
3.4 Methodology
31 3.5.1 Hybrid Coupler
32 3.5.2 Bandpass Filter
36 3.5.2 Bandpass Filter
37
VI RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Chapter Overview
39 4.2
Quadrature Hybrid Coupler 40
4.3 Bandpass Filter
45 4.4
Single Balanced Mixer 47
V CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Conclusion
50 5.2
Recommendation 51
VI REFERENCES
xiii
LIST OF FIGURE
NO TITLE
PAGE
1.1 Project Scope of Work
3 1.2
Project Flow Chart 6
2.1 WiMAX System
10 2.2
Mixer Symbol 11
2.3 Mixer Block Diagram
12 2.4
Types of Mixer 14
2.5 System Block Diagram
16 2.6
1dB Compression 19
2.7 Basic Configuration of Hybrid Coupler
23 3.1
Project Flow Chart 28
3.2 Mixer Block Diagram
31 3.3
Branch Line Coupler 32
3.4 Coupler Schematic
35 3.5
Coupler Microstrip Layout 35
3.6 Bandpass Filter Schematic
36 3.7
Bandpass Filter Microstrip Layout 37
3.8 Layout of Mixer
37 3.9
Microstrip Mixer Circuit 38
4.1 Coupler Frequency Response Graph Bef. Opt.
40 4.2
Coupler Frequency Response Graph Aft. Opt. 41
4.3 Coupler Port Linearity Graph
41 4.4
Bandpass Filter S11 and S12 Result Graph 45
4.7 Simulation Result of Mixer
47 4.8
Simulation Result for Return Loss 48
4.9 Measurement Result for Return Loss
48
LIST OF TABLE
NO TITLE
PAGE
1.1 Expected Result for Single Balanced Mixer
7 3.1
Mixer Parameter 30
4.1 Coupler Port Loss Result Data
42 4.2
Coupler Result Comparison 43
4.3 Comparison Value of Coupler Dimension
43 4.4
Comparison of Coupler Result 44
4.5 BPF Result Comparison
46
4.6 Bandpass S11 and S12 Result Data
46 4.7
Mixer Result Comparison 49
LIST OF ABBREVIATION
WiMAX -
Worldwide Iteroperability for Microwave Access LTE
- Long-Term Evolution
MAN -
Metropolitan Area Network ADS
- Advanced Design System
AGC -
Automatic Gain Control OFDMA
- Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
DC -
Direct Current PSM
- Projek Sarjana Muda
RF -
Radio Frequency LO
- Local Oscillator
IF -
Intermediate Frequency AM
- Amplitude Modulation
dB -
Decibel VSWR
- Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
BPF -
Bandpass Filter SMIC
- Semicoductor Manufacturing International Corporation
CMOS -
Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor RFIC
- Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit
IEEE -
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers
LIST OF APPENDIX
NO TITLE
PAGE
A Datasheet BAT60A
xvi B
Gantt Chart for PSM I xxii
C Gantt Chart for PSM I
xxii
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Introduction
