4. There is a significant difference in vocabulary size of introvert students taught through crossword puzzle game and clustering technique.
5. There is a significant difference in vocabulary size of extrovert students taught through crossword puzzle game and clustering technique.
This chapter already discussed the literature review of this research which deals with several points of theories. The next chapter discusses about the method of
this research.
III. METHOD
This chapter provides an overview of research design, population and sample, data collecting technique, validity of the instrument, reliability of the instrument,
level of difficulty, discrimination power, scoring system, research procedure, data analysis, and hypothesis testing that were applied in this research.
3.1 Research Design
This research used quantitative approach. The design of this research was factorial design. According to Hatch Lazaration 1991:369, factorial designs are those
where more than one independent variable is involved in the design. Since factorial design was the most common way to study the effect of two or more
independent variables and focused on the design that had only two independent variables that combined all levels of the other independent variables to produce all
possible conditions, this research was suitable with this design. As seen that there were two independent variables from the techniques crossword puzzle game and
clustering technique and it had an upshot to the levels extrovert and introvert, this design was implemented.
In this research, the design included two variables and each variable had two levels. The independent variables were the techniques i.e. crossword puzzle game
and clustering technique, and personality had two levels i.e introvert and extrovert personalities. This would be called a 2x2 two-by-two factorial design because
there were two independent variables, each of which had two levels.
One way to represent a factorial design is with a design table. The table below represents a 2x2 factorial design in which two independent variables are the type
of the technique in teaching vocabulary crossword puzzle game and clustering technique and personality of the students introvert and extrovert.
Table 3.1 Research Design in Table Variable Technique A
Variable Personality B Techniques
Crossword Puzzle Game A1
Clustering Technique A2
Personality Introvert B1
A1B1 A2B1
Extrovert B2 A1B2
A2B2
3.2 Population and Sample
The population of this research was the first grade students at SMAN 1 Purbolinggo in 20162017 academic year. The research took two classes in the
school as the sample. In determining the sample, the class was selected randomly by using lottery. It was applied based on the consideration that every student in
the population had the same chance to be chosen Setiyadi, 2006: 39. The researcher used two classes as experimental class. The samples were X MIA 3 and
X MIA 4 as experimental classes, which consisted of 36 students for each.
3.3 Normality Test
Normality test of the data was conducted to determine whether the sample in this research was normally distributed or not. The calculation used was One sample
Kolmogorov-Sminov formula through SPSS. The results showed that crossword
