xx Students within those ages are also called adolescence. They need teachers
who have a good understanding of the teaching of teaching-learning process.
C. Factors Affecting Language Acquisition Process
There are two factors which may affect a new language. Those are internal factor and external factor in second language acquisition. Harmer, 1998 : 39
1. Internal Factor
The factors included in Learner’s personal condition are called by internal factor. In other words, internal factor can be defined as the factors which come
from or within the learners. a. Age
The second language acquisition’s success will be more guaranteed if the process is done since the learners are on linguistic age or critical
age. The older the learner, the harder the second language acquisition will be.
b. Motivation The learners need high motivation to get success in English learning.
Motivation will affect the learner’s attitude. Every learner has different motivation in learning. The learner which has high long-term goals will
be easier to gain the success than those who have no goals at all. Long- term goals may have something to do in the future such as good mark,
good achievement even good job.
xxi c. Intelligent
Learner’s intelligence has big effect in learning process. Their intelligence will affect the learner whether they are able to face the
challenge in learning process or not. Every learner has different intelligence. A learner who has high intelligence rate will be easier to
understand the lesson given for them and tend to achieve better than those who have low intelligence rate.
d. Personality Learner’s personality shows that they have a talent or not in learning
something. Each learner has different personality and different talent in doing something. If the learner has talent in language field, it will be
easier for them to learn than they who have no talent on it.
2. External Factor
The factor outside of learner’s condition which may affect the learning process is external factor.
a. Environment The environment around the learner can support them in English
learning process. If the environment around the learner gives positive support, the learner will have bigger opportunities to success.
xxii b. Teacher
Many people still have a paradigm that teacher have a full responsibility in determining the success of language acquisition.
Nowadays, this paradigm has changed from teacher-centered to learner-centered. Teacher’s role has also changed to be motivator,
facilitator, guide, resources, organizer, and evaluator which help the learner in second language acquisition process.
c. Resources The material and the topic will give influence to student’s attitude in
learning activity. So the resources for the learner should be interesting and appropriate with the learner. It is also demanded to increase the
quality of the resources to support the learning quality. d. Facilities
The facilities will help and support the learner in second language acquisition. The more complete the facilities, the more successful the
learner will be. By using the complete facilities, the learner has possibilities to improve their skill. Those facilities make the students
able to learn and sharpen their skill in more various ways since they got more media.
D. Brief History of the SMP Negeri 12 Surakarta
