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The Aspects, Micro, and Macroskills of Writing

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4. The Aspects, Micro, and Macroskills of Writing

Writing involves many different aspects. According to Gower 1995, the aspects of writing are as follows: a. Handwriting The writing should be easily read by the readers. The neatness and legibility is important in writing. b. Spelling Spelling means the writing of a word accepted in standard order. In second language learning, errors spelling are often found. c. Punctuation A certain mark to clarify meaning by grouping grammatical units the written material. d. Sentence construction The construction of sentences that is grammatically correct, using the correct word order. e. Organizing a text and paragraphing It involves dividing the information into paragraphs, starting a new paragraph, and ordering the paragraphs to present a logical order. f. Text cohesion The appropriate use of linking words and phrases so that the organization of the text is clear to the reader. g. Registerstyle Using language structures and vocabulary appropriate to the formality and style of the text. In addition, there are some micro and macroskills involved in writing. Brown 2004: 221 states the following: Microskills a. Producing graphemes and ortographic patterns of English. b. Producing writing at an efficient rate of speed to suit the purpose. commit to user c. Producing an acceptable core of words and use appropriate word order patterns. d. Using acceptable grammatical systems e.g. tense, agreement, pluralisastion, patterns and rules. e. Expressing a particular meaning in different grammatical forms. f. Using cohesive devices in written discourse. Macroskills g. Using the rhetorical forms and conventions of written discourse. h. Appropriately accomplishing the communicative functions of written texts according to form and purpose. i. Conveying links and connections between events, and communicate such relations as main idea, supporting idea, new information, given information, generalization, and exemplification. j. Distinguishing between literal and implied meanings when writing. k. Correctly conveying culturally specific references in the context of the written text. l. Developing and using a battery of writing strategies, such as accurately assessing the audience’s interpretation, using pre-writing devices, writing with fluency in the first draft, using paraphrases and synonyms, soliciting peer and instructor feedback, and using feedback for revising and editing.

5. The Criteria of Good Writing

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