Use time connectives firstly, secondly, after that, next, finally, etc. to link separate events into coherent text.
Write your text in the Past tense form. The time allocation is 80 minutes.
Table.3.1. Table of specification of writing skill
No Aspect of
Writing Definition
Percentage
1. Organization
The organization of the text is expressed fluently, ideas clearly statedsupported, dan has a logical
sequencing and cohesiveness. 20
2. Vocabulary
The vocabulary usage is the use of correct word formation, proper word choice and appropriate idiom
usage. 20
3. Content
The ideas expressed clearly, which is, by providing concrete and specific details to clarify the general
ideas the students are presenting. Obviously, the successful writing has enough details to make the
reader see the writer’s picture, feel his feelings, think his thoughts, and understand his ideas.
30
4 Language use
Language use can be seen from using effective sentence, in simple and complex constructions. The
students use appropriate tenses and beautify their composition by variation of sentences, for example,
the using of passive form, inversion, and complex sentence.
25
5 Mechanic
Show mastery of convention which can be seen from their appropriate and correct use of spelling,
punctuation, capitalization, and paragraphing. 5
Adopted from Jacob et al 1981: 90
2. Observation Sheet
The researcher observed students’ learning process by using observation sheets and also interpreted the result of the teaching learning process. The observation
was aimed at finding out students’ interest in following the class and responding
to the topic, students’ attention to teacher’s explanation, and their ability in using linking expressions in their paragraph writing. All of the important things
occurred in the teaching learning process were noted. Here is the example of the students’ observation sheet.
Table 3.2 Students’ Observation Sheet
No Students activities
Students code of stu.
Inv. Note
a b
c d
1 Pre-activity a.
respond to the topic enthusiastically. 2 While-activity
a. pay attention to the teacher explanation.
b. follow to the teacher modeling.
c. follow to the teacher instruction.
d. respond to the teacher questions related to
the topic written. 3 Post-activity
a. able to write a recount text.
3.6
Data Analysis
The data analysis was done during and after the data had been collected in every
cycle. The researcher and the teacher analyzed and made reflection from the data collected from the first cycle. From the analysis and reflection, the researcher
found out the strength and also the weakness of the first cycle so that researcher and teacher could improve the weakness aspect by giving solution in the
following cycle.
In data analysis, the data were classified into two categories, that is, the data of the learning process and of the learning product.
1. Learning Product
In order to find out the learning product, the researcher used writing test to collect the data. After giving the test, the researcher checked students’ writing and gave
the score. Besides, the researcher analyzed students’ writing to find out the errors made by the students. This analysis was very important to know what to improve
in the next cycle. Next, the researcher calculated the number and percentage of the students who get 60 or higher, since referring to the ministry of education
standard, the indication of successful teaching learning process is that if at least 70 o
f students’ score are 60 or higher.
Based on the result of pre-test, there were only 11 students 27.5 who got score 60 or higher. So, the researcher decided 70 o
f students’ score are 60 or higher as standard score in this research. This standard is used to prove that guiding
questions technique can improve students’ writing ability. 1.1
Calculating students’ total score, there are two steps: a. Calculating the scores from 1
st
rater and 2
nd
rater Note:
X = Total score
X1 = Score from 1
st
rater X2
= Score from 2
nd
rater C
= Content O
= Organization V
= Vocabulary L
= Language use M
= Mechanic
b. Calculating the total score
X
1
= C + O + V + L + M
X
2
= C + O + V + L + M
X = X
1
+ X
2
2
1.2 Calculating the percentage of students who get ≥ 60:
Note:
S = percentage of students who get 60 S = number of students who get 60
n = number students in the class
2. Learning Process
