INTRODUCTION A LITERATURE REVIEW 5

x iv R ACIAL PREJUDICE REVEALED IN HARPER LEE’S TO KILL A MOCKINGBIRD By Wening Tyas Rah Hutami 07211144025 Abstract {| }~ | €‚ ƒ „… ~ } ‚ ~ † |  ~ ‡ ~ … |ˆ… „ˆ‰| ~  ‡‚ˆ‚ | ~ Š |‹~ Œˆ |ˆ… | † † ‚ † †  ‚ˆ‹ Ž  ~ } ~† …Œˆ‚  ‘ }‚ ‹| ~ ˆ €‚Œ€ ‚ ‹Œ Ž |… ‹  ‚ Œ‹‚ €‚Œ€ ‚ Ž~ ‹ Œ„‹ ’ ˆŒ Ž~ ˆ‡ } ‚ |  ‘ | Œ„‹ ‹‚  “ ”  ~† ‚ † ‚|  }  ~ † | •„|~ ‹ | ‹~ –‚ † ‹ „…‘ |€€‘ ~ ˆ‡ ‹ ‚ } Œˆ‹‚ˆ‹ |ˆ |‘ † ~†  ‚‹ Œ… “ ”‚ Œ ƒ ‚ } ‹ Œ‰ ‹  ~† † ‹ „… ‘ ~ † — | € ‚ ˜ ‚ ‚ ™ † š › œ ž ž Ÿ › ¡ ¢ £¤¥  ¦ § . ”‚ …| ‹ | } Œ ‚ } ‹ ‚… | ‚ Ž Œ … † ¨ € | † ‚ † ¨ } |„ † ‚ † |ˆ… † ‚ˆ‹‚ˆ} ‚ † ‚|‹‚… ‹Œ  | }~ | € ‚ ƒ „… ~} ‚ ‰ Œ„ˆ… ~ ˆ ‹‚ ˆŒ–‚ “ ”‚ …| ‹ | |ˆ | ‘ † ~† Ž | † } Œˆ…„ }‹ ‚…  ‘ } | † † ~ ‰‘ ~ ˆ ‡ |ˆ… } |‹ ‚ ‡ Œ ~ Š~ ˆ‡ ‹‚ …|‹| ‹ Œ ‰ ~ ˆ… ‹‚ ~ ˆ‰‚ ‚ˆ} ‚ † “ © ˆ | }  ~ ‚ – ~ ˆ‡ ‹‚ ‚~ | ~ ~ ‹ ‘ ¨ ‹ ‚  ‚ † ‚ | }  ‚ ‚|… |ˆ…  ‚ ‚ |… ‹ ‚ ˆŒ–‚ } |‚‰ „  ‘ |ˆ… } Œ  €‚‚ˆ † ~ –‚ ‘ ¨ | ˆ… ‹‚ˆ ‚} Œ …‚… ‹  ‚ …|‹| ~ ˆ‹Œ | † ‘ † ‹ ‚  |‹ ~ } ‰ |  ‚ Ž Œ  ’  | † ‚… Œˆ ‹‚ ‹ ‚ Œ‘ “ ” ‚ ‹  ~ |ˆ ‡ „ |‹ ~ Œˆ  ‚‹Œ… Ž | † |€€~ ‚… ‹Œ ‡ | ~ ˆ ‹ ‚ ‹„ † ‹ Ž Œ ‹  ~ ˆ‚ † † Œ‰ ‹ ‚ … | ‹ |  ‘ }Œˆ † „ ‹ ~ ˆ ‡ ‚ ‰ ~ ˆ… ~ ˆ‡ † Ž ~ ‹  ‚ } Œˆ † „‹ |ˆ‹ † |ˆ… ‰ ~ ‚ ˆ… † “ ”‚ ‚ † „ ‹ Œ‰ ‹ ~ † † ‹ „… ‘ † Œ Ž † ‰ Œ„  ~ €Œ‹|ˆ‹ €Œ ~ ˆ‹ † “ ”‚‘ | ‚  | }~ | €‚ ƒ „… ~} ‚ ~ ˆ ‹ ‚ ˆŒ–‚ ¨ ‹ ‚ } | „ † ‚ † Œ ‰ ‹ ‚  | } ~ | € ‚ƒ „… ~ }‚¨ ‹ ‚ ~  €| } ‹ † Œ‰ ‹  ‚ | } ~ | €‚ ƒ „… ~} ‚¨ | ˆ…  |}~ | €‚ ƒ „… ~ } ‚ † ~ ˆ ‹‚ ˆŒ –‚  ‚‰  ‚} ‹~ ˆ‡ ‹ ‚ ‚ | } Œˆ… ~ ‹~ Œˆ Œ‰ | }~ | €‚ ƒ „… ~} ‚ ~ ˆ ª  |  |  | “ « ~  † ‹ ¨ ‹‚‚ |‚ † Œ  ‚  | }~ | € ‚ ƒ „… ~} ‚ † Ž  ~}  | ‚ …Œˆ‚  ‘  |ˆ‘ ¬ | ‘ } Œ  €‚Œ€ ‚ | ‡ | ~ ˆ † ‹ ‰|  ~ ~ ‚ † Ž ~ ‹  …~ ‰‰ ‚‚ ˆ‹  | ~ ‹ |ˆ… | ‡ | ~ ˆ† ‹  | }’ €‚Œ€‚ “ ­ ‚ } Œˆ…¨ ‹‚ } |„ † ‚ † Œ‰ ‹ ‚  | }~ | €‚ ƒ „… ~ } ‚ |‚ … ~ – ~ …‚ … ~ ˆ‹Œ ‹Ž Œ } | ‹ ‚‡ Œ  ~ ‚ † “ ”Œ † ‚ | ‚ … ~ ‰‰ ‚ ‚ˆ} ‚ † ~ ˆ }„ † ‹ Œ  |ˆ… … ~ ‰‰ ‚‚ ˆ }‚ † ~ ˆ | } ‚ “ ” ~  …¨ ‹‚ ~ €| } ‹† Œ‰ ‹ ‚ | }~ |  € ‚ ƒ „… ~} ‚ | ‚ … ~ † }  ~ ~ ˆ| ‹~ Œˆ¨ † ‚‡ ‚ ‡| ‹~ Œˆ¨ |ˆ… Œ€€‚ † † ~ Œˆ ~ ˆ † Œ }~ ‚‹ ‘ “ ” ‚ | † ‹ ‚ † „ ‹ ~ † ‹ ‚  ‚‰‚} ‹ ~ Œˆ Œ‰  | }~ | € ‚ ƒ „… ~} ‚ ~ ˆ ‹‚ ˆŒ–‚ ‹ Œ Ž |…  | }~ |  €‚ ƒ „… ~} ‚ ~ ˆ ‹ ‚  ‚| } Œˆ… ~ ‹ ~ Œˆ ~ ˆ ª |  |  | “ 1 ® ¯ ° ±² ³ ´ µ µ ¶ ² ´ O · ¸ ® ² µ ¹ ¶ ° . Background of the Study According to Collin 1970:251, prejudice is an intergroup phenomenon; a group is the basic target of prejudice and individuals are hated or despised because of their membership in that group. Although any groups can become the object of prejudice, racial, ethnic, and minority groups are most often victimized. Thus we shall here often use the terms “Racial Prejudice.” Racial prejudice is attitudes or beliefs concerning any minority racial, ethnic or national group that are disadvantageous to the members of that group. As written in Encyclopedia Americana 2004: 545, racial prejudice is a negative attitude toward a group of people who have some characteristic in common that is not shared by all people. Racial prejudice is expressed in attitude showing dislike or distrust of certain racial group or people that is based on fear or false information rather on reason or experience. Racial prejudice is a crucial problem in the early twenty centuries. It happened in America as a multicultural country but also around the world. Thus, the United Nations makes a declaration to handle the problem of race and racial prejudice to bring peace on earth.