Observation Checklist Research Instruments

31 No. Questions Descriptions 2. Question number 4 to 11 Those questions gathered data about the students’ individual performance eventhough they work together. 3. Question number 12 to 20 Those questions collected data about the students’ social skills and positive interdependence. 4. Question number 21 to 28 Those questions gathered data about the students’ role as member of the group to work collaboratively with other group members and to help each other. 5. Question number 29 to 31 Those questions asked about how well the students are achieving their goalswhile maintaining effective working process. The second interview guideline was for the teacher. The researcher used the second interview guideline Table 3.4 in order to obtain qualitative data about the implementation of cooperative learning in the class to answer the second research question. Table 3.4 Blueprint of the Interview for the Teacher No. Theories Questions 1. There are some factors that determine the success of group work. The factors are the learning goals of the group and the task given Nation, 1989. The teacher has to create a highly structured and well- organized learning environment in the classroom, setting goals, planning and structuring tasks, establishing the physical arrangement of the classroom, assigning students to groups and roles, and selecting materials and time Johnson et al. 1994. Question number 1, 2 and 3 2. There are some factors that determine the success of group work. The factors are the way information is distributed, the seating arrangement of the members of the group and the social relationships between the members of the group Nation, 1989. Question number 4, 5 and 6 3. The teacher are giving feedback, redirecting the group with questions, encouraging thinking, managing conflict, observing students, evaluating activity and supplying resources Harel, 1992: 169. Question number 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 4. Students are encouraged to help each other. Students share resources with other, provide constructive feedback, challenge other member’s reasoning and ideas, keep an open mind, act in a trustworthy way, and promote a safe feeling for all by reducing anxiety Johnson et al. 1994. Question number 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 32 No. Theories Questions 5. One of three steps to achieve the success of the group work is the ability to assess the group’s situation Douglas, 1978. Question number 17, 18, 19 and 20 The researcher can repeat the questions in case the respondents the students and the teacher do not understand the questions. The researcher can also develop the questions so that there is a possibility for the researcher to gain additional information supporting the research.

E. Data Gathering Technique

The data of this research were gathered by observing the class, distributing the questionnaire and conducting the interview with the students and the teacher. The researcher conducted the research after the researcher getting the permission from the Chairperson of English Language Education Sanata Dharma University and the Headmaster of JHS 2 Mlati. The researcher observed the class in order to conduct a preliminary research about the field of research. The questionnaire and interview sessions with the students of 8D class were conducted to answer the first problem about the students’ perceptions of cooperative learning implemented in their class. The observation and interview sessions with the teacher were conducted to answer the second problem on how cooperative learning was implemented in English class. The researcher used the observation checklist to check whether theories about cooperative learning the researcher found were also conducted in the class.