CHAPTER 2. THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
In analyzing racism described in the novel, this presented research needs some previous researches to make comparison between the last research and this new
research. The previous researches give contributions to designate the distinction both of research. Moreover, this research also needs a theory from a theorist to solve the
problems. This chapter explains Genetic Structuralism theory in detail.
2.1. The Previous Research
The research needs comparison between the last research and the presented research. It is very important because a research must give new view and gap. The
research is not only looking for object but also it needs to know how to analyze it. This research uses Genetic Structuralism to solve the problems of racism in the novel
as intrinsic element into its meaning extrinsic element. Here, some researches have similarities with the object, theory and methods, but those researches are different
from this research because this research takes new gap. This research is assisted by some previous researches below.
The first previous research is from the student of University of Jember entitled “An Analysis of Atticus’s moral values in Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird
“2012 by Dede Nugraha. The research object is the same as this presented research but the study is different. The goal of Dede’s thesis is telling about moral value of the
first character named Atticus. Dede concludes that there are faith, good will, bravery, friendship, care, and love transferred by Harper Lee through the first character,
Atticus. Dede uses Good Will and Self-Evidence theory. By the theories, Dede found Atticus’s way of thinking that was delivered to the readers. It means Dede extended
the moral values through the character’s way of thinking.
The second previous research is entitled The Portrait of Racialism in Great Depression Era Seen From The Selected Langston Hughes’s Poems 2012 written by
Angga Hartono Putra. The thesis was talking about racialism in South America. The majors of racial problems are skin color, discrimination, stereotype and also racial
segregation. Angga uses Greenblatt’s new historicism to analyze his research. By the
theory, Angga examined t he condition of Hughes’ poem and the position as the agent
of a class. It was dissimilar theory from this presented research. The result of Angga’s
thesis tells about the rejection of racialism that is constructed in the poem. This presented research has
the same result with Angga’s research. Both of literary work’s writers reject racialism that occurred in Great Depression era.
The last previous research is written by Desinta Nugrahaningrum, the student of University of Jember entitled as Consumerism in Early
21st Century Women’s Lifestyle in Sophie Kinsella’s Mini Shopaholic 2014. Her thesis explained about
postmodern women as shopaholics who lived in 21st century. Desinta analyzed about postmodern women life style and ideology of consumerism constructed in London
society. She uses Genetic Structuralism theory to analyze consumerism and to analyze some concepts of consumerism to develop an ideology brought by
postmodern women. Desinta concerned to postmodern women and how their willing to possess anything and to get branded product. Desinta explained how the upper
middle-class women become the high-class women through branded product and how far the influence of the branded product to the women
’s life. This presented research has the same theory with
Desinta’s thesis. It means the method that is used in this thesis is the same as her thesis, but it still has some distinctions from this presented
research because the object and the topic are different.
2.2. Lucien Goldmann’s Genetic Structuralism
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