THE CORRELATION BETWEEN PARENTSÂ’ INVOLVEMENT AND ENGLISH ACHIEVEMENT AT SMPN 4 BALIKPAPAN
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN PARENTS’ INVOLVEMENT AND ENGLISH
ACHIEVEMENT AT SMPN 4 BALIKPAPAN
THESIS
By:
YUANA CHUSNUL CHOTIMAH
09360251
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
FACULTY TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT 2013 – 2014
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN PARENTS’ INVOLVEMENT AND ENGLISH
ACHIEVEMENT AT SMPN 4 BALIKPAPAN
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to
Achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education
By:
YUANA CHUSNUL CHOTIMAH
( 09360251 )
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
FACULTY TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT 2013 – 2014
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
’’Al ays be yourself and ne er be anyone else even if they look better than you”
Selalu jadi diri sendiri dan jangan pernah menjadi orang lain meskipun mereka tampak lebih baik dari
pada anda
Habis Gelap Terbitlah Terang
DEDICATION
I dedicated this thesis to:
My beloved father and mother,
My young brother,
My sweaty dream,
And my friends.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Approval
i
Legalization
ii
Motto and Dedication
iii
Abstract
iv
Acknowledgment
v
List of Table
vi
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the Study ……………………………………… 1
1.2
Statements of problem
……………………………………… 3
1.3
Objective of the Study
……………………………………… 3
1.4
Hypothesis
……………………………………… 3
1.5
Importance of the Study ……………………………………… 3
1.6
Scope and limitation
……………………………………… 4
1.7
Definition of key term
……………………………………… 4
CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1
Family, Parents and Achievement ……………………………… 6
2.1.1
Parents Education
……………………………………… 6
2.1.2
Parents Job
……………………………………… 7
2.1.3
2.2
Parents Social Economic Status
Factor influencing learning
……………………... 7
……………………………….. 8
……………………………………….. 8
2.2.1
Personal Factors
2.2.2
Environmental Factors
……………………………….. 11
2.3
English Achievement
……………………………………….. 12
2.4
Achievement score
……………………………………….. 13
2.5
2.4.1
Understanding of Achievement score ……………………….. 14
2.4.2
Form of Achievement score ……………………………….. 14
……………………………………….. 15
Previous Studies
CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1
Research Design
……………………………………….. 17
3.2
Population and sample
……………………………………….. 18
3.3
3.4
3.2.1
Population
……………………………………………….. 18
3.2.2
Sample
……………………………………………….. 18
Data collection
……………………………………………….. 19
3.3.1
Research Instrument ……………………………………….. 19
3.3.2
Procedures of Data Collection
Data Analysis
……………………….. 20
……………………………………………….. 21
3.4.1
Correlation Between Two Variables ……………………….. 21
3.4.2
Validity And Reliability
3.4.3
Test Validity and Reliability
……………………………….. 22
by using IBM SPSS Statistics 21
……………………….. 22
3.4.3.1 Validity Analysis
……………………………….. 22
3.4.3.2 Reliability Analysis
……………………………….. 24
CHAPTER IV : RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION
4.1
Findings
4.1.1
……………………………………………………… 25
The correlation between parent’s involvement and students’ English Achievement
……………………………………… 25
4.2
Discussions……………………………………………………… 31
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1
Conclusion
……………………………………………… 32
5.2
Suggestions
……………………………………………… 32
References
Arikunto, Suharsimi 2003. Dasar-dasar Evaluasi Pendidikan Jakarta: Bumi
Aksara.
Ary, Donald 2002. Introduction to Research in Education. United States of
America: wads worth group.
Bower, G H et.all. 1986 Theories of learning. Engle wood cliffs, NJ Retice Hall.
Fullan, Michel. 1993. The new Meaning of Educational change. Michigan: Braun
Brumfield, Inc.
Kumar, Suresh 2010. Parental involvement in children’s education: Does the
parents’ Educational Level Really Matter? Malaysia: University Sains.
Mufida, Sita 2003. A Study On The Use Of Teaching Media in Teaching
Vocabulary At SDN Wonorejo 1 Lawang. Malang. Unpublished Thesis.
Mujiati, Wiwik 1995. A study of the correlation between family background and
the English achievement of the second year Students of SMA 1 Kanjuruhan
Malang: IKIP Malang.
Morrison, George 1999. Early children Education Today: Fourth Edition.
Park, Chirs 2003. Enaging atudents in learning process: the learning journal.
United Kingdom: Lancaster University.
Richard, Jack 2001. Curriculum Development in language teaching. United States
of America: Cambridge University Perrs.
Santrock, John W 2003. Perkembangan Remaja. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Winkel,Ws 2004. Psikologi Pengajaran.Yogyakarta: Media Abadi.
Woeessmann, Ludger 2004. How equal are Educational opportunities? Familly
background and students achievement in Europe and the US. Germany:
University of Munich.
http://Englishachievement.about.com/od/d/guides/teaching/gentopic/pop4a.cfm.accesed on May,
2013.
http://www.ehow.com/info_8654336_types-parents-education.accessed on May,
2013.
http://parents.involvements.com/info_55544333-parents.html.accessed on May,
2013.
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Student’s achievements are influenced by factors such as family
background, school and society. There are some statements from expert that
family is the place where students are educated primarily. It is explained by
Constitution of Indonesia No.20, year 2003 about National Education system
(Chapter IV Article 7 part 2) “Parents of the children entitled to receive
compulsory education shall have obligation to ensure basic education for their
children.”
Obviously education in Indonesia is continued forever in family, school,
and society. And so education is vital to be implemented to a child in family.
Morrison (1988:414) said:
“Children are born into many different kinds of families, and parents create for
children a wide variety of living arrangements. These family structure affect, in
obvious and subtle ways, children’s development and how early educators relate
to them”.
It can be underlined that parents have important role in education of their
children. Morrison (1988:414) also mentions that “A parent is anyone who
provides children with basic care, direction, support, protection, and guidance”.
Parents have to know the psychological development of their children
education is based on it. It is mentioned by Fullan (1982:228) that there is
consistent evidence that parent’s encouragement, activities, interest at home and
their participation at school affect their children’s achievement, even after the
1
2
students’ ability and family socio economic status is taken into account. Students
gain in personal and academic development if their family emphasize schooling,
let their children know what they do, and do so continually over the years.
Based on the statements above, it can be concluded that the parents have
great influence on the education of children and their achievement. In this case,
the children’s achievement can also depend on the different parent’s background.
For example in educating children, parents with higher education level do better
in educating their children than the lower ones do. Besides, there are also many
factors which influence the children’s achievement. Namely: (1) Parents’
Education Level, (2) Parents’ Job, (3) Parents’ Social – Economic status (Kurtz –
Costes, & Mahoney, 1997)
Parents’ role is important being analyzed as the factors that influence
students ‘English achievement. It is because parents are the closest one where
students get their first Education. Parents as one of external factors that influence
children’ learning achievement has the important role in the learning process of
their children. According to the research conducted by Wiwik (1995) family
background has an influence to the students’ English achievement.
Therefore, the researcher wants to investigate the correlation between
parents’ involvement and the English achievement of the third year students of
SMPN 4 Balikpapan. The research is conducted to the third year students because
they have final test to pass their junior high school grade. So, it was easy for the
researcher to get the data of their achievement score. The researcher chooses
3
SMPN 4 Balikpapan because she hopes it helps the teacher to know the
correlation between parents’ involvement and students’ achievement.
1.2 Statements of the Problem
This research attempts to find the answer of the following question:
1. Is there any correlation between parents’ involvement and students’
English achievements?
1.3 Objective of the Study
Based on the problem above, the objective of this study is:
1. To investigate whether or not there is any correlation between parents’
involvement and students’ English achievement.
1.4 Hypothesis
1. Null Hypothesis (Ho): Parents involvement has no correlation on students’
English achievement.
2. Alternative Hypothesis (Ha): Parents involvement has a positive correlation
on students’ English achievement.
1.5 Importance of the Study
Parents have important role for their children learning result. Based on
previous research about family background and students’ English achievement by
Wiwik (1995), the result shows that parents’ educational level, parents’ job, and
4
parents’ social-economic status have influence to students’ achievement. It is
expected that the result of the study will be useful:
1. For parents as a feedback to give more help to their children in learning
and to know how far the achievement of their children is.
2. For the teacher as an input to know how far the influence to the students
learning achievement of the students is, so that they take positive steps in
teaching learning process.
3. For headmaster as an input to take precise steps to reach the aims of
educational program.
1.6 Scope and Limitation
This study is focused on the correlation between parents’ involvement
with the students’ English achievement in this study includes the proficiency of
students in their English subject. This study is limited to the students at SMPN 4
Balikpapan especially the third year students and parents of the students.
I.7 Definition of Key Terms
To avoid misunderstanding, it is necessary for the writer to explain some
terms use to this study:
1. Correlation is shared relationship or connection of cause and effect
(Dictionary of contemporary English: 2330)
2. Parents’ involvement is the involvement of parents in motivating, guiding,
monitoring, and controlling the students’ learning process at home. If the
5
parents’ involvement to the students is going smoothly, it can enhance the
students’ learning process and achievement.
3. Student English achievement is defined as the students’ mastery on
knowledge and skill for English that have been taught by the teacher.
English Achievement as an outcome of the education. Achievement is
shown by the students’ grades or scores. English achievement was
established by students’ scores in which subject reach out the standardized
of English proficiency.
ACHIEVEMENT AT SMPN 4 BALIKPAPAN
THESIS
By:
YUANA CHUSNUL CHOTIMAH
09360251
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
FACULTY TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT 2013 – 2014
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN PARENTS’ INVOLVEMENT AND ENGLISH
ACHIEVEMENT AT SMPN 4 BALIKPAPAN
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to
Achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education
By:
YUANA CHUSNUL CHOTIMAH
( 09360251 )
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
FACULTY TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT 2013 – 2014
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
’’Al ays be yourself and ne er be anyone else even if they look better than you”
Selalu jadi diri sendiri dan jangan pernah menjadi orang lain meskipun mereka tampak lebih baik dari
pada anda
Habis Gelap Terbitlah Terang
DEDICATION
I dedicated this thesis to:
My beloved father and mother,
My young brother,
My sweaty dream,
And my friends.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Approval
i
Legalization
ii
Motto and Dedication
iii
Abstract
iv
Acknowledgment
v
List of Table
vi
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the Study ……………………………………… 1
1.2
Statements of problem
……………………………………… 3
1.3
Objective of the Study
……………………………………… 3
1.4
Hypothesis
……………………………………… 3
1.5
Importance of the Study ……………………………………… 3
1.6
Scope and limitation
……………………………………… 4
1.7
Definition of key term
……………………………………… 4
CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1
Family, Parents and Achievement ……………………………… 6
2.1.1
Parents Education
……………………………………… 6
2.1.2
Parents Job
……………………………………… 7
2.1.3
2.2
Parents Social Economic Status
Factor influencing learning
……………………... 7
……………………………….. 8
……………………………………….. 8
2.2.1
Personal Factors
2.2.2
Environmental Factors
……………………………….. 11
2.3
English Achievement
……………………………………….. 12
2.4
Achievement score
……………………………………….. 13
2.5
2.4.1
Understanding of Achievement score ……………………….. 14
2.4.2
Form of Achievement score ……………………………….. 14
……………………………………….. 15
Previous Studies
CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1
Research Design
……………………………………….. 17
3.2
Population and sample
……………………………………….. 18
3.3
3.4
3.2.1
Population
……………………………………………….. 18
3.2.2
Sample
……………………………………………….. 18
Data collection
……………………………………………….. 19
3.3.1
Research Instrument ……………………………………….. 19
3.3.2
Procedures of Data Collection
Data Analysis
……………………….. 20
……………………………………………….. 21
3.4.1
Correlation Between Two Variables ……………………….. 21
3.4.2
Validity And Reliability
3.4.3
Test Validity and Reliability
……………………………….. 22
by using IBM SPSS Statistics 21
……………………….. 22
3.4.3.1 Validity Analysis
……………………………….. 22
3.4.3.2 Reliability Analysis
……………………………….. 24
CHAPTER IV : RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION
4.1
Findings
4.1.1
……………………………………………………… 25
The correlation between parent’s involvement and students’ English Achievement
……………………………………… 25
4.2
Discussions……………………………………………………… 31
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1
Conclusion
……………………………………………… 32
5.2
Suggestions
……………………………………………… 32
References
Arikunto, Suharsimi 2003. Dasar-dasar Evaluasi Pendidikan Jakarta: Bumi
Aksara.
Ary, Donald 2002. Introduction to Research in Education. United States of
America: wads worth group.
Bower, G H et.all. 1986 Theories of learning. Engle wood cliffs, NJ Retice Hall.
Fullan, Michel. 1993. The new Meaning of Educational change. Michigan: Braun
Brumfield, Inc.
Kumar, Suresh 2010. Parental involvement in children’s education: Does the
parents’ Educational Level Really Matter? Malaysia: University Sains.
Mufida, Sita 2003. A Study On The Use Of Teaching Media in Teaching
Vocabulary At SDN Wonorejo 1 Lawang. Malang. Unpublished Thesis.
Mujiati, Wiwik 1995. A study of the correlation between family background and
the English achievement of the second year Students of SMA 1 Kanjuruhan
Malang: IKIP Malang.
Morrison, George 1999. Early children Education Today: Fourth Edition.
Park, Chirs 2003. Enaging atudents in learning process: the learning journal.
United Kingdom: Lancaster University.
Richard, Jack 2001. Curriculum Development in language teaching. United States
of America: Cambridge University Perrs.
Santrock, John W 2003. Perkembangan Remaja. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Winkel,Ws 2004. Psikologi Pengajaran.Yogyakarta: Media Abadi.
Woeessmann, Ludger 2004. How equal are Educational opportunities? Familly
background and students achievement in Europe and the US. Germany:
University of Munich.
http://Englishachievement.about.com/od/d/guides/teaching/gentopic/pop4a.cfm.accesed on May,
2013.
http://www.ehow.com/info_8654336_types-parents-education.accessed on May,
2013.
http://parents.involvements.com/info_55544333-parents.html.accessed on May,
2013.
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Student’s achievements are influenced by factors such as family
background, school and society. There are some statements from expert that
family is the place where students are educated primarily. It is explained by
Constitution of Indonesia No.20, year 2003 about National Education system
(Chapter IV Article 7 part 2) “Parents of the children entitled to receive
compulsory education shall have obligation to ensure basic education for their
children.”
Obviously education in Indonesia is continued forever in family, school,
and society. And so education is vital to be implemented to a child in family.
Morrison (1988:414) said:
“Children are born into many different kinds of families, and parents create for
children a wide variety of living arrangements. These family structure affect, in
obvious and subtle ways, children’s development and how early educators relate
to them”.
It can be underlined that parents have important role in education of their
children. Morrison (1988:414) also mentions that “A parent is anyone who
provides children with basic care, direction, support, protection, and guidance”.
Parents have to know the psychological development of their children
education is based on it. It is mentioned by Fullan (1982:228) that there is
consistent evidence that parent’s encouragement, activities, interest at home and
their participation at school affect their children’s achievement, even after the
1
2
students’ ability and family socio economic status is taken into account. Students
gain in personal and academic development if their family emphasize schooling,
let their children know what they do, and do so continually over the years.
Based on the statements above, it can be concluded that the parents have
great influence on the education of children and their achievement. In this case,
the children’s achievement can also depend on the different parent’s background.
For example in educating children, parents with higher education level do better
in educating their children than the lower ones do. Besides, there are also many
factors which influence the children’s achievement. Namely: (1) Parents’
Education Level, (2) Parents’ Job, (3) Parents’ Social – Economic status (Kurtz –
Costes, & Mahoney, 1997)
Parents’ role is important being analyzed as the factors that influence
students ‘English achievement. It is because parents are the closest one where
students get their first Education. Parents as one of external factors that influence
children’ learning achievement has the important role in the learning process of
their children. According to the research conducted by Wiwik (1995) family
background has an influence to the students’ English achievement.
Therefore, the researcher wants to investigate the correlation between
parents’ involvement and the English achievement of the third year students of
SMPN 4 Balikpapan. The research is conducted to the third year students because
they have final test to pass their junior high school grade. So, it was easy for the
researcher to get the data of their achievement score. The researcher chooses
3
SMPN 4 Balikpapan because she hopes it helps the teacher to know the
correlation between parents’ involvement and students’ achievement.
1.2 Statements of the Problem
This research attempts to find the answer of the following question:
1. Is there any correlation between parents’ involvement and students’
English achievements?
1.3 Objective of the Study
Based on the problem above, the objective of this study is:
1. To investigate whether or not there is any correlation between parents’
involvement and students’ English achievement.
1.4 Hypothesis
1. Null Hypothesis (Ho): Parents involvement has no correlation on students’
English achievement.
2. Alternative Hypothesis (Ha): Parents involvement has a positive correlation
on students’ English achievement.
1.5 Importance of the Study
Parents have important role for their children learning result. Based on
previous research about family background and students’ English achievement by
Wiwik (1995), the result shows that parents’ educational level, parents’ job, and
4
parents’ social-economic status have influence to students’ achievement. It is
expected that the result of the study will be useful:
1. For parents as a feedback to give more help to their children in learning
and to know how far the achievement of their children is.
2. For the teacher as an input to know how far the influence to the students
learning achievement of the students is, so that they take positive steps in
teaching learning process.
3. For headmaster as an input to take precise steps to reach the aims of
educational program.
1.6 Scope and Limitation
This study is focused on the correlation between parents’ involvement
with the students’ English achievement in this study includes the proficiency of
students in their English subject. This study is limited to the students at SMPN 4
Balikpapan especially the third year students and parents of the students.
I.7 Definition of Key Terms
To avoid misunderstanding, it is necessary for the writer to explain some
terms use to this study:
1. Correlation is shared relationship or connection of cause and effect
(Dictionary of contemporary English: 2330)
2. Parents’ involvement is the involvement of parents in motivating, guiding,
monitoring, and controlling the students’ learning process at home. If the
5
parents’ involvement to the students is going smoothly, it can enhance the
students’ learning process and achievement.
3. Student English achievement is defined as the students’ mastery on
knowledge and skill for English that have been taught by the teacher.
English Achievement as an outcome of the education. Achievement is
shown by the students’ grades or scores. English achievement was
established by students’ scores in which subject reach out the standardized
of English proficiency.