Genetic, biotic and physiological factors in seed production of teak a case study in clonal seed orchard in East Java
RETNO BALUPI. Genetic, Biotic and Physiological Factors in Seed
on of Teak (Tectona grandis E.f.): A case study in clonal seed orchard
a. Under the supervision of SJAMSOE'OED SADJAD, DEDY
I SOLIHIN, SUDARSONQ, JOHN PIT. OWENS.
1981 the government-owned company Perum Perhutani established a
clonal seed orchard (CSO) in East Java. It was expected to fulfill the
enetically improved seeds for plantation managed by the company.
low h i t production of 3.75-30.44ton/year or 0.03-2.3kg/tree, the
only supply 40-50% of the total demand.
h the mating system and pollen dispersal in teak plantation have been
tle is known regarding their relation to fruit set. In perennial crops,
ature f i t abortion are commonly found as the main cause of low
duction. It is very likely that teak and other tropical tree species
similar problems. Self-incompatibility is considered to be the major
e low h i t set resulting in low seed production due to high incidence of
his may be worsened by the fact that the availability of efficient
cient. There is much merit in understanding their behavior and
it production. Premature fruit abortion usually coincides with
increase in embryo development which requires a considerable amount of
for nutrient between developing h i t s limits metabolites that
result in fruit abortion.
tors that affect seed production as background, the research
d to answer the following questions: 1) How does the mating system
ion relate to h i t set?; 2) What are the important pollinators and what is
ation eficiency?; and, 3) What are the physiological factors affecting fruit
set of methodologies were employed to address the first question. First,
of h i t set and period of flower and fruit abortions fkom
s were carried out during the flowering seasons of 1999
flowers and fruits were counted twice a week
on (WAP), and then once every 2 wks from 2-24 WAP.
ion in nature and the number of pollen grains per
every two hours from 09.00-1 7.00 h on the day of
during flowering seasons for the two years. Second, an experiment on the
system was carried out in 2001 using five types of pollinations: a)
asculated and bagged to prevent pollination and
y (flowers were bagged so that pollination would
f insects); c) controlled self-pollination (flowers
pollinated with pollen from the same flower or
(flowers were left open for pollination); and, 5)
were emasculated and immediately pollinated
on of Teak (Tectona grandis E.f.): A case study in clonal seed orchard
a. Under the supervision of SJAMSOE'OED SADJAD, DEDY
I SOLIHIN, SUDARSONQ, JOHN PIT. OWENS.
1981 the government-owned company Perum Perhutani established a
clonal seed orchard (CSO) in East Java. It was expected to fulfill the
enetically improved seeds for plantation managed by the company.
low h i t production of 3.75-30.44ton/year or 0.03-2.3kg/tree, the
only supply 40-50% of the total demand.
h the mating system and pollen dispersal in teak plantation have been
tle is known regarding their relation to fruit set. In perennial crops,
ature f i t abortion are commonly found as the main cause of low
duction. It is very likely that teak and other tropical tree species
similar problems. Self-incompatibility is considered to be the major
e low h i t set resulting in low seed production due to high incidence of
his may be worsened by the fact that the availability of efficient
cient. There is much merit in understanding their behavior and
it production. Premature fruit abortion usually coincides with
increase in embryo development which requires a considerable amount of
for nutrient between developing h i t s limits metabolites that
result in fruit abortion.
tors that affect seed production as background, the research
d to answer the following questions: 1) How does the mating system
ion relate to h i t set?; 2) What are the important pollinators and what is
ation eficiency?; and, 3) What are the physiological factors affecting fruit
set of methodologies were employed to address the first question. First,
of h i t set and period of flower and fruit abortions fkom
s were carried out during the flowering seasons of 1999
flowers and fruits were counted twice a week
on (WAP), and then once every 2 wks from 2-24 WAP.
ion in nature and the number of pollen grains per
every two hours from 09.00-1 7.00 h on the day of
during flowering seasons for the two years. Second, an experiment on the
system was carried out in 2001 using five types of pollinations: a)
asculated and bagged to prevent pollination and
y (flowers were bagged so that pollination would
f insects); c) controlled self-pollination (flowers
pollinated with pollen from the same flower or
(flowers were left open for pollination); and, 5)
were emasculated and immediately pollinated