Introduction ArcticSDP Report Phase 1 (full resolution)

COIN-ARCTIC-SD 10 6 Application : COIN COIN description [2014, 2015] : NRCan GeoConnections program.

6.1 Introduction

In the domain of the environment, the study of the evolution of observation data is a central task. Beyond the analysis of their own data, it is essential for researchers to cross them with other data. The evolution of the Internet greatly facilitates the possibilities of access and data exchange, as is evident in the geomatics implementation of spatial data infrastructures. However, the heterogeneity of models, data, metadata and formats and their change over time, remains a major difficulty in integrating different sources. Currently, after the tremendous growth of Web 2.0, we are witnessing an evolution of the world wide web to what the W3C refers to as web data: a model for simple, flexible and powerful data, the Resource Description Framework RDF Cyganiak et al, 2014, which, based on web infrastructure, facilitates publication and exchange of data across the web; representation models, especially RDFS Brickley and Guha 2004 and OWL Hitzler et al., 2012, to define the form of ontologies knowledge to give a semantics to data semantics that can be exploited by computer programs. The initiative of open and linked data Linked Open Data Bizer et al., 2009 follows this line, whose principles were set out by Tim Berners-Lee Berners-Lee 2006 : 1 use of URIs Uniform Resource Identifiers to name identify things, 2 use of HTTP URIs to consult these addresses, 3 when a URI is accessed, provide useful information using open standards RDF, SPARQL, ..., 4 include links to other URIs in order to discover more things. These are the principles that we propose to apply to environmental data on water quality in northern Canada among others and which were used to study the impact of climate change in the Arctic and Subarctic regions Lim al., 2008. In the present document we present the tabular data in RDF processing by associating a semantic model, enrichment by linking to other data, their access through a web interface mapping. COIN allowed us to understand the various steps necessary for such an approach and approach the different technologies necessary for its implementation. Our case study focused on the Arctic and COIN-ARCTIC-SD 11 Subarctic ecosystems, biological and chemical data come either from water monitoring stations or sampling campaigns. The purpose of this data set is to help the researcher to answer the question: what is the status of biodiversity in the arctic and subarctic zones and establish a time line Lim et al., 2005. Over the years a number of data have been collected, sometimes of different types and forms stored in various file formats. For easy operation, we propose a conceptual model ontology that will represent them in RDF format and then link them to other external data sources.

6.2 Ontology and linked open data application