CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
A. Speaking
1. The Nature of Speaking
Speaking is an important instrument of communication. People use it almost constantly. As human beings, especially as social creature we have a need
to make meaning of our surroundings. We have a need to express our thoughts, opinions, or feelings in order to be accepted in social life. “Speaking does not only
make sound by the speech organs but ideas and emotions. Speaking is the active use of language to express meaning so that other people can make sense of them,
therefore, the label of productive use of language can be applied to speaking”.
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While another expert said that speaking is “the process of building and sharing meaning through the use of verbal and non-verbal symbols, in a variety of
contexts”.
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To express their ideas in foreign language, the learners will use their existing language resources, built up from previous experience of language use.
The word speaking has many different meanings or definitions on linguistics’ views. Another definition of speaking is making use of words in an
ordinary voice, offering words, knowing and being able to use a language
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Lynne Cameron, Teaching Language to Young Learners, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001, p. 40.
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Hayriye Kayi
,
Teaching Speaking: Activities to Promote Speaking in a Second Language.
Nevada: University of Nevada, Internet TESL Journal, Vol. XII, No. 11, November 2006, p. 1. From: http:iteslj.org http:iteslj.orgArticlesKayi-Teaching Speaking.html.
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expressing one-self in words, acquired through listening and reading.
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While the definition of speaking ability is “the ability to produce sentences, to express, to
state, or to deliver thoughts, ideas and feelings. Speaking is human behaviors which use physics: psychological, neurological, semantic, and linguistic and in
general it can be considered as a tool of social control”.
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Referring to the definitions above, we may conclude that speaking is giving oral expression to thoughts, opinions, or feelings in a variety of contexts by
using speech organs that is built up from previous experience of language use.
2. Elements of Speaking
Kategori