Study Of External Nozzle Design.

APPROVAL

‘I hereby approve have read this thesis submitted to the senate of UTeM and have accepted this thesis as partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree in

Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering (Design and Innovation) ’.

Signature : ……….

Supervisor 1 : EN. MOHD HAIZAL BIN MOHD HUSIN

STUDY OF EXTERNAL NOZZLE DESIGN

SYAUQI BIN MOHD HASHIM

This report is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering (Design and Innovation)

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka

ii

DECLARATION

“I hereby, declared this thesis entitled STUDY OF EXTERNAL NOZZLE DESIGN

is the results of my own research except as cited in the references”.

Signature : ... Author’s Name : SYAUQI BIN MOHD HASHIM Date : ...

iii

DEDICATION

iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, I want to express my grateful to Allah S.W.T. for ease the way for me to finish this thesis with achievement and enjoyment. I thankful to Allah for the strength that keeps me standing and for the hope that keeps me believing the positive possibilities for my thesis. Also, I want to express my sincere gratitude to Mr. Mohd Haizal b. Mohd Husin, my supervisor, who have given his whelming support, guidance and consideration in helping me to finish this thesis.

Then, I would like to thank to my family who inspired, encouraged and fully supported me for every trails that comes. In giving me not just financial, but morally and spiritually. To my friends who willingly helped me to gather the necessary data’s and information needed for this thesis.

Last but not least, I would like to thanks to all UTeM lectures and labratory technicians who give support and helping me throughout the fabricate process and finishing this thesis. I hope that this thesis can give much informations to all who needs.

v

ABSTRAK

Nozel penyembur jenis semburan kon penuh adalah nozel yang paling banyak digunakan di dalam industri seperti proses cucian dan bilasan, proses penyejukan di dalam kebuk pembakaran, pencegahan pembakaran sewaktu kecemasan dan sebagainya. Projek Sarjana Muda (PSM) ini melingkupi kajian berkenaan rekabentuk luaran nozel penyembur untuk mendapatkan bentuk semburan kon penuh yang terbaik. Kajian ini akan lebih menjurus kepada jenis nozel berpusar yang boleh menghasilkan bentuk semburan kon penuh dan masalah-masalah yang mengehadkan keupayaan nozel jenis ini. Penyelesaiannya, PSM ini akan mencangkupi proses rekabentuk konsep-konsep bagi nozel jenis berpusar, analisa simulasi aliran bendalir menggunakan computational fluid dynamics (CFD), proses fabrikasi nozel dengan menggunakan mesin Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) dan ujikaji sebenar melibatkan prototaip nozel penyembur yang telah siap. Akhir sekali, diharapkan nozel penyembur yang boleh memberikan kriteria yang terbaik seperti bentuk semburan dan sudut taburan semburan akan dapat dipilih daripada 3 konsep nozel yang telah dicadang. Keperluan kepada penggunaan nozel penyembur semburan kon penuh dalam pasaran kini telah memaksa kepada keperluan untuk pembangunan produk nozel penyembur yang baru dan PSM ini adalah sebahagian daripadanya.

vi

ABSTRACT

The spray nozzle with solid cone spray pattern are the most extensively used in industry such as for washing and rinsing process, cooling for combustion chamber, fire suppression and others. This thesis covers the study of the external design of spray nozzle to gets the best solid cone spray pattern. The study will focus on spiral nozzle type which distribute solid cone spray pattern and problems that limits the performance of this type of nozzle. In order to solve, this thesis comprise the designing process of the spiral nozzle concepts, analyze the fluid flow simulation using Computational-fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, fabrication using Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) machine and actual experimet with the prototype of spray nozzle. In the end, spray nozzle that can give the best criteria such spray pattern and spray angle distribution will been choose among the 3 spiral nozzle concepts. The needs in application of solid cone spray nozzle in today market, will force the consideration in development of the new product of spray nozzle and this thesis are part of it.

vii

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER SUBJECT PAGES

DECLARATION ii

DEDICATION iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv

ABSTRAK v

ABSTRACT vi

TABLE OF CONTENT vii

LIST OF TABLES xii

LIST OF FIGURES xv

LIST OF SYMBOLS xviii

LIST OF APPENDICES xix

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Background Study 1

1.2 Problem Statement 2

1.3 Objective 3

1.4 Scope 4

viii

CHAPTER SUBJECT PAGES

CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW 5

2.1 Introduction 5

2.2 Spray Characteristics 5

2.3 Spray Pattern 6

2.3.1 Hollow Cone 7

2.3.2 Solid Cone 8

2.3.3 Flat Spray 9

2.4 Capacity 10

2.5 Spray Angle 12

2.5.1 Spray Angle Terms 13

2.6 Drop Size 15

2.6.1 Factors that Affect the Drop Size 16 2.6.2 Practical Considerations for Drop

Size Data Use 17

2.7 SolidWorks 2007 Overview 18 2.7.1 Featured SolidWorks Capabilities 20

2.8 COSMOSFloWorks Overview 20

2.8.1 Computational Domain 22 2.8.2 Initial and Boundary Conditions 23

2.8.3 Meshing 23

2.8.4 Solving 24

2.8.5 Getting Results 24

2.9 Rapid Prototyping 25

2.9.1 Basic Work Flow of FDM Machine 26

CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY 27

3.1 Introduction 27

3.2 Chosen Material 29

ix

CHAPTER SUBJECT PAGES

3.3.1 Concept A 31

3.3.2 Concept B 32

3.3.3 Concept C 33

3.4 Nozzle Simulation and Analysis by Using 34 COSMOSFloWorks

3.5 Nozzle Fabrication by Using FDM Machine 41

3.5.1 The Basic Process 43

3.6 Equipments for Experiment 45

CHAPTER IV RESULT & DISCUSSION 48

4.1 Introduction 48

4.2 COSMOSFloWorks 49

4.3 System and General Information 50

4.4 Input Data 51

4.4.1 Initial Mesh Settings 51 4.4.2 Geometry resolution 51 4.4.3 Computational Domain 52

4.4.4 Physical Features 52

4.4.5 Boundary Conditions 53

4.4.6 Goals 56

4.5 The Spray Pattern Results 57 4.5.1 Flow Pattern Result for Concept A 57 4.5.2 Flow Pattern Result for Concept B 61 4.5.3 Flow Pattern Result for Concept C 66

4.5.4 Discussions 70

4.6 Data Analysis 71

4.6.1 Velocity Parameter 71 4.6.2 Pressure Parameter 73 4.7 The Full Results of Simulation from All Concepts 75

x

CHAPTER SUBJECT PAGES

4.7.1 Full Result of Concept A 75 4.7.2 Full Result of Concept B 77 4.7.3 Full Result of Concept C 79

4.8 Experimental Result 82

4.8.1 Experiment to determine the Average Flow Rate & Velocity in House Piping

System 82

4.8.2 Experiment to Determine the Volume Flow Rates and Velocity for Each

Nozzle Concept 85

4.9 Experimental Result for Spray Pattern 89 4.9.1 The Arrangement of the Spray Nozzle

in Applying the Experiment 90 4.9.2 The Spray Pattern Produced (Top

View Angle) 91

4.9.3 The Spray Pattern Produced (Side

View Angle) 92

4.9.4 Discussion 93

4.10 Comparison 94

4.10.1 Comparison of the Spray/Flow Pattern Result (Based on Top View

Angle) 94

4.10.2 Comparison of the Spray/Flow Pattern Result (Based on Side View

Angle) 96

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION 98

5.1 Conclusion 98

xi

REFERENCES 101

BIBLIOGRAPHY 104

xii

LIST OF TABLES

NO. TITLE PAGES

2.1 Conversion factor applies to specific gravity of the liquid spray 11 (Source: http://www.allspray.com/en/sprayguide.pdf)

2.2 Relationship between capacity and pressure 11 (Source: http://www.allspray.com/en/sprayguide.pdf)

2.3 Theoretical coverage at various distances varies with spray angle 14 (Source: http://www.allspray.com/en/sprayguide.pdf)

2.4 Data illustrates the wide range of possible drop sizes produced 17 by different spray types

(Source: http://www.allspray.com/en/sprayguide.pdf)

3.1 COSMOSFloWorks simulation step-by-steps method for Spiral 35 Nozzle Concept C

(Source: Author)

4.1 System Information 50

(Source: Author)

4.2 General Information 50

(Source: Author)

4.3 Size of the Computational Domain 52

(Source: Author)

4.4 The Setting for Initial Conditions 53 (Source: Author)

xiii

NO. TITLE PAGES

4.5 First boundary condition 54

(Source: Author)

4.6 Second boundary condition 55

(Source: Author)

4.7 The surface goal setting 56

(Source: Author)

4.8 Flow Pattern Result for Concept A 57

(Source: Author)

4.9 Flow Pattern Result for Concept B 61

(Source: Author)

4.10 Flow Pattern Result for Concept C 66

(Source: Author)

4.11 Goals (Concept A) 76

(Source: Author)

4.12 Minimum and Maximum Table 76

(Source: Author)

4.13 Goals (Concept B) 78

(Source: Author)

4.14 Minimum and Maximum Table 79

(Source: Author)

4.15 Goals (Concept C) 81

(Source: Author)

4.16 Minimum and Maximum Table 81

(Source: Author)

4.17 The Volume Flow Rate and Velocity of Water in House 84 Piping System

(Source: Author)

4.18 The Volume Flow Rate and Velocity of Water for Each 87 Nozzle Concept

(Source: Author)

4.19 The connection of spray nozzle with the hose-pipe 90 (Source: Author)

xiv

NO. TITLE PAGES

4.20 The spray pattern result from the top view 91 (Source: Author)

4.21 The spray pattern result from the side view 92 (Source: Author)

4.22 Comparison of the spray pattern between the experimental and 94 theoretical for each concept

(Source: Author)

4.23 Comparison of the spray pattern between the experimental and 96 theoretical for each concept

xv

LIST OF FIGURES

NO. TITLE PAGES

2.1 Hollow cone 7

(Source: http://www.spray.com/services/edu_ref _nozzle_basics.asp)

2.2 Solid cone 8

(Source: http://www.spray.com/services/edu_ref _nozzle_basics.asp)

2.3 (a) Standard Solid cone 9

(b) Spiral Solid Cone 9

(c) Multiple Solid Cone 9

(Source: http://pdf.directindustry.com/pdf/pnr/general - purpose-industrial-nozzles/Show/5289-7879-_5.html)

2.4 Flat spray 10

(Source: http://www.spray.com/services/edu_ref _nozzle_basics.asp)

2.5 Spray angle diagram 12

(Source: http://www.allspray.com/en/sprayguide.pdf)

2.6 Spray coverage 12

(Source: http://www.bete.com/pdfs/ BETE_EngineeringInformation.pdf)

2.7 FDM machine basic work flow 26 (Source: http://www.stratasys.com/)

xvi

NO. TITLE PAGES

2.8 RP process in the making 26

(Source: Author)

2.9 Equipment for removing the support material 26 (Source: Author)

3.1 Methodology flow chart 28 (Source: Author)

3.2 Concept A Isometric view 31

(Source: Author)

3.3 Concept A Front View 31

(Source: Author)

3.4 Concept A Top View 31

(Source: Author)

3.5 Concept B Isometric View 32

(Source: Author)

3.6 Concept B Front View 32

(Source: Author)

3.7 Concept B Top View 32

(Source: Author)

3.8 Concept C Isometric View 33

(Source: Author)

3.9 Concept C Front View 33

(Source: Author)

3.10 Concept C Top View 33

(Source: Author)

3.11 Stratasys FDM 400 mc located at Advanced Manufacturing Centre 41 (Source: Author)

xvii

NO. TITLE PAGES

3.12 The Stratasys FDM 400 mc machine specifications 42 (Source: http://pdf.directindustry.com/pdf/stratasys/fdm

-400mc/21791-23583-_2.html)

3.13 Three different nozzles that been produced by Rapid Prototyping 45 (Source: Author)

3.14 Equipment for experiment 46

(Source: Author)

4.1 Velocity scale 49

(Source: Author)

4.2 The COSMOSFloWorks Analysis Tree that shows the defined 54 boundary conditions and engineering goal.

(Source:Author)

4.3 Position to take time reading of 1 liter of water 82 (Source: Author)

4.4 The water tap lever position (before and after) 83 (Source: Author)

4.5 The actual spray nozzle; (a) Concept A, (b) Concept B, 85 (c) Concept C

(Source: Author)

4.6 The exact arrangement of equipment for the experiment 86 (Source: Author)

4.7 The connection of nozzle with the hose-pipe 86 (Source: Author)

4.8 Bar chart of nozzle flow rate and velocity against nozzle concept 88 (Source: Author)

xviii

LIST OF SYMBOLS

CAE = Computer-aided engineering CFD = Computational fluid dynamics FSI = Fluid structure interaction CNC = Computer numerical control CAD = Computational-aided design 3-D = Three dimensions

2-D = Two dimensions gpm = Gallons per minute lpm = Liter per minute lbs/gallon = Pounds per gallons

C1 = Capacity

P1 = Pressure

VMD or D v0.5 = Volume Median Diameter MMD = Mass Median Diameter SMD or D32 = Sauter Mean Diameter NMD.or.D No.5 = Number Median Diameter μm = Micro meter

RSF = Relative Span Factor Dmax = Maximum drop size Dmin = Minimum drop size

SWIFT = SolidWorks Intelligent Feature Technology FDM = Fused Deposition Modelling

xix

LIST OF APPENDICES

NO. TITLE PAGES

A Drawing of Spray Nozzle Concept A 105

B Drawing of Spray Nozzle Concept B 108

C Drawing of Spray Nozzle Concept C 111

D Others Result from COSMOSFloWorks Simulation 114

E Gantt Chart 117

F Calculation for Flow Rate and Velocity 119

1

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND STUDY

A nozzle is a mechanical device or orifice designed to control the characteristics of a fluid flow as it exits an enclosed chamber or pipe.

A nozzle is often a pipe or tube of varying cross sectional area and it can be used to direct or modify the flow of a fluid (liquid or gas). Nozzles are frequently used to control the rate of flow, speed, direction, mass, shape, and the pressure of the stream that emerges from them.

A type of nozzle that we want to consider in this study is Spray Nozzle. A spray nozzle is a device that facilitates the formation of spray. When a liquid is dispersed as a stream of droplets (atomization), it is called a spray. Spray nozzles are used to achieve two primary functions: increase liquid surface area to enhance evaporation, or distribute a liquid over an area. Spray nozzles are designed to perform under various spraying conditions.

2 The spray pattern of the nozzle gives us different patterns such as Solid Cone, Hollow Cone and Flat Spray. The spray pattern that we want to study for this project is the solid cone spray pattern.

Solid cone nozzles will form complete spray coverage in a round, oval or square shaped area. Usually the liquid is swirled within the nozzle and mixed with non-spinning liquid that bypasses an internal vane. Liquid then exits through an orifice forming a conical pattern. Spray angle and liquid distribution within the cone pattern depend on the vane design and location relative to the exit orifice. The exit orifice design and the relative geometric proportions also affect the spray angle and distribution.

Based on the solid cone spray nozzle that are already in market, an analysis will be made based on this nozzle from its spray pattern and fluid flow simulation. With the use of computer-aided design (CAD) software and computational fluid dynamics (CFD), a research will be conducted to make sure that the nozzle model that we design achieved high specification in its categories.

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

Based on the past research and study on the solid cone spray nozzle, show that many applications can be performed by this spray nozzle in a daily life and industry. There are many things to be considered in order to get the best solid cone spray. Some of the problems that occur due to improper design of solid cone spray nozzle such as non-uniform coverage of the spray in period of time, the lifecycle of the nozzle are not durable compared with the time usage. This will cost more for the consumer for the maintenance.

The external design and internal design can give big problems if it not been fully analyzed. Different internal design of the nozzle can give different spray angles which means different in spray coverage. More, the common components of many spray materials, could wear out the orifices in the nozzles on our sprayers. Water is

3 abrasive, and the materials we mix into it are even more abrasive. To such an extent, that a brass nozzle's orifice will begin to wear after only 10 hours of use at 100 pounds pressure.

Nozzle wear means that the orifice of the tip, so carefully engineered to produce an optimum spray pattern becomes deformed, which distorts the spray pattern, producing droplets that are larger than intended, uneven band application and, of course, higher volumes of material per acre.

Many things to be considered in order to get the best solid cone spray of the spray nozzle especially spiral nozzle. Many users don’t have enough information and guidance when it comes to choose the right spiral nozzle. They were uncertain about the wide application of spiral nozzle in industry especially in washing process. The spiral nozzle can also been considered for dish wash application because of its good properties in spray distribution.

Hope that this study will help to discover, design, and analyze the common problem of spray nozzle application and able to propose the better nozzle especially the spiral nozzle type. This study will focus more on the external design of the nozzle rather than the internal. In the end, the main usage of the nozzle that been studied will be useful for the dish wash spray application.

1.3 OBJECTIVE

The objective of this project is to design and fabricate a solid cone spray pattern nozzle by using the SolidWorks 2007 to generate the detail design and Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) machine to fabricate the nozzle. The spray pattern of the spray nozzle will be analyzed first by using COSMOS FloWorks to generate the fluid flow and spray pattern simulation.

4 1.4 SCOPE

The scope of this project will cover:-

1. Designing - Study the external design of the solid cone spray pattern nozzle. Generate design concept for nozzle which will give the best solid cone spray pattern. Applied the design through Computer-Aided-Design software (Solidwork 2007 are recommended).

2. Analyzing – Develop a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model. By using the COSMOS FloWorks software, simulate the fluid flow through the nozzle to get the solid cone spray pattern. Analyze the collected data to verify the best solid-cone spray pattern that we can get.

3. Fabrication – Fabricate the concept design of the nozzles by using Rapid Prototyping.

4. Testing – Test with the actual spray nozzle that been produced by rapid prototyping process so that it can be applied for dish wash spray application.

1.5 CONTENT OVERVIEW

Chapter One describes the project objectives and its scope of study. In Chapter Two, there is a complete literature study of spray nozzle with the solid cone spray pattern. Recent applications of the solid cone spray nozzle. Chapter Three explain thoroughly about the method used to analyze the spray pattern, 3 concepts of spray nozzle that been finalize and also the method use for nozzle fabrication by using FDM machine. Also, COSMOSFloWorks step by step method. In Chapter Four, the result and data of the fluid flow simulation by using CFD software are been shown. Also include, the result for actual experiment with the used of finish product of spray nozzle which been fabricate by rapid prototyping. Lastly in Chapter Five, conclude the findings of the best criteria of the spray nozzle among the 3 concepts with the best reason. Also the recommendations for this thesis for future study.

LIST OF SYMBOLS

CAE = Computer-aided engineering CFD = Computational fluid dynamics FSI = Fluid structure interaction CNC = Computer numerical control CAD = Computational-aided design

3-D = Three dimensions

2-D = Two dimensions

gpm = Gallons per minute

lpm = Liter per minute

lbs/gallon = Pounds per gallons

C1 = Capacity

P1 = Pressure

VMD or D v0.5 = Volume Median Diameter

MMD = Mass Median Diameter SMD or D32 = Sauter Mean Diameter

NMD.or.D No.5 = Number Median Diameter

μm = Micro meter

RSF = Relative Span Factor

Dmax = Maximum drop size Dmin = Minimum drop size

SWIFT = SolidWorks Intelligent Feature Technology FDM = Fused Deposition Modelling

LIST OF APPENDICES

NO. TITLE PAGES

A Drawing of Spray Nozzle Concept A 105

B Drawing of Spray Nozzle Concept B 108

C Drawing of Spray Nozzle Concept C 111

D Others Result from COSMOSFloWorks Simulation 114

E Gantt Chart 117

F Calculation for Flow Rate and Velocity 119

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND STUDY

A nozzle is a mechanical device or orifice designed to control the characteristics of a fluid flow as it exits an enclosed chamber or pipe.

A nozzle is often a pipe or tube of varying cross sectional area and it can be used to direct or modify the flow of a fluid (liquid or gas). Nozzles are frequently used to control the rate of flow, speed, direction, mass, shape, and the pressure of the stream that emerges from them.

A type of nozzle that we want to consider in this study is Spray Nozzle. A spray nozzle is a device that facilitates the formation of spray. When a liquid is dispersed as a stream of droplets (atomization), it is called a spray. Spray nozzles are used to achieve two primary functions: increase liquid surface area to enhance evaporation, or distribute a liquid over an area. Spray nozzles are designed to

The spray pattern of the nozzle gives us different patterns such as Solid Cone, Hollow Cone and Flat Spray. The spray pattern that we want to study for this project is the solid cone spray pattern.

Solid cone nozzles will form complete spray coverage in a round, oval or square shaped area. Usually the liquid is swirled within the nozzle and mixed with non-spinning liquid that bypasses an internal vane. Liquid then exits through an orifice forming a conical pattern. Spray angle and liquid distribution within the cone pattern depend on the vane design and location relative to the exit orifice. The exit orifice design and the relative geometric proportions also affect the spray angle and distribution.

Based on the solid cone spray nozzle that are already in market, an analysis will be made based on this nozzle from its spray pattern and fluid flow simulation. With the use of computer-aided design (CAD) software and computational fluid dynamics (CFD), a research will be conducted to make sure that the nozzle model that we design achieved high specification in its categories.

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

Based on the past research and study on the solid cone spray nozzle, show that many applications can be performed by this spray nozzle in a daily life and industry. There are many things to be considered in order to get the best solid cone spray. Some of the problems that occur due to improper design of solid cone spray nozzle such as non-uniform coverage of the spray in period of time, the lifecycle of the nozzle are not durable compared with the time usage. This will cost more for the consumer for the maintenance.

The external design and internal design can give big problems if it not been fully analyzed. Different internal design of the nozzle can give different spray angles which means different in spray coverage. More, the common components of many spray materials, could wear out the orifices in the nozzles on our sprayers. Water is

abrasive, and the materials we mix into it are even more abrasive. To such an extent, that a brass nozzle's orifice will begin to wear after only 10 hours of use at 100 pounds pressure.

Nozzle wear means that the orifice of the tip, so carefully engineered to produce an optimum spray pattern becomes deformed, which distorts the spray pattern, producing droplets that are larger than intended, uneven band application and, of course, higher volumes of material per acre.

Many things to be considered in order to get the best solid cone spray of the spray nozzle especially spiral nozzle. Many users don’t have enough information and guidance when it comes to choose the right spiral nozzle. They were uncertain about the wide application of spiral nozzle in industry especially in washing process. The spiral nozzle can also been considered for dish wash application because of its good properties in spray distribution.

Hope that this study will help to discover, design, and analyze the common problem of spray nozzle application and able to propose the better nozzle especially the spiral nozzle type. This study will focus more on the external design of the nozzle rather than the internal. In the end, the main usage of the nozzle that been studied will be useful for the dish wash spray application.

1.3 OBJECTIVE

The objective of this project is to design and fabricate a solid cone spray pattern nozzle by using the SolidWorks 2007 to generate the detail design and Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) machine to fabricate the nozzle. The spray pattern of the spray nozzle will be analyzed first by using COSMOS FloWorks to generate the fluid flow and spray pattern simulation.

1.4 SCOPE

The scope of this project will cover:-

1. Designing - Study the external design of the solid cone spray pattern nozzle. Generate design concept for nozzle which will give the best solid cone spray pattern. Applied the design through Computer-Aided-Design software (Solidwork 2007 are recommended).

2. Analyzing – Develop a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model. By using the COSMOS FloWorks software, simulate the fluid flow through the nozzle to get the solid cone spray pattern. Analyze the collected data to verify the best solid-cone spray pattern that we can get.

3. Fabrication – Fabricate the concept design of the nozzles by using Rapid Prototyping.

4. Testing – Test with the actual spray nozzle that been produced by rapid prototyping process so that it can be applied for dish wash spray application.

1.5 CONTENT OVERVIEW

Chapter One describes the project objectives and its scope of study. In Chapter Two, there is a complete literature study of spray nozzle with the solid cone spray pattern. Recent applications of the solid cone spray nozzle. Chapter Three explain thoroughly about the method used to analyze the spray pattern, 3 concepts of spray nozzle that been finalize and also the method use for nozzle fabrication by using FDM machine. Also, COSMOSFloWorks step by step method. In Chapter Four, the result and data of the fluid flow simulation by using CFD software are been shown. Also include, the result for actual experiment with the used of finish product of spray nozzle which been fabricate by rapid prototyping. Lastly in Chapter Five, conclude the findings of the best criteria of the spray nozzle among the 3 concepts with the best reason. Also the recommendations for this thesis for future study.