117
Par Tab
con 78
rt B: Voltag
ble 2 show sidered bas
Fi
Figure 3
ge Profile Im
s the resul ed on the in
igure 2. PLR
3. Percentage
mprovemen
lts obtain f ncrement of
R for ABC,
e of PLR for
nt VPI
for case 2, f voltage pro
PSO and G
r ABC, PSO
3, and 4 ofile value i
M.F
GA
O and GA
respectivel in p.u unit.
F. Sulaima e
ly. The VP et al
PI is
A Comparative Study of Optimization Methods 1179
Table 2. Voltage profile improvement for ABC compared to PSO and GA
Bus No. Voltage Magnitude in p.u
ABC PSO GA
1
1.000 1.000 1.000
2
1.000 1.000 1.000
3 1.000 1.000 1.000
4 1.000 1.000 1.000
5 1.000 1.000 1.000
6 1.000 1.000 1.000
7
1.000 0.999 0.995
8 1.000 0.999 0.995
9 1.000 0.999 0.995
10 1.000 0.999 0.995
11 1.000 0.999 0.995
12 1.000 0.999 0.995
13
1.000 0.999 0.999
14 1.000 0.999 0.999
15 1.000 0.999 0.999
16 1.000 0.999 0.999
17 1.000 0.999 0.999
18
1.000 0.999 0.999
19 1.000 1.000 1.000
20 1.000 1.000 1.000
21 1.000 0.999 0.982
22 1.000 0.999 0.982
23 0.999 1.000 0.982
24
0.999 1.000 0.982
25 0.999 0.999 1.000
26 1.000 1.000 1.000
27 0.999 1.000 0.999
28 0.999 0.999 0.999
29
0.999 0.999 0.999
30 0.999 1.000 1.000
31 0.999 0.999 0.999
32 0.999 0.999 0.999
33 1.000 0.999 0.999
From the Table 2, the results of VPI show that ABC method has a better value when it is compared to PSO and GA method. Regarding to the data at bus number 7
until 18, ABC algorithm has an improvement value from 0.999 to 1.000 if to be
118 com
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O GA
24 F. Sulaima e
O, the increm ntaneously.
number 21 u Figure 4 sh
he tie swit ization prob
voltage pr verall contri
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rossover in ABC algor
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global and l mplex prob
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thou tech
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Ref
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