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spoken or written text is recognizable to a particular community of listeners or readers.
Based on the definitions above, it can be defined that genre are informational texts and a distinctive type of written or spoken text of
communicative even characterized by a set of communicative purposes made in certain rules that are associated with a writer’s purpose through style and form
that ranges from literary too far from literary form which has specific purposes in communicative events and distinctive linguistic characteristic and its own generic
structure to construct effective purpose, effective text element construction and diction.
2. The Genres
Based on Standar Isi Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Inggris in the 2006 KTSP Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan Curriculum for SMP and MTs, the kinds
of text or genres that should be taught are description, recount, narration, procedure, and report. These genres can be explained as follows:
1. Description Description is a type of text, which has the specific function to give
description about object of thing or people. 2. Recount
Recount is type of text, which has specific function to inform about past activity.
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3. Narrative Narrative is a type of text to retell activity or past event for narrating
problematic and resolution to amuse or entertain and often intended to give morality to the reader.
4. Procedure Procedure describes how something is accomplished through a sequence
of actions or steps. 5. Report
Report is a type of text to give information natural or non-natural phenomena or things in the world to add knowledge to the reader.
3. The Generic Structure Potential and Language Features of Narrative
Text
Hyland 2004: 33 states that narrative genre has purpose to entertain and instruct via reflection on experience.
Mc Crimmon 1984: 159 states that narration is a story to make a point. It can be used in an abbreviated form to introduce or illustrate a complicated subject
that is, writers often use narration to lead into the body of their writing or in an extended form to provide a detailed, personal account of “what happened”.
He adds that an effective narration has plot; it is arranged according to a meaningful and dramatic sequence of action, which may or may not follow the
order in which events actually happened.
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According to Pardiyono 2004: 9 narrative is a kind of text to tell past activities which focus on problematic experience and resolution to amuse and give
lesson moral to the reader. It can be concluded that narrative has features as follows:
1. Social Purpose of Narrative Genre Its social purpose is to amuse, entertain and to deal with actual or vicarious
experience in different ways to the readers. 2. Structure of Narrative Genre
a. Orientation : Provide information about characters’ situation. Its
function is to attract reader’s attention to the story. b. Sequence of events
1. Introduction : Presents the event 2. Problem
: Present on or more problems for the character to solve
3. Climax : Present the highest point of problem
c. Resolution : Sort out the problems for the characters d. Coda
: Short conclusion to give moral lesson 3. Grammatical Pattern of Recount
a. Using sequence markers, such as first, second, third, etc. b. Using past tense, such as past perfect tense, past continuous tense.
c. Using verb of doing, such as ran out, went, got, tried etc. d. Using adjective word, such as frightened, quiet, calm, happy, etc.
e. Using repetition of subjective pronoun, such as my aunt, she, he, etc.
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f. Using conjunction, such as but, unfortunately, then, after that. 4. The kinds of narrative text include novel, scenarios, legend, fable, short
stories, folktale, etc. Example:
Orientation
Once upon a time in the middle of the forest, there lived a girl named Jane with her father, a poor woodcutter.
Sequence events Introduction
One day, the little girl’s father did not come home from the forest and
Jane become more and more frightened that he had an accident. Problem to climax
Finally she plucked up all her courage and headed out to the clearing where she thought her father had been that day. After two long hours
searching, she finally found him. His foot had been trapped under a log
and he couldn’t lift it himself. Resolution
Jane helped her father to free himself and they went home happily.. Taken from Grammar and Meaning
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C. Review on Picture-Stories
