The educating Game Helps Childern In Learning Irregular Verbs
ABSTRACT
Children will learn the concept of verb tense by hearing and imitating.
Most children start out by generalizing the past tense rules they hear in some
regular verbs for application to irregular verbs. It means that listening may not be
an adequate learning method for children. With practicing, memorizing, reading
and doing activities, children can learn irregular verb tenses. Games are a fun and
effective way to practice with irregular verb tenses. Based on that reasons, in this
job training report I try to solve the problem by offering UniCard; new teaching
strategy.
UniCard is an education game that can help children in learning English
irregular verbs. UniCard is believed can give the positive effect and joyful
learning to the students in memorizing English irregular verbs. My goal is to show
UniCard as a new education game to increase children’s motivation in learning
English. In this job training report, I will describe the characteristics of children as
learners, the benefits of using UniCard in teaching and learning English irregular
verbs, the problems in the using of UniCard and the solution of those problems. I
do the observation and interviewing to do this research. My research shows that
games are very useful and can be used to develop students' language ability.
Therefore, I recommend teachers to try some games that may be useful to their
students in order to enhance students' proficiency, to help them meet their goals,
and at least to try new things in teaching.
iv
Abstrak
Anak-anak mempelajari konsep kata kerja dengan mendengarkan dan
meniru. Kebanyakan anak-anak mulai dengan menyamaratakan kaidah past tense
yang mereka dengar dalam beberapa kata kerja beraturan untuk penggunaan
kata kerja tak beraturan. Itu berarti bahwa mendengarkan mungkin bukanlah
metode yang memadai untuk anak-anak. Dengan berlatih, menghafal, membaca
dan melakukan aktifitas, anak-anak dapat mempelajari kata kerja tak beraturan.
Permainan adalah cara yang efektif dan menyenangkan untuk berlatih kata kerja
tak beraturan. Berdasarkan alasan itu, dalam laporan kuliah kerja lapangan ini
saya mencoba memecahkan masalah tersebut dengan menawarkan UniCard;
strategi baru dalam mengajar.
UniCard adalah permainan edukasi yang dapat membantu anak-anak
dalam mempelajari kata kerja tak beraturan. UniCard dipercaya dapat
memberikan pengaruh positif dan pelajaran menyenangkan bagi para siswa
dalam menghafal kata kerja tak beraturan. Tujuan saya adalah untuk
memperkenalkan UniCard (permainan edukasi baru) untuk meningkatkan
motivasi anak-anak dalam belajar bahasa Inggris. Dalam laporan kuliah kerja
lapangan ini, saya akan menggambarkan karakter anak-anak sebagai pelajar,
manfaat menggunakan UniCard dalam mengajar dan mempelajari kata kerja tak
beraruran, masalah-masalah dalam penggunan UniCard dan solusi untuk
masalah-masalah tersebut. Saya melakukan observasi dan wawancara untuk
melaksanakan penelitian ini. Penelitian saya menunjukkan bahwa permainan
sangat bermanfaat dan dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan
berbahasa anak-anak. Oleh karena itu, saya merekomendasikan para guru untuk
mencoba menggunakan permainan yang mungkin berguna bagi siswa mereka
untuk meningkatkan keahlian siswa, membantu mereka menemui tujuannya, dan
setidaknya mencoba sesuatu yang baru dalam mengajar.
v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, I would like to thank Lord for His blessing and guidance
during my study at Indonesia University of Computer especially throughout the
process of writing my job training report. My appreciation also goes to my parents
and family for their love and spiritual support in my life. I also thank my brother
Rohani, who helps me making design of UniCard. Besides, I would like to thank
my fiancé who always encourages and prays for me.
I also would like to show my heartfelt thanks and enormous gratitude to
my tutor Mrs. Retno Purwani Sari, S. S., M. Hum., who offered me enlightening
instructions, patient guidance and valuable suggestions, which contributed to the
completion of my job training report. In addition, my gratitude is also given to the
lecturers of Faculty of Letter at Indonesia University of Computer for their
valuable teaching.
Last but not least, I am very grateful to all my classmates, friends who
have given me generous support and helpful advice.
vi
APPENDICES
20
BUSINESS PLAN
Ditujukan sebagai salah satu kegiatan
Kuliah Kerja Lapangan
UNICARD
English Department
Faculty of Letters
Indonesia University of Computer
2011
DESCRIPTION OF VENTURE
Product
Besarnya jumlah siswa/siswi dalam setiap kabupaten, manjadi lahan untuk
meraup keuntungan dengan memasarkan/menjual produk-produk pendidikan guna
membantu siswa/siswi dalam memahami pelajarannya.
“Bisnis yang tidak ada matinya”, ini adalah ungkapan yang paling tepat
untuk bisnis di bidang pendidikan, selama kreatifitas, mau berusaha dan kesabaran
manusia masih ada. Karena setiap tahun berapa banyak orang tua yang sibuk
mandaftarkan anaknya ke sekolahan/madrasah yang baru, dan berapa banyak
jumlah siswa/siswi baru pada setiap tingkatan pendidikan dalam satu kabupaten.
Dan hal itu juga lah yang melatarbelakangi saya untuk membangun usaha bisnis
UniCard ini.
UniCard merupakan produk edukasi yang unik dengan desain yang
menarik bagi siswa/siswi dalam menguasai pelajaran. UniCard merupakan produk
pendidikan yang menawarkan sistem belajar baru. UniCard adalah kartu dengan
desain yang unik, menarik, berisi irregular verb dan rangkuman rumus-rumus
tenses yang mudah di terapkan untuk membantu kesulitan belajar siswa dalam
menghafal irregular verb dan tenses, praktis sangat efektif dan menyenangkan,
sesuai kurikulum, mempercepat dan mempermudah siswa/siswi dalam belajar dan
sebagai pengganti buku pelajaran. Produk edukasi ini didesain menarik bagi
siswa/siswi
SD
sampai
SMA
dalam
menguasai
pelajaran,
meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa mulai dari SD sampai SMA.
membantu
OPERATION PLAN
Proses produksi UniCard ini dimulai dengan mengumpulkan materi yakni
kata kerja tak beraturan (irregular verb). Materi-materi yang sudah dikumpulkan
disajikan dalam bentuk kartu edukatif yang unik. Proses pembuatan desain
diawali dengan membuat desain kartu dasar, kemudian membuat desain untuk
kartu yang diputar. Setelah proses pembuatan desain selesai lengkap dengan
isinya yaitu kata kerja irregular dan rumus tenses, maka kartu siap dicetak. Proses
produksi termasuk proses pencetakkan dilakukan di kantor kami di percetakan
Ardie Putra Grafindo, Jl. Kasuari 9 No. 69 Cikarang Baru.
Dibawah ini merupakan bagan mengenai tahapan proses produksi
UniCard.
Pengumpulan Materi
Pemasaran/Penjualan
Desain Kartu
Pencetakkan
MARKETING PLAN
Analisis STP (Segmentation, Targeting, Positioning)
Target yang ingin dicapai adalah penjualan dapat mencapai sedikitnya 100
buah selama satu bulan masa penjualan. Untuk mencapai target yang diinginkan
tentu saja membutuhkan strategi penjualan dan upaya-upaya marketing yang
inovatif untuk mendistribusikan produk tersebut. Strategi penjualan yang akan
dilakukan adalah dengan menawarkan produk ke sekolah-sekolah, bekerjasama
dengan guru bidang pendidikan, sistem konsinyasi ke koperasi atau toko buku
dengan harga khusus (diskon), penjualan langsung yaitu penjualan langsung
kepada konsumen, dijual kepada tetangga, kerabat, teman, keluarga, dll. Penjualan
secara Direct Sell door to door, dari sekolah ke sekolah, di kompleks-kompleks
perumahan, dan menyebarkan brosur sebanyak-banyaknya.
Lokasi yang dipilih untuk mendistribusikan produk tersebut adalah di
kabupaten Bekasi, khususnya kota Cikarang. Lokasi yang ditentukan dekat
dengan toko buku, kompleks perumahan, sekolah-sekolah, mulai dari Taman
Kanak-Kanak sampai Perguruan Tinggi, dimana banyak terdapat pelajar dan
pengajar.
Dengan strategi peenjualan yang berlokasi di tempat strategis, segmen
konsumen yang dituju adalah anak-anak usia 8 tahun sampai dewasa, mulai dari
Sekolah Dasar, SMP, SMA sampai Perguruan Tinggi.
Prospek usaha ini cukup menjanjikan, dilihat dari banyaknya jumlah
pelajar di kabupaten Bekasi serta banyaknya institusi pendidikan dan kompleks
perumahan yang menunjang kemajuan usaha ini.
Kebijakan Produk, harga dan Promosi
Harga yang ditawarkan untuk produk ini relatif murah. Untuk reseller Rp.
6000 dan untuk konsumen langsung Rp. 7000. Dari harga yang ada, saya benarbenar berusaha untuk membuat para pelanggan merasa puas dengan produk yang
saya tawarkan sehingga para pelanggan benar-benar merasa tidak dirugikan dan
merasa pantas mengeluarkan sejumlah budget untuk membeli produk ini.
Promosi yang saya lakukan lebih ke penyebaran brosur-brosur dan
pemasangan pamflet-pamflet di simpang-simpang jalan atau di depan sekolahsekolah. Dengan begitu, para calon pelanggan bisa mengetahui produk yang akan
saya jual.
Risk Analysis
Kesulitan yang saya hadapi dalam pengembangan usaha ini adalah
banyaknya produk-produk mainan edukasi dengan keunggulan-keunggulan
tersendiri, sehingga cukup sulit untuk menumbuhkan rasa percaya pelanggan pada
produk yang saya tawarkan, selain itu pembuatan desain yang cukup rumit
menjadi salah satu kendala dalam mengembangkan usaha ini.
Untuk menanggulangi resiko ini, kami akan berupaya membuat desain
semenarik mungkin agar para calon pelanggan tertarik dengan produk yang akan
kami tawarkan dan berupaya membuat desain yang sederhana namun tetap unik
dan menarik.
FINANCIAL PLAN
Rencana pengeluaran awal
No
Aktivitas
Alokasi Biaya
1
Percetakan
Rp.
300.000
2
Plastik
Rp.
10.000
3
Kancing
Rp.
15.000
4
Perlengkapan/ATK
Rp.
35.000
5
Biaya Tak Terduga
Rp.
100.000
6
Transportasi
Rp.
50.000
7
Brosur/Pamflet
Rp.
90.000
Rp.
600.000
Jumlah
Modal yang didapatkan berasal dari orang tua kami.
Desain: Rohani
Pictures of UniCard
Muka Depan
Muka Belakang
Kartu yang Diputar
Kartu Dasar
LAPORAN PERKEMBANGAN USAHA
UNICARD (UC)
Laporan Jalannya Usaha
Ditujukan sebagai salah satu kegiatan
Kuliah Kerja Lapangan
UC
English Department
Faculty of Letters
Indonesia University of Computer
2011
PENDAHULUAN
UniCard adalah bisnis yang saya dirikan dalam rangka kegiatan kuliah
kerja lapangan di jurusan Sastra Inggris Universitas Komputer Indonesia. UniCard
merupakan produk edukasi yang unik dengan desain yang menarik bagi
siswa/siswi dalam menguasai pelajaran. UniCard merupakan produk pendidikan
yang menawarkan sistem belajar baru. UniCard adalah kartu dengan desain yang
unik, menarik, berisi irregular verb dan rangkuman rumus-rumus tenses yang
mudah di terapkan untuk membantu kesulitan belajar siswa SD sampai SMA
dalam menghafal irregular verb dan tenses. Produk edukasi ini mempermudah
siswa/siswi dalam belajar, sebagai pengganti buku pelajaran dan juga dapat
meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa.
Besarnya jumlah siswa/siswi dalam setiap kabupaten menjadi lahan untuk
meraup keuntungan dengan memasarkan/menjual produk-produk pendidikan guna
membantu siswa/siswi dalam memahami pelajarannya. Dan hal itulah yang
melatarbelakangi saya untuk membangun usaha bisnis UniCard ini.
Prospek usaha ini cukup menjanjikan, dilihat dari banyaknya jumlah
pelajar serta banyaknya institusi pendidikan yang menunjang kemajuan usaha ini.
“Bisnis yang tidak ada matinya”, ini adalah ungkapan yang paling tepat untuk
bisnis di bidang pendidikan selama kreatifitas, mau berusaha dan kesabaran
manusia masih ada. Karena setiap tahun berapa banyak orang tua yang sibuk
mendaftarkan anaknya ke sekolah/madrasah yang baru, dan berapa banyak jumlah
siswa/siswi baru pada setiap tingkatan pendidikan.
Proses produksi UniCard ini dimulai dengan mengumpulkan materi yakni
kata kerja tak beraturan (irregular verb). Materi-materi yang sudah dikumpulkan
disajikan dalam bentuk kartu edukatif yang unik. Proses pembuatan desain
diawali dengan membuat desain kartu dasar, kemudian membuat desain untuk
kartu yang diputar. Setelah proses pembuatan desain selesai lengkap dengan
isinya yaitu kata kerja irregular dan rumus tenses, maka kartu siap dicetak. Proses
produksi termasuk proses pencetakkan dilakukan di percetakan Ardie Putra
Grafindo, Jl. Kasuari 9 No. 69 Cikarang Baru. Lokasi yang dipilih untuk
mendistribusikan produk tersebut adalah di kabupaten Bekasi, khususnya kota
Cikarang. Lokasi yang ditentukan dekat dengan toko buku, kompleks perumahan,
sekolah-sekolah, dimana banyak terdapat pelajar dan pengajar.
LAPORAN PERKEMBANGAN USAHA
Bisnis yang saya jalankan selama kurang lebih 1 bulan ini telah sesuai
dengan business plan yang telah saya buat sebelumnya. Hanya ada sedikit
perubahan dalam biaya produksi karena saya ingin menekan seminimal mungkin
biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk berjalannya bisnis ini sehingga biaya produksi
UniCard ini tidak sesuai dengan biaya produksi yang saya cantumkan dalam
business plan yang telah saya buat sebelumnya.
Strategi penjualan yang dilakukan adalah dengan menawarkan produk ke
sekolah-sekolah, bekerjasama dengan guru bidang pendidikan, sistem konsinyasi
ke koperasi atau toko buku dengan harga khusus (diskon), penjualan langsung
yaitu penjualan langsung kepada konsumen, dijual kepada tetangga, kerabat,
teman, keluarga, dll. Penjualan secara Direct Sell door to door, dari sekolah ke
sekolah, di kompleks-kompleks perumahan, dan menyebarkan brosur sebanyakbanyaknya. Total produk yang saya cetak adalah 100 buah, sedangkan total
produk yang terjual sebanyak 99 buah dan produk yang tersisa sebanyak 1 buah.
LAPORAN LABA RUGI
Pendapatan
Penjualan grosir (60x6000)
Rp. 360.000
Penjualan eceran (39x7000)
Rp. 273.000
Total Pendapatan
Rp. 633.000
Pengeluaran awal
Percetakan
Rp. 400.000
Plastik
Rp. 10.000
Kancing
Rp. 15.000
Brosur/pamflet
Rp. 20.000
Biaya tak terduga
Rp. 20.000
Total Pengeluaran
Rp. 465.000
Laba Kotor
Rp. 168.000
Beban Usaha:
Biaya Transportasi
Rp. 20.000
Print & fotocopy
Rp.
Total beban usaha
Laba Bersih
8.000
Rp. 28.000
Rp. 140.000
KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
Kesimpulan
Dari awal perencanaan bisnis ini, saya menekan seminimal mungkin biaya
yang dikeluarkan untuk berjalannya bisnis ini. Tingkat penjualan yang awalnya
rendah dan jauh dari apa yang diharapkan, setelah beberapa waktu mengalami
peningkatan yang disebabkan banyak faktor seperti strategi pemasaran yang saya
tetapkan untuk menguasai target pasar.
Dilihat dari tingkat penjualan yang terus meningkat pada bisnis yang saya
jalankan ini, menggambarkan bahwa ada respon positif yang diberikan oleh
masyarakat. Hal ini disebabkan karena banyaknya orang tua dan para pengajar
yang ingin membantu anak-anak maupun murid-murid mereka dalam memahami
pelajaran melalui mainan edukasi.
Saran
Sampai saat ini, bisnis yang saya jalankan memberikan gambaran positif
bahwa bisnis di bidang pendidikan bisa bertahan dan bahkan terus mendapatkan
tingkat pendapatan yang semakin baik lagi untuk jangka panjang ke depannya.
Tentu saja hal ini harus ditunjang dengan adanya kreatifitas tinggi,
semangat berusaha, serta kesabaran yang harus dimiliki oleh siapapun yang ingin
menjalankan bisnis ini untuk dapat bersaing dengan bisnis-bisnis di bidang
pendidikan lainnya yang kini makin menjamur keberadaannya.
LAMPIRAN
Perincian Penjualan
1. SDIT Cordova
20 buah
2. SDIT Al-Kautsar
20 buah
3. Toko Buku Sanjay
20 buah
4. Direct sell door to door
11 buah
5. Pemesanan
18 buah
6. Keluarga/teman/kerabat
10 buah
Total Produk yang Terjual :
Sisa Produk
99 buah
:
Harga grosir : Rp. 6.000/buah (minimal pembelian 1 kodi)
Harga eceran : Rp. 7.000/buah
1 buah
DESIGN OF UNICARD
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background
Language learning may be considered as a hard work which sometimes
may cause frustrating feeling. As a result, maintained efforts are required to
understand, to produce and to manipulate the second language (read, English).
Along with the process, common perceptions that all learning should be serious
and solemn in nature, and that if one is having fun and there are hilarity and
laughter, it is not really learning. In my opinion, these perceptions are
misconceptions. It is possible to learn a language as well as to enjoy oneself at the
same time. Games are one of effective ways of doing this. Well-chosen games are
invaluable as they give children a break and at the same time allow children to
learn language. Moreover, games can enhance the children’s desire to learn the
language. Based on that reasons, I created an educational game to help children in
learning English vocabulary, especially English irregular verbs; one of essential
words in making grammatical and natural English sentence.
In addition, games provide effectiveness on learning English in various
ways. Since games bring in relaxation and fun, children can accept and retain new
words more easily. Moreover, through games children experiment, discover, and
interact with their environment, it is good for their social development. Games
also add variation to a lesson and increase motivation. For that reasons, in this job
training report I will discuss about the benefits of education games in learning
1
2
English irregular verbs. “The education game helps children in learning irregular
verbs” is chosen as the title of this job training report.
1.2
Scope
The writer restricts the problems into four points:
1.
What are the characteristics of children as learners?
2.
What are the benefits of using UniCard in learning irregular verbs
3.
What are the problems in the using of UniCard?
4.
What is the solution of the problem?
1.3
Objectives
1.
Describe the characteristics of children as learners.
2.
Describe the benefits of using UniCard in learning irregular verbs.
3.
Describe the problems in the using of UniCard.
4.
Describe the solution of the problem.
1.4
Significant to knowledge
Theoretically, the description of how education games help children in
learning irregular verbs may give valuable contribution in supporting the idea that
mentions games are effective and useful in language learning.
Practically, UniCard is expected to give the teachers or parents an
alternative idea in teaching irregular verbs to their students and children.
3
1.5
The framework of the theory
“Children love to play and use their imagination” (Slattery and Willis,
2001). Based on the assumption, it will be considered that children will learn their
lessons more effectively if they use the learning method which gives them the
freedom in playing and using their imagination. They love to learn while playing.
Language games, for example, are believed can give the positive effect and joyful
learning to the children in developing their language skills.
Playing language games will help the children to develop language and
thought. In the activities of language games, the children will develop their ability
to say what they mean to say and to express them clearly. “Language games refer
to games that children which enable them to learn the language” (Wittgenstein as
cited in Shawver). It can be said that language games not only function as time
filling activities but also they can bring some educational values that enable the
children to learn the language. There are a great number of language games. So
teachers have a variety of choices. However, teachers must choose the appropriate
games with the characteristics of the children; one of them is UniCard.
UniCard is designed as an educational game that can help children in
learning English irregular verbs. It can be played at home or school, in group or
individual. UniCard is a creative card with 80 irregular verbs and tenses. The main
purpose of this creative is to cope the difficulty in memorizing the language units.
On the other words, so many verbs children may learn easily.
4
There are almost 300 irregular verbs in the English language. Irregular
verb are tricky verbs. A verb considered to be irregular, does not follow the
regular pattern of adding a -d or an -ed to the end of the verb in the past tense and
past participle verbs such as “am,” which becomes “was”; “tell,” which becomes
“told”; and “sing,” which becomes “sang.” These are called irregular verbs
because they do not follow the regular pattern. Therefore, irregular verbs are hard
for some children to learn, but it can be easy if they have a knack for memorizing
words as stated by Steven Pinker:
"Irregular forms are just words. If our language faculty has a
knack for memorizing words, it should have no inhibitions about
memorizing past-tense forms at the same time. These are the verbs
we call irregular, and they are a mere 180 additions to a mental
lexicon that already numbers in the tens or hundreds of
thousands." (Steven Pinker, Words and Rules. Basic, 1999).
It can be concluded that if children have a knack for memorizing words,
they can learn irregular verbs easily. Activities and games can help them to
remember irregular verb forms.
1.6
Research Method
This job training report used descriptive method involving gathering data
that describe events. The data of job training were organized, depicted, and
described.
5
The method of collecting data that was used is observation and
interviewing. I did observation in SDIT Cordova and SDIT Al-Kautsar. The
participants are students and teachers in those schools. I interviewed students and
teachers by asking questions to get direct answers.
1.7
Place and Time
I did the job training in PT. Ardie Putra Grafindo that is located at Jl.
Kasuari 9 No. 69 Cikarang Baru, SDIT Cordova and SDIT Al-Kautsar. I worked
and did observation for about a month, started on 25 July until 24 August 2011. I
started working from 8 am to 2 pm from Monday to Friday. The location of
observation is SDIT Cordova and SDIT AL-Kautsar.
CHAPTER II
THE BUSINEES OF UNICARD
2.1
Description of The Company
UniCard Company is a business that I built in order to do the job training;
one of the course requirements at the faculty of letters, Indonesia University of
Computer. This business manufactured a unique educational product which is
named UniCard; a card with attractive design to help children and students in
learning English. UniCard offers a new learning system. It shows the change of
verbs to the form of the present, past and past participle. It is also equipped with
tenses. UniCard is designed uniquely and attractively to attract children and
students interest. Children can use it easily to learn irregular verbs and tenses. The
teachers also can use it to teach students irregular verbs through game, so learning
English should not really make children bored easily.
2.2
Vision and Mission
2.2.1
Vision
The visions of this business are to motivate children learning English and
to develop children’s ability in understanding English. Through these visions, I
want to make children memorize irregular verbs easily by playing a game so that
they can learn while playing.
6
7
2.2.2
Mission
To achieve the visions, this company creates an education game that
motivates children to learn English irregular verbs. The game is designed
attractively and uniquely to interest children in learning English irregular verbs.
2.3
Production Process
The production process began with collecting some verbs and their change
to the form of the present participle, past, and past participle. I collected 80 verbs
as I stated in the table.
say
do
let
tell
Give
lead
ring
think
drink
see
go
lie
wake
Grow
lend
rise
teach
drive
set
be
fly
wear
Hang
lose
shall
throw
fight
buy
hit
put
send
Have
make
shine
write
catch
sew
run
sell
will
Hear
mean
sleep
begin
leave
sit
eat
sing
blow
Hold
meet
speak
break
fight
cut
get
tell
come
Hurt
must
spend
bring
become
win
may
take
fall
Keep
read
stand
catch
understand
can
pay
tear
find
know
ride
steal
choose
8
They are provided in a unique card. The process of making design begins
with designing a basic card that contains verbs and their change to the form of the
present participle, past and past participle, then designing a circle card. After the
process of making design is finished, the card is printed. The production process
is done at the printing office, PT. Ardie Putra Grafindo. It is located at Jl. Kasuari
9 No. 69 Cikarang Baru.
2.4
Marketing Ways
This company has marketing ways, such as offering product to schools and
bookstores,
collaborating
with
the teachers,
selling the
product
to
the
consumers, neighbors, relatives, friends, family, and distributing brochures so that
people know about our product and order it.
2.5
Organization and Management
The business of UniCard was built to help children in learning English
irregular verbs. I got the fund to build this business from my parent. I built and
managed this business with Mr. Rohani. His responsibilities are making a design
and printing UniCard. My responsibilities are noting the transactions, making the
financial reports, buying the equipments, marketing the product and giving the
brochures.
9
2.6
Structure of Organization
Director
Lanita Ermawati
Creative Design
Finance, Marketing
Rohani
and Operational
Lanita Ermawati
CHAPTER III
THE DESCRIPTION OF THE TOPIC
3.1
The Characteristics of Children as Learners
As learners, children have some characteristics. Based on my observation
at SDIT Cordova and SDIT Al-Kautsar, children are comfortable with routines. It
means that they need habit to learn. Children learn in a variety of ways, for
example: by listening, by imitating and by doing things. The teachers teach their
students English using the video, so children learn English through what they see
and hear in the video, and they usually imitate what they have seen and heard in
the video. Because children only imitate what they see and hear, they do not
understanding about the rule of language. Children will learn the concept of verb
tense simply by hearing and using more speech as they grow and develop. Most
children start out by generalizing the past tense rules they hear in some regular
verbs for application to irregular verbs, which can lead to errors like using "taked"
instead of "took". Therefore, in teaching English, the teachers need to know how
to teach English for children.
Teachers must make learning English enjoyable and make sure children
feel comfortable, and not afraid to take part. Based on my observation and
interviewing, the teachers are fond of praising their students in class to make
children feel comfortable in class. They also try to accompany their explanation
with media in order to the children understand easily. It is needed many ways to
make them understand what the teachers’ mean. Teachers use pictures, games and
10
11
videos. However, sometimes the teachers have the difficulties in teaching English
to their students.
Teaching English as a language is sometimes a hard job to perform
because of the number of impediments the teacher may encounter. The difficulties
that teachers meet are most of the time the lack of motivation for the students to
learn English since they are not exposed to hear and practice English everywhere
and all the time.
To take up this challenge, the teachers have recourse to games to enhance
the children’s desire to learn the language. In the whole process of teaching and
learning by games, the students can take part widely and open-mindedly. To win
the games each student or group competitively answers the questions addressed by
the teacher or other students or groups.
Children learn better when they have the feeling that they are making
progress. This happens when the atmosphere in the classroom facilitates it. The
teachers use game to create this kind of atmosphere. They also use game to repeat
the material. Children are bored when they learn by reading a text book, but they
are happy when they learn by using games, so learning English should not really
become children getting bored for children because educational games are easy
ways of learning English with full of fun.
There are a great number of educational games. So teachers have a variety
of choices. However, in deciding which game to use in a particular class and
which games will be most appropriate and most successful with their students,
teachers must take many factors into account.
12
Teachers should also be able to play and overact sometimes to help
students feel comfortable and want to join the activity. This means that the
teachers should thoroughly understand the game and its nature and be able to lead
the game. Before teaching their students by using game, teachers explain the rules
of game clearly until the students understand. Teachers also demonstrate the game
because it can be very helpful to help students understand it and help them follow
the rules.
In addition, they should consider when the game should be used. Teachers
use game as short warm-up activities at the beginning of class and when there is
extra time near the end of class, so game do not disturb their lesson. Teachers
should consider the level of the game to fit their students' language level. Game
that is used in the first class is different with the third class. In the first class,
teachers use game that contains pictures. They should also choose the game that
fits the purposes of that class or the content. Teachers use a language game in
language class and they use math game in math class.
It is quite difficult to find a game that meets all of the teachers'
requirements. Some games must be adapted in order to fit students' language
level, natures, and characteristics. The most important factor is that games should
be used when they can give students both fun and educational meaning, otherwise
they will be a waste of time.
13
There is an educational game that can give students fun and educational
meaning. The game is UniCard. UniCard is one of the language games. UniCard
is an education game that can help children in learning English irregular verbs.
UniCard shows the change of verbs to the form of the present participle, past and
past participle. It can be played at home or school. Children can also play it with
their friends. UniCard is created to make children learning irregular verbs easily
because many irregular verbs are commonly used and they need to be memorized.
3.2
The benefits of using UniCard in teaching and learning
irregular verbs
In the previous discussion, it is explained that UniCard can helps children
in learning English irregular verbs, so it can be said that UniCard not only
function as time filling activities but also it has a great educational value. UniCard
can be a very useful teaching technique for the effective and joyful learning.
There are many benefits of using UniCard in teaching and learning irregular
verbs.
Teaching irregular verb tenses to children can be difficult because there is
no system or formula to remember which verbs are irregular. Moreover, there are
a large number of students who are not interested in English classes. The way of
teaching commonly makes the students lazy and bored. The teacher needs
something different to make students interested because mostly children are very
easy to get bored. Therefore, teacher needs something interesting which can
motivate them. Teachers can use UniCard to teach students irregular verbs. It can
14
motivate children to learn irregular verbs. Children can make memorizing
irregular verbs fun using UniCard. Another benefit of using UniCard is increasing
students' proficiency. Playing UniCard in the classroom can enormously increase
students' ability in understanding irregular verbs and lower students’ stress.
UniCard can lower students' stress in the classroom. In conventional
classrooms, there is a lot of stress put on students trying to master the second
language (English). Schultz (1988) said that
"...Stress is a major hindrance in language learning process. This
process [Learning language in traditional way] is by its nature
time consuming and stress provoking......raise the stress level to a
point at which it interferes with student attention and efficiency
and undermines motivation......one method has been developed to
make students forget that they are in class....relax students by
engaging them in stress-reducing task (games)."
There is a high level of stress in the classroom because students have to
face unfamiliar or unknown grammatical structures, words, texts and so forth.
Therefore, students often feel uncomfortable and insecure in class, which
inevitably affects their ability to learn. UniCard can help lower their anxiety,
make them feel comfortable and want to learn irregular verbs. It is believed that
when students play games, they relax and have fun. Since students know that they
are playing games and want to communicate efficiently they do not worry about
making mistakes. When students are free from worry and stress, they can improve
their English ability.
15
Another advantage of using UniCard is that it involves "friendly"
competition. When playing UniCard, students are trying to win or to beat other
teams for themselves or on the behalf of their team. They are so competitive while
playing because they want to win. In the class, students will definitely participate
in the playing UniCard.
My observation and interviewing with the teachers who use UniCard as a
teaching aid showed that by using UniCard, the students became more interested
and motivated in the learning irregular verbs. The students learn irregular verbs
using UniCard without being bored. As a result, their vocabulary (irregular verbs)
increased. UniCard also helps the students in building a good relationship with
their friends as well as increasing their achievement in learning irregular verbs.
In short, language games used in the classroom are very effective and
supportive activities in contributing to students' language proficiency.
Unfortunately, because of limitations of time and curriculum, teachers normally
have to cover all the content and materials, which students will be tested on, and it
is not always easy to incorporate games into the class.
Nevertheless, it can be seen that games are very useful and can be used to
develop students' language learning and also provide the students an opportunity
to practice communication. Therefore, it is recommended that teachers try some
games that may be useful to their students in order to enhance students'
proficiency and help them meet their goals, and at least to try new things in
teaching.
16
3.3
Problems in The Using of UniCard
Based on my observation and interviewing, there are some problems that
are faced in using of UniCard. First, children do not know how to play it at first.
Second, they do not understand the rules of the games.
3.4
Solution of the Problems
There are some solutions to solve the problems that are faced in using of
UniCard. For the first problem, teachers should demonstrate how to play UniCard
because it can help students understand how to play it. For the second problem, to
use UniCard in classroom, it is equally important that before playing it, the rules
of UniCard are clearly explained and well understood by the students. It can help
students follow the rules. Otherwise, they will misunderstand the purpose of the
game and they may not get the benefits they should from the game.
CHAPTER IV
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
Recently, using games has become a popular technique exercised by many
educators in the classrooms and recommended by methodologists. Many sources,
including the ones quoted in this work, list the advantages of the use of games in
foreign language classrooms.
Though the main objectives of the games (UniCard) were to acquaint
students with new words, especially irregular verbs, they also helped develop the
students' communicative competence.
Although, it cannot be said that games are always better and easier to cope
with for everyone, an overwhelming majority of pupils find games relaxing and
motivating. Games should be an integral part of a lesson, providing the possibility
of intensive practise while at the same time immensely enjoyable for both students
and teachers.
From the observations, I noticed that those groups of students who learned
irregular verbs with games felt more motivated and interested in what they were
doing. My research has produced some evidence which shows that games are
useful and more successful than other method. Having such evidence at hand, I
wish to suggested the wide use of games as a successful way of acquiring
language competence.
17
It can be seen that games are very useful and can be used to develop
students' language learning and also provide the students an opportunity to
practice communication. Therefore, I suggested that teachers try some games that
may be useful to their students in order to enhance students' proficiency and help
them meet their goals, and at least to try new things in teaching because the
evidence shows that language games used in the classroom are very effective and
supportive activities in contributing to students' language proficiency.
18
CONTENTS
Abstract
iv
Abstrak
v
Acknowledgement
vi
Contents
vii
CHAPTER I
: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Topic
1
1.2 Scope
2
1.3 Objectives
2
1.4 Significant to Knowledge
2
1.5 The framework of the theory
3
1.6 Research Method
4
1.7 Place and time
5
CHAPTER II : THE BUSINESS OF UNICARD COMPANY
6
CHAPTER III : THE DESCRIPTION OF THE TOPIC
10
CHAPTER IV : CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
17
REFERENCES
19
APPENDICES
20
CURRICULUM VITAE
40
vii
THE EDUCATION GAME HELPS CHILDREN IN LEARNING
IRREGULAR VERBS
JOB TRAINING REPORT
Submitted to fulfill one of the course requirements
LANITA ERMAWATI
63708025
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LETTERS
INDONESIA UNIVERSITY OF COMPUTER
2011
CURRICULUM VITAE
1. Student’s Profile
Name
: Lanita Ermawati
Address
: Jl. Kasuari 9 No.69 Cikarang Baru
Place & date of birth : Tangerang, 20th June 1989
Sex
: Female
Religion
: Islam
Phone
: 08986182105
E-mail
: vinc_laannyytha@yahoo.com
2. Educational Background
a. Formal Education
No
Year
Institution
1
1995-2001
SDN Mekar Mukti 06
2
2001-2004
SMP YAPINK
3
2004-2007
SMA YAPINK
4
2008-present
English Department Indonesia
University of Computer
42
b. Informal Education
No
Course/Seminar
Year
1.
Arabic Language Course (Uncertified)
2005
2.
Seminar on Copywriting I (Certified)
2009
3.
Seminar on Copywriting II (Certified)
2010
4.
Seminar on Feminist, Feminine and Text (Certified)
2011
3. Competency
I have the competencies as follows:
1. The computer operating, particularly Ms. Office Programs
2. Translating
43
REFERENCES
Wright, Andrew et al. 1984. Games for Language Learning. Cambridge
University Press.
Kim, Lee Su. 1995. Creative Games for The Language Class.
Pinker, Steven. 1999. Words and Rules.
Lee, W. R. 1979. Language teaching games and contests. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
www.ehow.com/info_8570344_games-make-play-irregular-verbs.html
http://www.ehow.co.uk/how_8214464_teach-verb-tenses-kids-english.html
19
Children will learn the concept of verb tense by hearing and imitating.
Most children start out by generalizing the past tense rules they hear in some
regular verbs for application to irregular verbs. It means that listening may not be
an adequate learning method for children. With practicing, memorizing, reading
and doing activities, children can learn irregular verb tenses. Games are a fun and
effective way to practice with irregular verb tenses. Based on that reasons, in this
job training report I try to solve the problem by offering UniCard; new teaching
strategy.
UniCard is an education game that can help children in learning English
irregular verbs. UniCard is believed can give the positive effect and joyful
learning to the students in memorizing English irregular verbs. My goal is to show
UniCard as a new education game to increase children’s motivation in learning
English. In this job training report, I will describe the characteristics of children as
learners, the benefits of using UniCard in teaching and learning English irregular
verbs, the problems in the using of UniCard and the solution of those problems. I
do the observation and interviewing to do this research. My research shows that
games are very useful and can be used to develop students' language ability.
Therefore, I recommend teachers to try some games that may be useful to their
students in order to enhance students' proficiency, to help them meet their goals,
and at least to try new things in teaching.
iv
Abstrak
Anak-anak mempelajari konsep kata kerja dengan mendengarkan dan
meniru. Kebanyakan anak-anak mulai dengan menyamaratakan kaidah past tense
yang mereka dengar dalam beberapa kata kerja beraturan untuk penggunaan
kata kerja tak beraturan. Itu berarti bahwa mendengarkan mungkin bukanlah
metode yang memadai untuk anak-anak. Dengan berlatih, menghafal, membaca
dan melakukan aktifitas, anak-anak dapat mempelajari kata kerja tak beraturan.
Permainan adalah cara yang efektif dan menyenangkan untuk berlatih kata kerja
tak beraturan. Berdasarkan alasan itu, dalam laporan kuliah kerja lapangan ini
saya mencoba memecahkan masalah tersebut dengan menawarkan UniCard;
strategi baru dalam mengajar.
UniCard adalah permainan edukasi yang dapat membantu anak-anak
dalam mempelajari kata kerja tak beraturan. UniCard dipercaya dapat
memberikan pengaruh positif dan pelajaran menyenangkan bagi para siswa
dalam menghafal kata kerja tak beraturan. Tujuan saya adalah untuk
memperkenalkan UniCard (permainan edukasi baru) untuk meningkatkan
motivasi anak-anak dalam belajar bahasa Inggris. Dalam laporan kuliah kerja
lapangan ini, saya akan menggambarkan karakter anak-anak sebagai pelajar,
manfaat menggunakan UniCard dalam mengajar dan mempelajari kata kerja tak
beraruran, masalah-masalah dalam penggunan UniCard dan solusi untuk
masalah-masalah tersebut. Saya melakukan observasi dan wawancara untuk
melaksanakan penelitian ini. Penelitian saya menunjukkan bahwa permainan
sangat bermanfaat dan dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan
berbahasa anak-anak. Oleh karena itu, saya merekomendasikan para guru untuk
mencoba menggunakan permainan yang mungkin berguna bagi siswa mereka
untuk meningkatkan keahlian siswa, membantu mereka menemui tujuannya, dan
setidaknya mencoba sesuatu yang baru dalam mengajar.
v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, I would like to thank Lord for His blessing and guidance
during my study at Indonesia University of Computer especially throughout the
process of writing my job training report. My appreciation also goes to my parents
and family for their love and spiritual support in my life. I also thank my brother
Rohani, who helps me making design of UniCard. Besides, I would like to thank
my fiancé who always encourages and prays for me.
I also would like to show my heartfelt thanks and enormous gratitude to
my tutor Mrs. Retno Purwani Sari, S. S., M. Hum., who offered me enlightening
instructions, patient guidance and valuable suggestions, which contributed to the
completion of my job training report. In addition, my gratitude is also given to the
lecturers of Faculty of Letter at Indonesia University of Computer for their
valuable teaching.
Last but not least, I am very grateful to all my classmates, friends who
have given me generous support and helpful advice.
vi
APPENDICES
20
BUSINESS PLAN
Ditujukan sebagai salah satu kegiatan
Kuliah Kerja Lapangan
UNICARD
English Department
Faculty of Letters
Indonesia University of Computer
2011
DESCRIPTION OF VENTURE
Product
Besarnya jumlah siswa/siswi dalam setiap kabupaten, manjadi lahan untuk
meraup keuntungan dengan memasarkan/menjual produk-produk pendidikan guna
membantu siswa/siswi dalam memahami pelajarannya.
“Bisnis yang tidak ada matinya”, ini adalah ungkapan yang paling tepat
untuk bisnis di bidang pendidikan, selama kreatifitas, mau berusaha dan kesabaran
manusia masih ada. Karena setiap tahun berapa banyak orang tua yang sibuk
mandaftarkan anaknya ke sekolahan/madrasah yang baru, dan berapa banyak
jumlah siswa/siswi baru pada setiap tingkatan pendidikan dalam satu kabupaten.
Dan hal itu juga lah yang melatarbelakangi saya untuk membangun usaha bisnis
UniCard ini.
UniCard merupakan produk edukasi yang unik dengan desain yang
menarik bagi siswa/siswi dalam menguasai pelajaran. UniCard merupakan produk
pendidikan yang menawarkan sistem belajar baru. UniCard adalah kartu dengan
desain yang unik, menarik, berisi irregular verb dan rangkuman rumus-rumus
tenses yang mudah di terapkan untuk membantu kesulitan belajar siswa dalam
menghafal irregular verb dan tenses, praktis sangat efektif dan menyenangkan,
sesuai kurikulum, mempercepat dan mempermudah siswa/siswi dalam belajar dan
sebagai pengganti buku pelajaran. Produk edukasi ini didesain menarik bagi
siswa/siswi
SD
sampai
SMA
dalam
menguasai
pelajaran,
meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa mulai dari SD sampai SMA.
membantu
OPERATION PLAN
Proses produksi UniCard ini dimulai dengan mengumpulkan materi yakni
kata kerja tak beraturan (irregular verb). Materi-materi yang sudah dikumpulkan
disajikan dalam bentuk kartu edukatif yang unik. Proses pembuatan desain
diawali dengan membuat desain kartu dasar, kemudian membuat desain untuk
kartu yang diputar. Setelah proses pembuatan desain selesai lengkap dengan
isinya yaitu kata kerja irregular dan rumus tenses, maka kartu siap dicetak. Proses
produksi termasuk proses pencetakkan dilakukan di kantor kami di percetakan
Ardie Putra Grafindo, Jl. Kasuari 9 No. 69 Cikarang Baru.
Dibawah ini merupakan bagan mengenai tahapan proses produksi
UniCard.
Pengumpulan Materi
Pemasaran/Penjualan
Desain Kartu
Pencetakkan
MARKETING PLAN
Analisis STP (Segmentation, Targeting, Positioning)
Target yang ingin dicapai adalah penjualan dapat mencapai sedikitnya 100
buah selama satu bulan masa penjualan. Untuk mencapai target yang diinginkan
tentu saja membutuhkan strategi penjualan dan upaya-upaya marketing yang
inovatif untuk mendistribusikan produk tersebut. Strategi penjualan yang akan
dilakukan adalah dengan menawarkan produk ke sekolah-sekolah, bekerjasama
dengan guru bidang pendidikan, sistem konsinyasi ke koperasi atau toko buku
dengan harga khusus (diskon), penjualan langsung yaitu penjualan langsung
kepada konsumen, dijual kepada tetangga, kerabat, teman, keluarga, dll. Penjualan
secara Direct Sell door to door, dari sekolah ke sekolah, di kompleks-kompleks
perumahan, dan menyebarkan brosur sebanyak-banyaknya.
Lokasi yang dipilih untuk mendistribusikan produk tersebut adalah di
kabupaten Bekasi, khususnya kota Cikarang. Lokasi yang ditentukan dekat
dengan toko buku, kompleks perumahan, sekolah-sekolah, mulai dari Taman
Kanak-Kanak sampai Perguruan Tinggi, dimana banyak terdapat pelajar dan
pengajar.
Dengan strategi peenjualan yang berlokasi di tempat strategis, segmen
konsumen yang dituju adalah anak-anak usia 8 tahun sampai dewasa, mulai dari
Sekolah Dasar, SMP, SMA sampai Perguruan Tinggi.
Prospek usaha ini cukup menjanjikan, dilihat dari banyaknya jumlah
pelajar di kabupaten Bekasi serta banyaknya institusi pendidikan dan kompleks
perumahan yang menunjang kemajuan usaha ini.
Kebijakan Produk, harga dan Promosi
Harga yang ditawarkan untuk produk ini relatif murah. Untuk reseller Rp.
6000 dan untuk konsumen langsung Rp. 7000. Dari harga yang ada, saya benarbenar berusaha untuk membuat para pelanggan merasa puas dengan produk yang
saya tawarkan sehingga para pelanggan benar-benar merasa tidak dirugikan dan
merasa pantas mengeluarkan sejumlah budget untuk membeli produk ini.
Promosi yang saya lakukan lebih ke penyebaran brosur-brosur dan
pemasangan pamflet-pamflet di simpang-simpang jalan atau di depan sekolahsekolah. Dengan begitu, para calon pelanggan bisa mengetahui produk yang akan
saya jual.
Risk Analysis
Kesulitan yang saya hadapi dalam pengembangan usaha ini adalah
banyaknya produk-produk mainan edukasi dengan keunggulan-keunggulan
tersendiri, sehingga cukup sulit untuk menumbuhkan rasa percaya pelanggan pada
produk yang saya tawarkan, selain itu pembuatan desain yang cukup rumit
menjadi salah satu kendala dalam mengembangkan usaha ini.
Untuk menanggulangi resiko ini, kami akan berupaya membuat desain
semenarik mungkin agar para calon pelanggan tertarik dengan produk yang akan
kami tawarkan dan berupaya membuat desain yang sederhana namun tetap unik
dan menarik.
FINANCIAL PLAN
Rencana pengeluaran awal
No
Aktivitas
Alokasi Biaya
1
Percetakan
Rp.
300.000
2
Plastik
Rp.
10.000
3
Kancing
Rp.
15.000
4
Perlengkapan/ATK
Rp.
35.000
5
Biaya Tak Terduga
Rp.
100.000
6
Transportasi
Rp.
50.000
7
Brosur/Pamflet
Rp.
90.000
Rp.
600.000
Jumlah
Modal yang didapatkan berasal dari orang tua kami.
Desain: Rohani
Pictures of UniCard
Muka Depan
Muka Belakang
Kartu yang Diputar
Kartu Dasar
LAPORAN PERKEMBANGAN USAHA
UNICARD (UC)
Laporan Jalannya Usaha
Ditujukan sebagai salah satu kegiatan
Kuliah Kerja Lapangan
UC
English Department
Faculty of Letters
Indonesia University of Computer
2011
PENDAHULUAN
UniCard adalah bisnis yang saya dirikan dalam rangka kegiatan kuliah
kerja lapangan di jurusan Sastra Inggris Universitas Komputer Indonesia. UniCard
merupakan produk edukasi yang unik dengan desain yang menarik bagi
siswa/siswi dalam menguasai pelajaran. UniCard merupakan produk pendidikan
yang menawarkan sistem belajar baru. UniCard adalah kartu dengan desain yang
unik, menarik, berisi irregular verb dan rangkuman rumus-rumus tenses yang
mudah di terapkan untuk membantu kesulitan belajar siswa SD sampai SMA
dalam menghafal irregular verb dan tenses. Produk edukasi ini mempermudah
siswa/siswi dalam belajar, sebagai pengganti buku pelajaran dan juga dapat
meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa.
Besarnya jumlah siswa/siswi dalam setiap kabupaten menjadi lahan untuk
meraup keuntungan dengan memasarkan/menjual produk-produk pendidikan guna
membantu siswa/siswi dalam memahami pelajarannya. Dan hal itulah yang
melatarbelakangi saya untuk membangun usaha bisnis UniCard ini.
Prospek usaha ini cukup menjanjikan, dilihat dari banyaknya jumlah
pelajar serta banyaknya institusi pendidikan yang menunjang kemajuan usaha ini.
“Bisnis yang tidak ada matinya”, ini adalah ungkapan yang paling tepat untuk
bisnis di bidang pendidikan selama kreatifitas, mau berusaha dan kesabaran
manusia masih ada. Karena setiap tahun berapa banyak orang tua yang sibuk
mendaftarkan anaknya ke sekolah/madrasah yang baru, dan berapa banyak jumlah
siswa/siswi baru pada setiap tingkatan pendidikan.
Proses produksi UniCard ini dimulai dengan mengumpulkan materi yakni
kata kerja tak beraturan (irregular verb). Materi-materi yang sudah dikumpulkan
disajikan dalam bentuk kartu edukatif yang unik. Proses pembuatan desain
diawali dengan membuat desain kartu dasar, kemudian membuat desain untuk
kartu yang diputar. Setelah proses pembuatan desain selesai lengkap dengan
isinya yaitu kata kerja irregular dan rumus tenses, maka kartu siap dicetak. Proses
produksi termasuk proses pencetakkan dilakukan di percetakan Ardie Putra
Grafindo, Jl. Kasuari 9 No. 69 Cikarang Baru. Lokasi yang dipilih untuk
mendistribusikan produk tersebut adalah di kabupaten Bekasi, khususnya kota
Cikarang. Lokasi yang ditentukan dekat dengan toko buku, kompleks perumahan,
sekolah-sekolah, dimana banyak terdapat pelajar dan pengajar.
LAPORAN PERKEMBANGAN USAHA
Bisnis yang saya jalankan selama kurang lebih 1 bulan ini telah sesuai
dengan business plan yang telah saya buat sebelumnya. Hanya ada sedikit
perubahan dalam biaya produksi karena saya ingin menekan seminimal mungkin
biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk berjalannya bisnis ini sehingga biaya produksi
UniCard ini tidak sesuai dengan biaya produksi yang saya cantumkan dalam
business plan yang telah saya buat sebelumnya.
Strategi penjualan yang dilakukan adalah dengan menawarkan produk ke
sekolah-sekolah, bekerjasama dengan guru bidang pendidikan, sistem konsinyasi
ke koperasi atau toko buku dengan harga khusus (diskon), penjualan langsung
yaitu penjualan langsung kepada konsumen, dijual kepada tetangga, kerabat,
teman, keluarga, dll. Penjualan secara Direct Sell door to door, dari sekolah ke
sekolah, di kompleks-kompleks perumahan, dan menyebarkan brosur sebanyakbanyaknya. Total produk yang saya cetak adalah 100 buah, sedangkan total
produk yang terjual sebanyak 99 buah dan produk yang tersisa sebanyak 1 buah.
LAPORAN LABA RUGI
Pendapatan
Penjualan grosir (60x6000)
Rp. 360.000
Penjualan eceran (39x7000)
Rp. 273.000
Total Pendapatan
Rp. 633.000
Pengeluaran awal
Percetakan
Rp. 400.000
Plastik
Rp. 10.000
Kancing
Rp. 15.000
Brosur/pamflet
Rp. 20.000
Biaya tak terduga
Rp. 20.000
Total Pengeluaran
Rp. 465.000
Laba Kotor
Rp. 168.000
Beban Usaha:
Biaya Transportasi
Rp. 20.000
Print & fotocopy
Rp.
Total beban usaha
Laba Bersih
8.000
Rp. 28.000
Rp. 140.000
KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
Kesimpulan
Dari awal perencanaan bisnis ini, saya menekan seminimal mungkin biaya
yang dikeluarkan untuk berjalannya bisnis ini. Tingkat penjualan yang awalnya
rendah dan jauh dari apa yang diharapkan, setelah beberapa waktu mengalami
peningkatan yang disebabkan banyak faktor seperti strategi pemasaran yang saya
tetapkan untuk menguasai target pasar.
Dilihat dari tingkat penjualan yang terus meningkat pada bisnis yang saya
jalankan ini, menggambarkan bahwa ada respon positif yang diberikan oleh
masyarakat. Hal ini disebabkan karena banyaknya orang tua dan para pengajar
yang ingin membantu anak-anak maupun murid-murid mereka dalam memahami
pelajaran melalui mainan edukasi.
Saran
Sampai saat ini, bisnis yang saya jalankan memberikan gambaran positif
bahwa bisnis di bidang pendidikan bisa bertahan dan bahkan terus mendapatkan
tingkat pendapatan yang semakin baik lagi untuk jangka panjang ke depannya.
Tentu saja hal ini harus ditunjang dengan adanya kreatifitas tinggi,
semangat berusaha, serta kesabaran yang harus dimiliki oleh siapapun yang ingin
menjalankan bisnis ini untuk dapat bersaing dengan bisnis-bisnis di bidang
pendidikan lainnya yang kini makin menjamur keberadaannya.
LAMPIRAN
Perincian Penjualan
1. SDIT Cordova
20 buah
2. SDIT Al-Kautsar
20 buah
3. Toko Buku Sanjay
20 buah
4. Direct sell door to door
11 buah
5. Pemesanan
18 buah
6. Keluarga/teman/kerabat
10 buah
Total Produk yang Terjual :
Sisa Produk
99 buah
:
Harga grosir : Rp. 6.000/buah (minimal pembelian 1 kodi)
Harga eceran : Rp. 7.000/buah
1 buah
DESIGN OF UNICARD
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background
Language learning may be considered as a hard work which sometimes
may cause frustrating feeling. As a result, maintained efforts are required to
understand, to produce and to manipulate the second language (read, English).
Along with the process, common perceptions that all learning should be serious
and solemn in nature, and that if one is having fun and there are hilarity and
laughter, it is not really learning. In my opinion, these perceptions are
misconceptions. It is possible to learn a language as well as to enjoy oneself at the
same time. Games are one of effective ways of doing this. Well-chosen games are
invaluable as they give children a break and at the same time allow children to
learn language. Moreover, games can enhance the children’s desire to learn the
language. Based on that reasons, I created an educational game to help children in
learning English vocabulary, especially English irregular verbs; one of essential
words in making grammatical and natural English sentence.
In addition, games provide effectiveness on learning English in various
ways. Since games bring in relaxation and fun, children can accept and retain new
words more easily. Moreover, through games children experiment, discover, and
interact with their environment, it is good for their social development. Games
also add variation to a lesson and increase motivation. For that reasons, in this job
training report I will discuss about the benefits of education games in learning
1
2
English irregular verbs. “The education game helps children in learning irregular
verbs” is chosen as the title of this job training report.
1.2
Scope
The writer restricts the problems into four points:
1.
What are the characteristics of children as learners?
2.
What are the benefits of using UniCard in learning irregular verbs
3.
What are the problems in the using of UniCard?
4.
What is the solution of the problem?
1.3
Objectives
1.
Describe the characteristics of children as learners.
2.
Describe the benefits of using UniCard in learning irregular verbs.
3.
Describe the problems in the using of UniCard.
4.
Describe the solution of the problem.
1.4
Significant to knowledge
Theoretically, the description of how education games help children in
learning irregular verbs may give valuable contribution in supporting the idea that
mentions games are effective and useful in language learning.
Practically, UniCard is expected to give the teachers or parents an
alternative idea in teaching irregular verbs to their students and children.
3
1.5
The framework of the theory
“Children love to play and use their imagination” (Slattery and Willis,
2001). Based on the assumption, it will be considered that children will learn their
lessons more effectively if they use the learning method which gives them the
freedom in playing and using their imagination. They love to learn while playing.
Language games, for example, are believed can give the positive effect and joyful
learning to the children in developing their language skills.
Playing language games will help the children to develop language and
thought. In the activities of language games, the children will develop their ability
to say what they mean to say and to express them clearly. “Language games refer
to games that children which enable them to learn the language” (Wittgenstein as
cited in Shawver). It can be said that language games not only function as time
filling activities but also they can bring some educational values that enable the
children to learn the language. There are a great number of language games. So
teachers have a variety of choices. However, teachers must choose the appropriate
games with the characteristics of the children; one of them is UniCard.
UniCard is designed as an educational game that can help children in
learning English irregular verbs. It can be played at home or school, in group or
individual. UniCard is a creative card with 80 irregular verbs and tenses. The main
purpose of this creative is to cope the difficulty in memorizing the language units.
On the other words, so many verbs children may learn easily.
4
There are almost 300 irregular verbs in the English language. Irregular
verb are tricky verbs. A verb considered to be irregular, does not follow the
regular pattern of adding a -d or an -ed to the end of the verb in the past tense and
past participle verbs such as “am,” which becomes “was”; “tell,” which becomes
“told”; and “sing,” which becomes “sang.” These are called irregular verbs
because they do not follow the regular pattern. Therefore, irregular verbs are hard
for some children to learn, but it can be easy if they have a knack for memorizing
words as stated by Steven Pinker:
"Irregular forms are just words. If our language faculty has a
knack for memorizing words, it should have no inhibitions about
memorizing past-tense forms at the same time. These are the verbs
we call irregular, and they are a mere 180 additions to a mental
lexicon that already numbers in the tens or hundreds of
thousands." (Steven Pinker, Words and Rules. Basic, 1999).
It can be concluded that if children have a knack for memorizing words,
they can learn irregular verbs easily. Activities and games can help them to
remember irregular verb forms.
1.6
Research Method
This job training report used descriptive method involving gathering data
that describe events. The data of job training were organized, depicted, and
described.
5
The method of collecting data that was used is observation and
interviewing. I did observation in SDIT Cordova and SDIT Al-Kautsar. The
participants are students and teachers in those schools. I interviewed students and
teachers by asking questions to get direct answers.
1.7
Place and Time
I did the job training in PT. Ardie Putra Grafindo that is located at Jl.
Kasuari 9 No. 69 Cikarang Baru, SDIT Cordova and SDIT Al-Kautsar. I worked
and did observation for about a month, started on 25 July until 24 August 2011. I
started working from 8 am to 2 pm from Monday to Friday. The location of
observation is SDIT Cordova and SDIT AL-Kautsar.
CHAPTER II
THE BUSINEES OF UNICARD
2.1
Description of The Company
UniCard Company is a business that I built in order to do the job training;
one of the course requirements at the faculty of letters, Indonesia University of
Computer. This business manufactured a unique educational product which is
named UniCard; a card with attractive design to help children and students in
learning English. UniCard offers a new learning system. It shows the change of
verbs to the form of the present, past and past participle. It is also equipped with
tenses. UniCard is designed uniquely and attractively to attract children and
students interest. Children can use it easily to learn irregular verbs and tenses. The
teachers also can use it to teach students irregular verbs through game, so learning
English should not really make children bored easily.
2.2
Vision and Mission
2.2.1
Vision
The visions of this business are to motivate children learning English and
to develop children’s ability in understanding English. Through these visions, I
want to make children memorize irregular verbs easily by playing a game so that
they can learn while playing.
6
7
2.2.2
Mission
To achieve the visions, this company creates an education game that
motivates children to learn English irregular verbs. The game is designed
attractively and uniquely to interest children in learning English irregular verbs.
2.3
Production Process
The production process began with collecting some verbs and their change
to the form of the present participle, past, and past participle. I collected 80 verbs
as I stated in the table.
say
do
let
tell
Give
lead
ring
think
drink
see
go
lie
wake
Grow
lend
rise
teach
drive
set
be
fly
wear
Hang
lose
shall
throw
fight
buy
hit
put
send
Have
make
shine
write
catch
sew
run
sell
will
Hear
mean
sleep
begin
leave
sit
eat
sing
blow
Hold
meet
speak
break
fight
cut
get
tell
come
Hurt
must
spend
bring
become
win
may
take
fall
Keep
read
stand
catch
understand
can
pay
tear
find
know
ride
steal
choose
8
They are provided in a unique card. The process of making design begins
with designing a basic card that contains verbs and their change to the form of the
present participle, past and past participle, then designing a circle card. After the
process of making design is finished, the card is printed. The production process
is done at the printing office, PT. Ardie Putra Grafindo. It is located at Jl. Kasuari
9 No. 69 Cikarang Baru.
2.4
Marketing Ways
This company has marketing ways, such as offering product to schools and
bookstores,
collaborating
with
the teachers,
selling the
product
to
the
consumers, neighbors, relatives, friends, family, and distributing brochures so that
people know about our product and order it.
2.5
Organization and Management
The business of UniCard was built to help children in learning English
irregular verbs. I got the fund to build this business from my parent. I built and
managed this business with Mr. Rohani. His responsibilities are making a design
and printing UniCard. My responsibilities are noting the transactions, making the
financial reports, buying the equipments, marketing the product and giving the
brochures.
9
2.6
Structure of Organization
Director
Lanita Ermawati
Creative Design
Finance, Marketing
Rohani
and Operational
Lanita Ermawati
CHAPTER III
THE DESCRIPTION OF THE TOPIC
3.1
The Characteristics of Children as Learners
As learners, children have some characteristics. Based on my observation
at SDIT Cordova and SDIT Al-Kautsar, children are comfortable with routines. It
means that they need habit to learn. Children learn in a variety of ways, for
example: by listening, by imitating and by doing things. The teachers teach their
students English using the video, so children learn English through what they see
and hear in the video, and they usually imitate what they have seen and heard in
the video. Because children only imitate what they see and hear, they do not
understanding about the rule of language. Children will learn the concept of verb
tense simply by hearing and using more speech as they grow and develop. Most
children start out by generalizing the past tense rules they hear in some regular
verbs for application to irregular verbs, which can lead to errors like using "taked"
instead of "took". Therefore, in teaching English, the teachers need to know how
to teach English for children.
Teachers must make learning English enjoyable and make sure children
feel comfortable, and not afraid to take part. Based on my observation and
interviewing, the teachers are fond of praising their students in class to make
children feel comfortable in class. They also try to accompany their explanation
with media in order to the children understand easily. It is needed many ways to
make them understand what the teachers’ mean. Teachers use pictures, games and
10
11
videos. However, sometimes the teachers have the difficulties in teaching English
to their students.
Teaching English as a language is sometimes a hard job to perform
because of the number of impediments the teacher may encounter. The difficulties
that teachers meet are most of the time the lack of motivation for the students to
learn English since they are not exposed to hear and practice English everywhere
and all the time.
To take up this challenge, the teachers have recourse to games to enhance
the children’s desire to learn the language. In the whole process of teaching and
learning by games, the students can take part widely and open-mindedly. To win
the games each student or group competitively answers the questions addressed by
the teacher or other students or groups.
Children learn better when they have the feeling that they are making
progress. This happens when the atmosphere in the classroom facilitates it. The
teachers use game to create this kind of atmosphere. They also use game to repeat
the material. Children are bored when they learn by reading a text book, but they
are happy when they learn by using games, so learning English should not really
become children getting bored for children because educational games are easy
ways of learning English with full of fun.
There are a great number of educational games. So teachers have a variety
of choices. However, in deciding which game to use in a particular class and
which games will be most appropriate and most successful with their students,
teachers must take many factors into account.
12
Teachers should also be able to play and overact sometimes to help
students feel comfortable and want to join the activity. This means that the
teachers should thoroughly understand the game and its nature and be able to lead
the game. Before teaching their students by using game, teachers explain the rules
of game clearly until the students understand. Teachers also demonstrate the game
because it can be very helpful to help students understand it and help them follow
the rules.
In addition, they should consider when the game should be used. Teachers
use game as short warm-up activities at the beginning of class and when there is
extra time near the end of class, so game do not disturb their lesson. Teachers
should consider the level of the game to fit their students' language level. Game
that is used in the first class is different with the third class. In the first class,
teachers use game that contains pictures. They should also choose the game that
fits the purposes of that class or the content. Teachers use a language game in
language class and they use math game in math class.
It is quite difficult to find a game that meets all of the teachers'
requirements. Some games must be adapted in order to fit students' language
level, natures, and characteristics. The most important factor is that games should
be used when they can give students both fun and educational meaning, otherwise
they will be a waste of time.
13
There is an educational game that can give students fun and educational
meaning. The game is UniCard. UniCard is one of the language games. UniCard
is an education game that can help children in learning English irregular verbs.
UniCard shows the change of verbs to the form of the present participle, past and
past participle. It can be played at home or school. Children can also play it with
their friends. UniCard is created to make children learning irregular verbs easily
because many irregular verbs are commonly used and they need to be memorized.
3.2
The benefits of using UniCard in teaching and learning
irregular verbs
In the previous discussion, it is explained that UniCard can helps children
in learning English irregular verbs, so it can be said that UniCard not only
function as time filling activities but also it has a great educational value. UniCard
can be a very useful teaching technique for the effective and joyful learning.
There are many benefits of using UniCard in teaching and learning irregular
verbs.
Teaching irregular verb tenses to children can be difficult because there is
no system or formula to remember which verbs are irregular. Moreover, there are
a large number of students who are not interested in English classes. The way of
teaching commonly makes the students lazy and bored. The teacher needs
something different to make students interested because mostly children are very
easy to get bored. Therefore, teacher needs something interesting which can
motivate them. Teachers can use UniCard to teach students irregular verbs. It can
14
motivate children to learn irregular verbs. Children can make memorizing
irregular verbs fun using UniCard. Another benefit of using UniCard is increasing
students' proficiency. Playing UniCard in the classroom can enormously increase
students' ability in understanding irregular verbs and lower students’ stress.
UniCard can lower students' stress in the classroom. In conventional
classrooms, there is a lot of stress put on students trying to master the second
language (English). Schultz (1988) said that
"...Stress is a major hindrance in language learning process. This
process [Learning language in traditional way] is by its nature
time consuming and stress provoking......raise the stress level to a
point at which it interferes with student attention and efficiency
and undermines motivation......one method has been developed to
make students forget that they are in class....relax students by
engaging them in stress-reducing task (games)."
There is a high level of stress in the classroom because students have to
face unfamiliar or unknown grammatical structures, words, texts and so forth.
Therefore, students often feel uncomfortable and insecure in class, which
inevitably affects their ability to learn. UniCard can help lower their anxiety,
make them feel comfortable and want to learn irregular verbs. It is believed that
when students play games, they relax and have fun. Since students know that they
are playing games and want to communicate efficiently they do not worry about
making mistakes. When students are free from worry and stress, they can improve
their English ability.
15
Another advantage of using UniCard is that it involves "friendly"
competition. When playing UniCard, students are trying to win or to beat other
teams for themselves or on the behalf of their team. They are so competitive while
playing because they want to win. In the class, students will definitely participate
in the playing UniCard.
My observation and interviewing with the teachers who use UniCard as a
teaching aid showed that by using UniCard, the students became more interested
and motivated in the learning irregular verbs. The students learn irregular verbs
using UniCard without being bored. As a result, their vocabulary (irregular verbs)
increased. UniCard also helps the students in building a good relationship with
their friends as well as increasing their achievement in learning irregular verbs.
In short, language games used in the classroom are very effective and
supportive activities in contributing to students' language proficiency.
Unfortunately, because of limitations of time and curriculum, teachers normally
have to cover all the content and materials, which students will be tested on, and it
is not always easy to incorporate games into the class.
Nevertheless, it can be seen that games are very useful and can be used to
develop students' language learning and also provide the students an opportunity
to practice communication. Therefore, it is recommended that teachers try some
games that may be useful to their students in order to enhance students'
proficiency and help them meet their goals, and at least to try new things in
teaching.
16
3.3
Problems in The Using of UniCard
Based on my observation and interviewing, there are some problems that
are faced in using of UniCard. First, children do not know how to play it at first.
Second, they do not understand the rules of the games.
3.4
Solution of the Problems
There are some solutions to solve the problems that are faced in using of
UniCard. For the first problem, teachers should demonstrate how to play UniCard
because it can help students understand how to play it. For the second problem, to
use UniCard in classroom, it is equally important that before playing it, the rules
of UniCard are clearly explained and well understood by the students. It can help
students follow the rules. Otherwise, they will misunderstand the purpose of the
game and they may not get the benefits they should from the game.
CHAPTER IV
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
Recently, using games has become a popular technique exercised by many
educators in the classrooms and recommended by methodologists. Many sources,
including the ones quoted in this work, list the advantages of the use of games in
foreign language classrooms.
Though the main objectives of the games (UniCard) were to acquaint
students with new words, especially irregular verbs, they also helped develop the
students' communicative competence.
Although, it cannot be said that games are always better and easier to cope
with for everyone, an overwhelming majority of pupils find games relaxing and
motivating. Games should be an integral part of a lesson, providing the possibility
of intensive practise while at the same time immensely enjoyable for both students
and teachers.
From the observations, I noticed that those groups of students who learned
irregular verbs with games felt more motivated and interested in what they were
doing. My research has produced some evidence which shows that games are
useful and more successful than other method. Having such evidence at hand, I
wish to suggested the wide use of games as a successful way of acquiring
language competence.
17
It can be seen that games are very useful and can be used to develop
students' language learning and also provide the students an opportunity to
practice communication. Therefore, I suggested that teachers try some games that
may be useful to their students in order to enhance students' proficiency and help
them meet their goals, and at least to try new things in teaching because the
evidence shows that language games used in the classroom are very effective and
supportive activities in contributing to students' language proficiency.
18
CONTENTS
Abstract
iv
Abstrak
v
Acknowledgement
vi
Contents
vii
CHAPTER I
: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Topic
1
1.2 Scope
2
1.3 Objectives
2
1.4 Significant to Knowledge
2
1.5 The framework of the theory
3
1.6 Research Method
4
1.7 Place and time
5
CHAPTER II : THE BUSINESS OF UNICARD COMPANY
6
CHAPTER III : THE DESCRIPTION OF THE TOPIC
10
CHAPTER IV : CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
17
REFERENCES
19
APPENDICES
20
CURRICULUM VITAE
40
vii
THE EDUCATION GAME HELPS CHILDREN IN LEARNING
IRREGULAR VERBS
JOB TRAINING REPORT
Submitted to fulfill one of the course requirements
LANITA ERMAWATI
63708025
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LETTERS
INDONESIA UNIVERSITY OF COMPUTER
2011
CURRICULUM VITAE
1. Student’s Profile
Name
: Lanita Ermawati
Address
: Jl. Kasuari 9 No.69 Cikarang Baru
Place & date of birth : Tangerang, 20th June 1989
Sex
: Female
Religion
: Islam
Phone
: 08986182105
: vinc_laannyytha@yahoo.com
2. Educational Background
a. Formal Education
No
Year
Institution
1
1995-2001
SDN Mekar Mukti 06
2
2001-2004
SMP YAPINK
3
2004-2007
SMA YAPINK
4
2008-present
English Department Indonesia
University of Computer
42
b. Informal Education
No
Course/Seminar
Year
1.
Arabic Language Course (Uncertified)
2005
2.
Seminar on Copywriting I (Certified)
2009
3.
Seminar on Copywriting II (Certified)
2010
4.
Seminar on Feminist, Feminine and Text (Certified)
2011
3. Competency
I have the competencies as follows:
1. The computer operating, particularly Ms. Office Programs
2. Translating
43
REFERENCES
Wright, Andrew et al. 1984. Games for Language Learning. Cambridge
University Press.
Kim, Lee Su. 1995. Creative Games for The Language Class.
Pinker, Steven. 1999. Words and Rules.
Lee, W. R. 1979. Language teaching games and contests. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
www.ehow.com/info_8570344_games-make-play-irregular-verbs.html
http://www.ehow.co.uk/how_8214464_teach-verb-tenses-kids-english.html
19