Instrumentation Preparation and characterization of catalyst Catalyst testing and analysis of prod- uct
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering Catalysis, 12 2, 2017, 220
Copyright © 2017, BCREC, ISSN 1978-2993 weight and viscosity should be lowered. To
lower the molecular weight, viscosity, and aro- matics content, the coal tar must be processed
by hydrogenation and cracking or hydrocrack- ing. The cracking process requires a catalyst
that has dual functions, i.e. metal component as the hydrogenation catalyst and acid compo-
nent as the cracking catalyst [3]. Ones of the transition metals that most commonly used in
the hydrocracking process are Co and Mo. Meanwhile, the most common catalyst used in
catalytic cracking and hydrocracking is zeolite [4-10].
Wang et al. [11] has done a research using zeolite catalyst, that reaction initially took
place at high temperature without a catalyst, but when using a catalyst, the reaction could
take place at lower temperature. Research by Emelik [12] and Tsitsishvili [13] about the
effect of Ni and Mo metals showed that catalyst with Ni and Mo required higher specific surface
area to produce greater distribution of Mo. Anggoro et al. [14] and Zeno [15] studied the
effect of Co and Mo metals addition on Y zeolite and found that at higher concentration of the
metal, the catalyst acidity was higher if sup- ported by equitable distribution. Therefore, in
this research, the Co and Mo impregnated into Y zeolite was applied to convert coal tar into
liquid fuels.
The effect of impregnation temperature and time need to be considered to determine the
best preparation of Co-MoY zeolite condition which can be used as a hydrocracking catalyst
of coal tar. This has encouraged research to de- termine the effect of impregnation condition of
Co and Mo into Y zeolite in coal tar hydrocrack- ing into liquid fuel. Therefore, the objectives of
this research are to determine the effect of tem- perature and length time of impregnation on
the preparation of the Co-MoY zeolite catalyst, to characterize the Co-MoY zeolite catalyst,
and to test the catalyst on the conversion of coal tar to liquid fuel.
2. Materials and Method 2.1. Materials
The materials used were a coal tar from PT. Sango Ceramic Indonesia, Y-zeolite 99.9
and ZSM-5 99.9 from Zeolyst International, CoNO
3 2
.6H
2
O 99.0
from Merck,
NH
4 6
Mo
7
O
24
.4H
2
O 99.3 from Merck, ammonia from Merck, and hydrogen gas 99.99
from PT. Aneka Gas.