Introduction OGC service specifications related to the Event Architecture

110 Copyright © 2010 Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. Figure 38: Overview and timeline of the relevant service specifications The general aim of the Event Architecture work is to develop the theoretical background for an Event Service specification that is applicable in all OGC domains. This includes for instance requirement analysis, definition of terms, general architecture design but also investigation of possible realization technologies. The latter is discussed in the next section. In the way towards an Event Service, the first steps were made in the Sensor Web Enablement SWE initiative with the definition of the SAS and WNS specifications. The development on these specifications went on until 2007 and resulted in two Best Practices specifications 06-028r3 for the SAS and 06-095 for the WNS. These specifications were prepared for voting but never entered the voting phase and thus, no SAS or WNS standard was released. One reason for this was the request to make stronger use of existing standards for instance for the encoding of SAS alerts but also for the service binding. This led to the development of the SES specification, still within the SWE initiative. Like the SAS, the Sensor Event Service was designed as a broker between notification producers e.g. sensors and notification consumers e.g. client applications or other services. In contrast to the SAS it reused the Web Services Notification WS-N standards from OASIS for the definition of the service binding. Necessary OGC and SWE operations like GetCapabilities or DescribeSensor were added on top. Also the filtering capabilities were redesigned and largely enhanced, allowing to use the OGC Filter Encoding to define the events one is interested in as well as the Event Pattern Markup Language EML, Discussion Paper 08-132 to perform complex event processing. This service specification was released as an OGC Discussion Paper in 2008 08-133. Copyright © 2010 Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. 111 In 2009 in the OWS-6 testbed the first version of the Event Architecture was developed. It took the experiences of the work on the SAS and the SES as an input but the focus was not on the development of a service specification. The resulting public engineering report 09-032 describes an abstract event architecture including the definition of important terms, an application schema for events and roles and interfaces for the abstract architecture. This abstract architecture was also mapped to multiple use cases and OGC services to show how it could be applied. In addition related problems and technologies are described like common messaging patterns, event processing, acknowledgements of events and canceling of events. This report represents an extension and enhancement of the OWS-6 event architecture work. It defines the actual publish subscribe functionality in much more detail. Furthermore it lays the foundation to determine which existing publish subscribe technology should be recommended by the OGC for realizing pubsub in OWS. Based on this report and the predecessor from OWS-6 and the experiences gained from the SES a new service specification is going to be developed that fulfills the requirements developed in OWS-7 and which is applicable to all OGC domains. This service specification should therefore not be developed within the SWE initiative. Later on a new sensor specific service can be designed for instance as SWE profile of the common Event Service. Also the WNS shall be renewed to be compatible with the Event Service. As it does not serve as a notification broker for events but rather as a protocol transducer e.g. from HTTP to XMPP and a service for a last mile communication it will most likely remain as a separate service specification. As shown in Figure 38 the SPS does not have a direct influence on the Event Architecture developments. However, it makes use of notification techniques to notify users about task states. The resulting connection to the Event Architecture is described in the next section as the SPS uses the SWE Service Model SWES specification for notification handling.

12.1.3 Foreign standards and specifications related to the Event Architecture

In this section the relations between binding technologies and selected specifications are described. Again the timeline is presented in Figure 39. Besides the SAS, SES and the Event Architecture, the SWE Service Model SWES specification and the binding technologies Web Services Notification WS-N, ATOM and Web Services Eventing WS-E are included. 112 Copyright © 2010 Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. Figure 39: Overview of the timeline of selected bindings and specifications As shown in the figure the first binding technology that influenced the OGC eventing specifications was WS-N from OASIS. It was used in the SES to define the common communication methods like Notify and Subscribe. Due to the experience made with the SES it was also selected to be used in the SWES specification for the notification handling. The SWES specification has the goal to define standard behavior and operations across SWE service specifications similar to the OWS common specification. As said above it is used in the 2.0 versions of the SPS and the SOS. The SWES specification is currently reviewing the comments received in the RFC phase and - once all comments have been processed - will move forward to vote for adoption as an OGC Standard. For the development of the Event Architecture also WS-E and ATOM were considered, besides WS-N. Web Services Eventing WS-E from the W3C has a similar scope as WS-N but differs in some aspects. In general it is a bit simpler and lighter. It is currently proposed as W3C standard but not released yet. Under the term ATOM three specifications are listed. The first is the Atom Syndication Format ASF which is an XML based format for the description of lists of related information feeds. The Atom Publishing Protocol AtomPub is used for editing and publishing web resources encoded as ATOM feeds. PubSubHubBub PSHB is a protocol that extends ATOM feeds to support push based communication via feeds instead of pulling requesting information updates. AtomPub and PSHB can be considered to enable a RESTful implementation of the Event Architecture and a possible OGC Event Service.